Inhibitory Regression Analysis

The impact of aging said to have a great effect on the capacity of learning of the adult. (Falasca, 2011). There are several eye problems become common as they age, cognitive ability, hearing impairments and perception may not be sufficient enough to understand and grasp all the information or it could be compromised (Falasca,

No reference was given as to what revisions/changes occurred in the production of the RIPA-G:2 from its previous edition.

Selective memory retrieval is research to try and recall events that occurred in your past life. In their studies, they used sixty-four participants between the age of (20-35) for the younger generation and for the 64 participants their age was over sixty. They then proceeded to show each group certain images to remember. Both groups showed a very poor retrieval to the images portrayed. For the most part, this initial test between the young and older ages was unsuccessful. Since, this experiment didn’t go as planned they came up with a new process. That process being to have a much wider group is participants. Having the participants between the age of (40-85) drastically changed the results of the experiment. Critically, the size of the beneficial but now the detrimental effect of retrieval decreased with age and this age-related decline was mediated by individuals working memory capacity, as measured by the complex operation span task. (Aslan, A., Schlichting, A., John, T., & Bauml, K. T., 2015) In this study it showed that there was an early decline in the older generation memory compared to the younger

There are people who think that older adults are not capable of learning new information because of the number of neurons in their brain decline as they age. In the PBS video “Stealing Time”, the old cage potato rats were given a change of scene with an enriched environment and the results were that their dendrites grew and made new synaptic connections where there were none before. These rats were better on future tasks than the old rats that were not given a change of scene. When older adults are doing a task in a laboratory setting they are less efficient at processing the information presented to them and their reaction time is slower. “Older adults show more brain activity between the prefrontal cortex and the medial temporal lobe than

As adults age their executive functioning start to slow down. The structural changes in the prefrontal cortex

A. S., Sozda, C. N., Dotson, V. M., & Perlstein, W. M. (2016). An Event-Related Potential Investigation of the Effects of Age on Alerting, Orienting, and Executive Function. Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience. Retrieved from http://db16.linccweb.org/login?url=http://go.galegroup.com.db16.linccweb.org/ps/i.do?p=AONE&sw=w&u=lincclin_mdcc&v=2.1&it=r&id=GALE%7CA457534628&asid=eb0543c891701af28b79b58b05539847

Evidence for a general slowing factor come from two observations: evidence from the age-related slowing across a broad range of cognitive tasks and the significant amount of shared variance across those cognitive tasks (Salthouse, 1996). Furthermore, the processing-speed theory states that the relationship between age and processing speed mediated the relationship between age and other measure of cognitive functioning such as quality of the outcome. Evidence from statistical analysis revealed significant relationships between age and perceptual speed and perceptual speed and decision accuracy, but did not reveal a significant relationship between age and decision accuracy. These findings support the mediating role of processing speed between age and decision accuracy (Salthouse, 1996). Empirical evidence has also shown the elimination of age-related differences in other areas of cognition when controlling for processing speed (e.g., Henninger, Madden, & Huettel,

Older adults are thus slower in receiving information through sensory receptors, slower in transmitting, processing, and interpreting information, and are slower in acting upon it” (Shulman, Silverman, & Golden).

Inhibitory control has been defined as a structure that grants the suppression of actions that are considered not appropriate (Bjorklund & Harnishfeger, 1995). This structure is a weighty component in completing how mental processes work together in the achievement of a task (Dowsett & Livesey, 2000). Older research has suggested that the development of inhibitory control in homo sapiens was a major factor in the evolution of intelligence (Stenhouse, 1974). Later research further supports this claim by suggesting that Inhibitory control is important in intelligence (Kochanska, Murray, Jacques, Koenig, & Vandegeest, 1996). Research into inhibitory control has found that Inhibitory control is linked to impairment in a substantial amount of neurological disorders (Peterson et al., 1998). Inhibitory control is typically

There are also cognitive changes during middle adulthood. There is a mixed pattern of positive and negative changes in cognitive abilities. Processing speed starts to decrease during this time period however crystallized thought does not decline until older age (pg. 456). Working memory begins to decline however semantic memory continues to increase as we learning throughout our older years (ph 456). Usually most memory decline is during older age and can be attributed to Alzheimer’s disease of dementia.

Cognitive aging is commonly labeled strictly as memory and only found in “some people”. However, this is not true. The knowledge of cognitive aging has grown immensely, but there is still much to be learned. The surface has only been scratched with many more questions to be answered. Cognitive aging is worthy of study and effects everyone, but there is also much more is still to be learned.

According to Baumeister et al (1998), these resources are limited and can be depleted temporary. This suggests that those who had been constantly suppressing thoughts, (e.g.) keeping secrets, or suppressing thoughts of a secret relationship, might find additional suppression more difficult. Also, those who had a smaller capacity for ‘active volition’ (Baumeister et al, 1998) would find suppression less effective as they might sustain the exclusion of thoughts or the distraction from the target thought for a shorter period of time. Furthermore, despite obtaining significant results to prove that suppressed thoughts are not at all inhibited, the generalizability of the result remained questionable; one could effectively argue that the contradictory effect was provoked by the instruction to ring a bell whenever the target thought occurred.

      Attention becomes more sustained and selective with age; children become better at focusing on just those aspects of a situation that are relevant to their goals. Older children are also better at adapting attention to task requirements. Gains in cognitive inhibition,

latent inhibition is a learning phenomenon that it is often easier to learn something new than to unlearn something familiar. Once we have learned to associate something with it and its difficult to unlearn even if its meaning changed. The prior learning produces an interference effect. Example of Latent Inhibition may be how to use the doorknob. Like we know how door knob work, and we have seen it many times. So we apply same rule to different types of door handles on all sorts of doors. so we do not question the choice of door handles in particular was chosen, because if our brain had to do this every time a new stimulus presented itself it wouldn’t be able to cope and would overload. This is why we have Latent Inhibition that allows us to

“Despite the immense processing power of the human brain, it is severely capacity limited. This is dramatically illustrated when we attempt to perform even two simple sensorimotor tasks simultaneously; under these conditions, there is typically significant dual-task interference” (Scalf, Dux, & Marois, 2011). I can relate to this as there are times when I am at work and the workload begins to get overwhelming as my attention is not able to capture all the information that is being presented to me. By the end of the day my mind has been tasked with so much information that it’s hard to retrieve all information that has been stored within me due to the extreme number of stimuli that I am being exposed to. As adults, our memory is constantly being strained due to the amount of day to day events that take place. Children can absorb information and store more in their short-term and long-term memory as they are not tasked with having to juggle more than one thing at once like you do as you get older and responsibilities begin to consume your daily routine. “Functional neuroimaging studies of episodic memory in young adults have identified a core network of brain regions important for successful episodic memory encoding and retrieval” (Ankudowich, Pasvanis, & Rajah, 2016).