Information Security In Zanziabar Public Sector

With the increasing use of the internet to perform organizational functions to deliver services to the public, the federal government saw the need to improve customer service in 2002. The enacted E-Government Act of 2002 required federal agencies utilizing information technology to become citizen focused, establish a chief information officer (CIO), develop and meet security requirement in accordance with the Federal Information Security Act (FISMA), protect confidential information, and support electronic government initiatives (Bolten, 2003). The legislation required agencies to develop their IT infrastructures to meet the needs of the public and link information systems agency-wide. Additionally, the conversion and management of electronic records would improve the communication and accessibility of information for the federal agency, employees, and the public.

In this paper we will look at defining the problem of data security and public administration. The reader will see the evidence gathered to get a better understanding of the problem of not securing data when sending it. The reader will learn different alternatives to how they can ensure the data is secure.

In simple terms, when we talk about e-government, we mean the easy accessibility to serve citizens with the use of technology. Technology has advanced in many shapes and form, which has opened the doors for the government to respond to citizens in a timely manner. For citizens, they can make the use of services provided online to save time and money. For example, Motor Vehicle Administration, where citizens can renew and apply for new driver’s license and pay online with the help of advanced technology.

While all of these technologies have enabled exciting changes and opportunities for businesses, they have also created a unique set of challenges for business managers. Chief among all concerns about technology is the issue of information security. It seems to be almost a weekly occurrence to see a news article about yet another breach of security and loss of sensitive data. Many people will remember high profile data breaches from companies such as T.J Maxx, Boston Market, Sports Authority, and OfficeMax. In the case of T.J. Maxx, a data breach resulted in the loss of more than 45 million credit and debit card numbers. In many of these incidents, the root cause is a lack of adequate security practices within the company. The same technologies that enable managers can also be used against them. Because of this, businesses must take appropriate steps to ensure their data remains secure and their communications remain

The information provided in this report has been gathered and compiled from the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Special Publication 800-53a, Guide for Assessing the Security Controls in Federal Information Systems and Organizations. Publication 800-53a is a comprehensive manual which provides in depth information on the requirements of IT security in the interest of maintaining the security triad or CIA (confidentiality, integrity, and availability).

E-Governance or electronic governance is the use of technology in order to have a better relationship with the customers (citizens of the nation). It uses information and communication technology (ICT) to build up their capacities to provide improved access to information about the working of the government to the citizens. In simple words, it is the medium through which easy communication can take place between the government and the citizens of an economy through internet, mobiles, local area network etc. It is very important for citizens to be up-to-date about the latest rules and regulations and changes that take place. It is basically the use of ICT by different sectors of the economy with the motive of public participation in the decision

This author addresses the central concerns regarding information security in the modern business world using broad strokes to make the importance of network security as a key business operation readily apparent to the reader. As the article is addressed primarily on business managers and other practically interested personnel, the language is a bit too full of professional jargon and other needless complications, however the basic facts that the author lays out and the conclusions drawn from these facts and their relationship are quite straightforward and clear. Though not providing any truly in-depth and concrete data or profound insights, this presents overview information that is directly related to the investigation of network and information security.

The main goal of the dissertation that is to collect data from appropriate sources was accomplished by selecting the proper case studies and people surveyed. However, working in steps for achieving the goal makes the task easier in collecting data. For examples, problems are analyzed first then all the arrangements and correspondence were arranged with the people involved in data collection. In addition to that, we have also considered several case studies of successful and unsuccessful projects around the world in the diverse field, which involves e-governance whether in government business or private ventures. This aided in appearing alternate points of view on the parts of e-government hones. The specialist then investigated the execution and reported results on the performance of these ventures in these nations. The second target was achieved by consider-ing challenges confronted amid the implementation procedure of each of the administration ventures.

Therefore the government need to reprioritise the e-government agenda. Utilising the information already collated and the information available the points that need to be considered are as follows for significant

Governments start just publishing basic information and statistic and improve gradually up to seamless delivery of government information and services, e-participation, e-democracy, governmental transformation or some combination of above. But these models do not reveal that how development occur and how long (time) it needs to complete stages. On the other hand, these models do not tell how government overcomes the various barriers faced (financial, legal, organizational, political, less usage etc.); further their findings posit that technology is not likely a primary barrier to e-government, government gain experience. Organizational and political factors are likely to significantly affect e-government application development, performance and adoption (Coursey & Norris, 2008). The models assume that governments will increasingly adopt e-government. But it is obvious that technology adoption will not occur sans barriers (money, staff, infrastructure, trust, culture and others). Different governments have different problems, for instance money will be a barrier to a small government but it will not be a problem to a wealthy government. Hence, present study will not pay more attention regarding these development stages/phases which form models. Accordingly, technology adoption and acceptance theories and critical factors which address the ongoing

E-government has the potential to improve greatly the delivery of public services, making them easier to access, more convenient to use, more responsive, more transparent and so on. It also has the potential to free up resources in the public sector by delivering services more efficiently. Therefore governments are keen to push their citizens to use online services to deliver public services more efficiently and faster with lower cost. For instance U.K. government, in February 2010, announced a new strategy for the public sector aimed at simplifying and standardizing ICT across the public sector to enable interoperability and data sharing while providing flexibility and efficient services that will deliver savings of over £

In today's public sector environment virtually all federal, state and local government use computers. Computerization has streamlined repetitive processes, promoting a more cost effective and efficient use of information technology. " Studies suggest that managers look to information technology to streamline work processes, enable easier access and retrieval of information, provide better products and services, save money by avoiding workforce expansion, speed up transactions and provide better data security."[iii]

e-Governance initiatives and Right to information (RTI) have been implemented for subtle change in global attitudes. Across the world, these two initiatives with information and communication technologies (ICTs) have ushered an era of information exchange; changing political, economic, and social structure forever. e-Governance and right to information (RTI) are being recognised as potential tools of empowerment. Right to information Act 2005 has been enacted with a view to promote openness, transparency and accountability in public administration. To achieve these objectives it is very important that the RTI Act should provide right to citizens to ask for matters pertaining to governmental functioning through on line. Hence, this paper highlights the use of e-governance as a tool for efficient functioning of the Act. It also discusses that a government which operates in greater secrecy is more prone to corruption as compared to a government which operates in greater openness.

E-government refers to multi-dimensional communications that provide services to the public through the use of information communication technology (ICT).

“M-government” extends the reach of e-government in public service delivery and includes the strategy and implementation of various types of wireless and mobile technology, applications, and