influenced the public in that way until he died at 1970. After Culture Revolution in 1949, talking about sex is regarded as taboo and removed from the public (Steinfeld, 2014). Even homosexuality was considered as a crime until 1997 and a mental illness until 2001.
Culture influences
China was culturally influenced by Confucius. There is one saying that goes: “Lust is the worst of all wicked things; Filial piety is the best of all good things (Steinfeld, 2014).” According to Steinfeld’s (2014) opinion, Chinese tend to discuss sex more privately and schools focused more on exams than sex educations. Unlike the complete grading systems and textbooks in different subjects, there’s no specific subject that would cover sex education. In addition, schools are not required to have sex education courses, especially when parents think it will waste youths’ time on studying. When both of these authoritative figures, schools and parents, show less interest or even negative feelings about sex education, adolescents in high schools naturally pay less attention to sex related topics.
Not only influenced by Confucius, two culturally distinctive moral systems were found to regulate college-aged students’ sexual behaviors in China (Zhou, Zeng, & Hu, 2014). The first system is the Basic Sexual-Moral Principles that includes sense of ethics and responsibility in their sexual attitudes. Researchers found out that no matter whether participants have had premarital sex or not, participants
China’s negative outlook on teen pregnancy can be concluded to the individuals around her as why she believes what she does. Parents affect their children's views on many topics concerning various aspects, and it seems as if China’s parents have created a negative outlook on teenage pregnancy. China says, “I will never be like those breeders that bring their puffed-up squalling little red-faced babies to class” (Boyle 558). Her negative outlook has obviously been skewed as she believes teens become pregnant based off of their own choice and not the product of chance. She does not seem to understand that all the right steps can be taken to avoid pregnancy when having sex, but still the woman can become pregnant. Her take on this subject can be attributed to believing the views of her privileged community, families who have never been affected by teen pregnancy, and therefore, can not give an accurate representation of their lives or how teen pregnancy may have helped their life for the better. The quote shows her naive nature as the education on teen pregnancy does not seem evident, but instead the words of her parents and those unaffected by teen pregnancy and taken in and believed. Her view on pregnancy, of course, can be attributed to why she never told her parents or anyone that she was pregnant. Now she appears as a hypocrite as she is the one who is a
During 1920s, U.S. schools began to incorporate sex education to their courses. A 2002 study conducted by the Kaiser Family Foundation found that “58% of secondary school principals describe their sex education curriculum as comprehensive programs provide factual information about birth control, sexual transmitted disease, and continue the message to children about waiting to have sex.” (Johannah)
As children grow up, they are exposed to changes in their body and physiology. Adults, family, schools, and friends influence them and teach them about the world and the changes they are going to experiment, but how does an adult approach children and teenagers about sex? New ideas and debates have formed concerning how to educate the youngsters on the topic of sex: whether parents should explain their children about the birds and the bees, or schools need a course to educate students about sexual activity. This paper is going to examine sex education from different perspectives: psychology, education, and religion studies. Sex education is instruction on issues regarding human sexuality, emotions, responsibilities, anatomy, sexual intercourse, reproduction, health issues, rights, how to practice safe sex, sexually transmitted diseases, sexual organs, or everything related to human reproduction and sex. Almost four out of ten young women get pregnant before the age of twenty (hhs.gov), and nearly twenty million new cases of sexually transmitted diseases (STD’s) come from people in between fifteen and twenty-four years old (hhs.gov), and most of them state they were uniformed or not prepared. The topic of sex has been a taboo subject in various cultures throughout the years because many parents are unwilling or unable to properly educate their children about sex, forcing them to seek out less credible sources. If schools are permitted to teach sex education, then they can
Human nature has shaped and developed many different social norms in our society, however, they also create many social problems when conflicting views come under scrutinization. Sexual education in America has been problematic since the late 1900’s because there is simply a lack of it. Sexual education has transformed over a hundred years, abated by the effect of religious upbringings and conservative outlooks. However, as evolved as it is today, it is still a national issue because of the ongoing struggle of comprehensive sexual education against abstinence, and in the midst of the two, students are still not being exposed to proper sexual health.
According to Pastor, the double standards arise from the false belief that female-assigned individuals are primarily concerned about having a good provider for their offspring (132). Therefore, Koepsel would agree that the Wisconsin sexual health curriculum is actually not unique in its requirement for educators to address the positive connection between marriage and parenting (141). Even back in her native homeland, TR explains that sexual health education is no different. In fact, there is a religious belief in her culture that discourages female-assigned individuals from engaging in discussions about sexual activity. Students in India generally do not even receive formal sexual health education until they are “mature” enough, which is not until high school. When female-assigned adolescents do learn about sex, it is often in terms of the reproductive system. In these cultures, people are advised to practice abstinence until marriage (TR). The belief is that females should only engage in sexual activity after marriage, which is when you are mentally, physically, and financially prepared to raise a child. As depicted here, formal sexual health education is no different across cultures. Why does society place such a huge emphasis on marriage, reproduction, and parenting as part of the sexual health curriculum? Given these points, it is evident that formal sexual health instruction often ignores the pleasure aspect of sexual
Considering that religion is Americas #1 social institution, it is no surprise that the most widely used sex education approach follows the beliefs of the church (Delamater, J. D. Lecture 9/29/14). The sex negativity of the Christian tradition stems from the philosophies of Stoicism and Neo-Platonism which both enforce that sex is solely for procreation. (Delamater, 2014, p. 483) The Christian belief that abstinence is the only moral way to avoid STIs and pregnancy has led to the incorporation of abstinence-only sex education courses in schools. The myth that abstinence-only sex education causes teenagers to have less sex has been in question for quite some time. Christians deem that teaching students about safe sex would lead to an increase in sexual behavior, thus it shouldn’t be discussed. In contrast, people who believe in humanism feel that comprehensive sex education is the most effective way to inform teenagers about sex (Delamater, 2014, p. 485).
