Infertility : Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Hyperandrogenism often presents itself in the physical form with acne, hirsutism (male-patterned hair growth), and alopecia. While insulin resistance is typically present in a patient with a higher BMI, 70% of women with PCOS have this condition, putting them at a higher risk of developing Type 2 diabetes (Goodarzi et al., 2011). Other metabolic complications can occur with PCOS, including hypertension and dyslipidemia (Madnani, 2013). The hormonal secretions of the body’s endocrine glands are affected by the hormonal secretions of the ovaries and vice versa via feedback mechanisms. The disruption of normal hormone secretions, particularly hypersecretion of luteinizing hormone (LH), can reduce the chance of conception and increase the risk of miscarriage (Balen,

Women, ever wonder what all you inherited from your parents? One condition that women can inherit is polycystic ovarian syndrome. Polycystic ovarian syndrome is a complex genetic condition common among women, especially those in reproductive ages. Polycystic ovary syndrome is defined as ovarian dysfunction with polycystic ovaries (Goodarzi et al., 2011). I was diagnosed with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) at the age of twelve. It was hard for me to understand at that age what was truly going on with my body, so I just listened to the doctors and did what they said. So, I did this research to learn more about PCOS and learn how I can prevent long term consequences from occurring. This research includes what PCOS is and the symptoms seen with it, causes, how to diagnose it, prevention, treatment and long-term consequences if not treated. The biggest

Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome also known as Stein-Leventhal Syndrome, occurs in 5% to 10% of women and is one of the causes of infertility. PCOS is observed by ultrasound as a number of small cysts on a woman’s ovary, and it’s

The purpose of this paper is to discus the etiology, symptoms, diagnoses and treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome. Polycystic ovary syndrome is also known as PCOS. Polycystic ovary syndrome is a common endocrine disorder found in women of the reproductive age. First identified in 1935, polycystic ovary syndrome is diagnosed by the presence of polycystic ovaries, menstrual irregularities, and clinical or biochemical hyperandrogegism. “Symptoms of PCOS include changes in the menstrual cycle, such as: Not getting a period after you have had one or more normal ones during puberty (secondary amenorrhea), Irregular periods that may come and go, and be very light to very heavy. Other symptoms of PCOS include: Extra body hair that grows on the chest, belly, face, and around the nipples. Acne on the face, chest, or back, and skin changes, such as dark or thick skin markings and creases around the armpits, groin, neck,

I chose to write about PCOS because I myself suffer from this disease. PCOS is short for Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome. PCOS is a type of disease where your ovaries fill up with follicles filled with fluid (cyst). It causes mainly infertility and type 2 diabetes. This disease is more common in women who are in the reproductive stage. Not only can it cause the infertility and type 2 diabetes, but it can also cause an irregular menstrual cycle and can cause your body to produce more of a male hormone called androgen. Some other things it may cause is depression, anxiety, high blood pressure, sleep apnea, high blood sugar and many other health problems. The cause of this disease has not been yet identified, but it is said one of the ways could be

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common hormonal endocrine disorders in women. This syndrome includes multiple cysts in your ovaries that are filled with fluid. It can be easily seen on an ultrasound when there is a string of pearls(cysts) on your ovaries. Many women experience infrequent periods, weight gain, elevated hormone levels and type 2 diabetes.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder among reproductive aged women, with a prevalence of 16.6-18% according to the 2003 Rotterdam criteria (1-3). Though PCOS is extremely common, up to 70% of women with the syndrome are undiagnosed (3). The PCOS diagnosis is one of ovarian dysfunction and hyperandrogenism, and as such has important implications for reproductive health (see Table 1; NIH, 2012). However, in addition to these reproductive criteria – which tend to manifest as hirsutism, infertility, and pregnancy complications – PCOS is marked by

Polycystic ovary syndrome is an endocrine disorder that affects at least 10% of women living in the United States. Insulin Resistance plays a large part in fertility for women who have polycystic ovary syndrome. Myo-Inositol improves fertility, and alleviates many of the symptoms associated with polycystic ovary syndrome and insulin resistance.

Polycystic Ovarian Disease (PCOD), also known as Polycystic Ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a very common ailment affecting 5% to 10% of females in the age group 12–45 years. It is an issue in which a lady’s hormones are out of balance. It can cause complications with menstrual periods and make it problematic for her to conceive. The main features include no ovulation, irregular periods, acne and hirsuitism. If not treated, it can cause insulin resistant diabetes, obesity and high cholesterol levels, leading to heart ailment.

Insulin aids in regulation of ovarian function and overproduction of insulin causes the ovaries to produce high amounts of androgens.9 High levels of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) stimulate the ovarian thecal cells to produce a greater amount of androgens such as 17-hydroprogesterone, testosterone and progesterone.9 Furthermore, thecal cells contain a higher level of cytochrome P450 11A, CYP17 and 3-HSD2 genes.9 Increased androgens stimulate visceral adipose tissue to produce free fatty

In addition, weight loss alone has been shown to increase pregnancy chances in obese women by improving menstrual functioning and ovulation. In fact, in women with polycystic ovary syndrome, even a small weight reduction of 5% has shown to improve fertility (Clark et al., 1995). Moreover, preliminary evidence from a 2011 pilot study investigating pregnancy outcomes following in vitro fertilisation concluded that a reduction in waist circumference was associated with increased odds of pregnancy (Moran et al., 2011).

A health condition that is generally unfamiliar to many people, Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), is where some women's hormones get out of balance due to any one of several issues including extreme chronic stress and the natural process of menstrual changes in the body.

Main Content: Women suffering from Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) are regularly found to have higher level of insulin in their bodies than normal. Insulin is created by cells in the pancreas, known as the islets of Langerhans. It helps the body cells to transform sugar (glucose) into energy.

A diagnosis can change everything, or nothing at all. In my case—it felt like both. Nearly two years ago I found out I have PCOS, or Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Finally. One diagnosis fit a lifetime of symptoms. My “healthy” outward appearance had masked the internal damage from years of hormone imbalances. It was scary, but scarier was the thought of what would happen if I left my PCOS untreated. If I wanted to be a doctor, I had to be healthy enough to do so—the sooner the better.

Many people are challenging with infertility in the world. Among the causes, varicocele is the most common reversible cause of infertility in men. Despite the advances, the pathophysiology of infertility caused by varicocele is still under debate. Some have proposed different mechanisms such as scrotal temperature, oxidative stress, hypoxia, autoimmunity, etc. 1-3 In addition, previous studies have shown the effect of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) on semen quality in animals and humans. 4-5 Therefore, we studied the possibility of a hypothesis that seminal IGF-I may have a pathophysiological role in infertility among patients with clinical varicocele. 6