Infrastructure Improvement Research Paper

Between the costs of infrastructure repairs and medical assistance to those affected, the State of Michigan has a great financial burden that they are responsible for. Hundreds

According Edmonton’s 2012 budget report, almost all municipalities across Canada face a significant infrastructure deficit. Neighborhood renewal occurred periodically with funding from other orders of government, yet it failed to address the full life-cycle requirements of preventative maintenance, rehabilitation, and reconstruction. Over time, the condition of roads, sidewalks and sewers deteriorated, resulting in more frequent collapsed sewers, increased sidewalk hazards, and dramatically increased maintenance like pothole repairs. The Office of Infrastructure and Funding Strategy highlighted the need for ongoing funding for neighborhood infrastructure to overcome an anticipated $2.2 billion funding gap in neighborhood roads and related infrastructure.

In this detailed report, essential actors such as the Transportation, Natural Resources, and California Environmental Protection Agency provide ongoing projects they are developing which collectively helps California attain an improved infrastructure plan. In recent events, Californians passed Measure M in 2016 by a 71.5% margin which will serve as sales tax to “improver freeway traffic flow/safety; repair potholes/sidewalks; repave local streets”(Metro). An unpopular decision that has affected commuters was the recent gas tax signed into effect by governor Jerry Brown on November 1st 2017. This increase in tax , formerly known as the Senate 1 Bill, increased gasoline prices by 12 cents to help fund the Department of Motor Vehicles and the Department of the California Highway Patrol. Over the course of a decade, this legislative package aims to collects $54 Billion to fix roads, freeways and bridges. In terms of distribution, $200,000,000 of the funds will go into road maintenance, $100,000,000 of the funds will go to the Active Transportation Program, and $400,000 of the funds will go to maintenance and rehabilitation (State of California

You might have heard recently that the United States Trust Fund is currently experiencing a solvency issue due to an increased cost associated with financing road projects. The members of the United States Congress, as well as numerous other influential leaders, have been discussing means of addressing this “broken” Highway Trust Fund. This issue has been consistently thrown on the back burner for some time and due to this procrastination an issue that would have been an easy fix a few years ago has now ballooned into a much larger issue. Lately it seems like every time I turn on the news I have seen news reports of bridges collapsing and pot holes getting worse, it scary to think that I will one day have children driving on these roads if

2. In addition, there is a study by Miller & Zaloshnja, published by (PIRE) the Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation in 2009.[6] In the study, It was assessed that the costs of deficient roadways amounted to $217 billion per year. That’s more than double the costs of crashes related to alcohol or speeding or failing to wear safety belt. Yet, why is it that we don’t hear of this in the media? Our public safety focus needs to be readjusted towards the renewal of our roadways and it must be a top priority.

Because of the poor state of the economy the care American infrastructure has been ignored, which poses a danger to everyone that come in contact with it. Recent disasters have reminded many how important the care of American infrastructure is. America’s infrastructure gets a grade of “D” from the American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), which recommends that we spend $2.2 trillion on repairs and maintenance. “Much of America is held together by Scotch tape, bailing wire and prayers,” says director of the Fels Institute of Government at the University of Pennsylvania. But with the country no longer swimming but drowning in debt the upkeep of things such as roads and bridges, which we use every

In which the last time this occurred, was during President George W. The Bush administration in 2005 when signed the Safe, Accountable, Flexible, Efficient Transportation Equity Act. Unfortunately, it was not enough federal assistance for the United States infrastructure. Before President Barack Obama signed off on the FAST Act, the United States infrastructure was in turmoil. The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) estimates that the country would need to spend $1.6 trillion in the next five years to bring the country's infrastructure to an acceptable minimum standard (Goldhagen,

Throughout the course of history there have been many advances in the world of infrastructure, mostly occurring in the 1800’s and the 1900’s. Infrastructure is defined as the basic physical and organizational structure needed for the operation of a society or enterprise, or the services and facilities necessary for an economy to function. This definition shows how important infrastructure is to people’s lives today. It affects how people live, travel, and communicate with one another. Three men who made huge contributions in the world of infrastructure were Robert Moses, Richard Ravitch and Othmar Hermann Ammann. All three of these men were involved in designing numerous landmarks, highways, bridges, tunnels, and other forms of infrastructure that today we take for granted. Although all of these men were involved in infrastructure in the New York metropolitan area, their contributions, personalities, and the public’s opinion of them were all different.

The industry’s use of fresh water conflicts with the principles of conservation and sustainable resources (Fracking). “100 billion gallons of water will be diverted from aquifers and fresh water sources and converted through fracking into toxic wastes that cannot be safely returned to the natural water cycle” (Fracking). A long-term plan has not been put into place to solve the problem of millions of gallons of contaminated water from fracked wells (Fracking). Treatment plants in Pennsylvania, overwhelmed by wastewater they could not fully treat, released water infected with radioactive waste into rivers that provided drinking water to 7 million people (Fracking). Drinking water intake plants in Pennsylvania are only required to test for radioactivity once every six to nine years (Fracking). Fracking can cause water to become

It is important to modify and preserve the transportation system because the number of people using transportation routes is constantly increasing. This means the government must rebuild or replace bridges, pave roads and offer safer more reliable transportation routes that have less traffic and congestion.

This magazine article will look into the financial implications of our infrastructure. Both the current need and our future spend will be broken down. This will show the possibility of national economic expansion by creating jobs in industries such as highways, bridges, waterways, and electric grids. Billions of dollars a year are spent in emergency costs. There is currently not enough man power to sustain that need.

The United States’ critical infrastructures provide the American people with power to fuel their homes and businesses, water to keep themselves hydrated and prepare food, transportation network that get them from one location to the next which is efficient, merchandise including food, communication systems they rely on to communicate with friends and family, and more. The sixteen critical infrastructures are important to the U.S. and its people that if anything were to happen to these infrastructures sectors could bring problems to the U.S. Most of the 16 critical infrastructure facilities are privately owned.

Box 2.1 shows how bad America’s infrastructure is. Many of the common infrastructure such as water and the environment,

Throughout the United States of America, our infrastructure demands to be repaired. Since the rapid expansion of our infrastructure in the early to mid 1900’s, the basis of our nation, the infrastructure we rely upon, has outlived its life. At this very moment, money, an item in high-demand, is lost due to a large quantity of failures within our infrastructure. Everyday, sewage lines leak, gas pipelines explode, roads crumble and form potholes, power outages occur, and many other infrastructure failures take place. As the United States of America seeks to expand its economy, the need to renew the rapidly aging infrastructure should not be neglected.

With the overall objective in mind of providing public transportation to all Americans, we have to understand all of the different modes of transportation that need to be reconstructed and funded properly. America is a geographically diverse nation and all need to be taken into account to meet the growing demand of transportation over these differing regions. First off, we have to address states that must begin to rely on ferry transport across bodies of water. The ferry system needs adequate funding so that commuters can cross bodies of water such as the Puget Sound and Chesapeake Bay. Docks, landings, ferry boats, and employees will all need funding to ensure that this happens. Water public transportation is an unutilized territory and in this growing age we hope to help it strive. We plan to rebuild ferry landings