All over the world in classrooms, households, churches and sometimes in every day life sex education is a topic on people’s minds. Whether this topic is taught in detail rather than in avoidance of the action is the debate we need to have. It is almost impossible to go all of our lives without being exposed to some level of education of sexual activity. Sometimes that education is associated with positivity and other times it is comparable to the sin of all sins. Sex education is more beneficial than abstinence only education because those taught to avoid it have no information on how to safely go about it when their urges surface, as well associating fear of sin and holding them to pledges of virginity can harm young adult’s decision
Many scholars have researched China’s population policies and its consequences. The health effects from sterilizations and forced abortions have been well-investigated.1 The mental health of the first versus second and third children has also been compared in multiple studies.2 In Just One Child, Susan Greenhalgh argues that a lack of scientific judgment and input gave rise to the One Child Policy. However, there is a lack of research into the cultural determinants leading to the development of China’s population policies and the effects that state population policies have had on ideas about sexuality and sexual health in China.
When I was in China, my friends and I resisted engaging in sexual activity, and we knew little about the sex and our bodies. However, in the U.S., my peers encouraged me to learn more about my body and sexual health because they are essential parts of my life. Under their influence, I began to learn to identify unintended pregnancy, HIV, sexual abuse and assault, sexual harassment, or other problematic behaviors. I am not prepared to engage in pre-marital sex; however, this knowledge will help me make responsible choices about sexual activity in the future. Therefore, even though I experienced a difficult time dealing with the gender stereotypes and sexual double standard, school has helped me demonstrate awareness of gender equality and explore the ways of responding to diverse perspectives linked to gender identity, allowing me to become a responsible advocate for feminism; my peers have influenced me to be a mature woman who understands the importance of good sexual health and recognizes the diversity of sexual
Many topics around the world spark controversy within social dynamics. Sex education, is a big controversy today expressed throughout every nation. The controversy originates from the simple fact that all people are different. Every person was brought up separately and therefore everyone has a different religion, culture and belief that leads up to different opinions in the matter. Sex education is widely debated because many people have different views on whether we should educate our children about sex, and on what we should teach them about. Although many believe that teaching our teens about sex is morally wrong, not educating the nation's youth about sex will cause more detrimental problems in our adolescence social
“U.S. teens have the highest rate of premarital pregnancy in the industrial world” (Thio and Taylor 184). Being such a large issue in our nation, it is important to incorporate sexual education curriculum into schools. Some parents feel that teaching their children about the subject will make them want to participate in sex, but it is more important to not leave the students unaware of the consequences and facts that come with sexual activity. Parents refusing to let their children gain knowledge on the subject are forcing their children to be less aware of potential dangers that come with participating in sexual activity. Premarital sex has become more prevalent in today’s society than it has ever
Sexual education is first and foremost related to sex and sexuality issues. So in order to better understand the case of sexual education, it is important to review the development of the concepts sex and sexuality within the social sciences and humanities.
As children grow, they accumulate knowledge over the years about a variety of subjects to prepare them for the future. Children learn from parents, schools, life experiences, what they watch and other influences around them, and it can be either positive learning or negative learning. There is one subject that is difficult to teach and have control over because of misunderstandings, lack of teaching, and publicity. Sex education has been a major debate for children under eighteen, because there are some parents that want it taught in schools and others that do not because of different reasons. There are currently eighteen states and the District of Columbia that require schools to provide sex education and thirty-two that do not require
One of the most flawed programs in public schools is sexual education. Sexual education is starting to evanescenting when it comes to being taught in public schools. “22 states and the District of Columbia require schools to provide both sexuality and STD/HIV education; another 15 states require STD/HIV education; and 13 states have no requirements when it comes to sexual education”(sexuality education pg 1). Within the 22 states that require taking sexual education, they also give the parents an option to opt out of the class if the class does not go with their religion or they believe their children are to young to be taught. Among the whole United States we have the highest pregnancy rates among teens with the lack of sexual education being taught in the right or direct way. “The United States has one of the highest teen pregnancy rates in the developed world-almost twice as high as those of England, Wales, Canada, and eight times as high as those of the Netherlands and Japan”(opposing viewpoint series pg 109). While the rising of teen pregnancy continues, teens and adult(age 18)
Sexual education is extremely important in informing youth about sex. More specifically, sex education “plays an essential role in preventing unplanned pregnancy and the transmission of sexual transmitted infections (STI)” (Grose et al., 2014, p. 742). Research shows that sex education in schools “may be well positioned to address social factors that are empirically linked to negative sexual health outcomes, such as traditional social norms surrounding genders and sexuality” (Grose et al., 2014, p. 742). Observing, the American ‘abstinence only’ sex education, it is not any form of education. It is telling children that they should not be having sex and that if they do there is a problem. Furthermore, it does not give the option to those that wish to have sex any information on how to practice safe sex, prevent pregnancy and