Injected Bacteria Shrink Tumors

Additionally, I have pushed myself to take the most rigorous courses that my high school offers, not only in attempt to prepare myself for my future, but also for my love of learning. In particular, I decided to take an independent study this year. I wished to utilize this opportunity as my first step into what I wanted to pursue in the next chapter of my life. Thus, I planned to venture into both viruses and bacteria, as well as other pathogens such as

It’s fascinating and a bit strange to think just how many bacteria live in our mouths, on our skin, and inside our bodies. Usually we think of all bacteria as being bad and harmful to us, but our bodies contain tons of good bacteria that play a very important

Antibiotic resistant infections are not only increasing, but intensifying exponentially. Even worse, there are few drugs readily available to diminish the swelling number of contagions; a sparse and meager quantity of combatants to tackle the vehement and aggressive pathogenic bacterium. These microscopic organisms, though infinitesimal, cause gigantic problems and wreak extra havoc when they attack the drugs prescribed to destroy and eradicate them, and survive. In culmination, they are more resilient, more powerful than ever before. Many of these superbugs are stronger and more alive, violently destroying the immune system of the body that has become their habitat, instead of ultimately dying. The tiny,

In our world we are surrounded by microorganisms, some are harmless, many are beneficial; they are a part of our normal flora on our skin and in our intestines, providing a barrier against microorganisms that may not be so harmless. It is important, however, to distinguish which microorganisms are potentially pathogenic from those that are not, and when someone does get ill to determine what the organism is so appropriate treatment can be determined.

We share this earth with a wide diversity of organisms, many of which we are unaware. Microorganisms are so abundant that it is estimated that there are one hundred million times more microbes on earth than there are stars in the sky (Francis, 2009). God created everything with a specific design. Microbes are a great example of that. According to the Bible, in Colossians 1:16, “For by Him all things were created that are in heaven and that are on earth, visible and invisible, whether thrones or dominions or principalities or power. All this were created through Him and for Him” (NKJV). Microbes have many different functions and abilities, some are beneficial and others are harmful, but they were made with a purpose. These microscopic microbes play a critical role to life on earth. Without microbes we would not be able to survive; they balance the life in our

There has been research conducted that shows how the treatment can be worse than the actual ailment or disorder. In the early 1900s surgeon and researcher William Coley, put a passive bacteria into one of his cancer patients, which became known as the “Coley’s toxin (Nybo, 2015).” The toxin caused the tumor to reduced in size and the patients who took the medication remained cancer-free. When other studies were done it showed that having the anti tumor showed that several bacteria selectively attach to a solid tumor. The bacteria attached itself to the tumor cell which killed off some of the tumor cells and showed that using a bacteria, in this case the Salmonella bacteria that it can help make an improvement finding a cure for cancer. With different bacteria’s tested, one of the more promising bacteria was Salmonella enterica that showed a good sign of being used for cancer treatment. However using the bacteria can cause some other problem like food poising, it usually happens after you have eaten bad food that has either spoiled or can also occur if meat is not fully cooked. However new research studies done have shown with some modifications the Salmonella bacteria can actually reduce or kill the cancer cell. In another study done in Senior Siegfried Weiss decided to reduce the Salmonella enterica by getting rid of some of the Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) synthesis which is essentially a molecule where lipids and polysaccharides are linked together. LPS can cause sepsis

Pathogens are microbes that cause a human being or any animal to be physically unwell. It brings illness like pain, aches, and fever and they can either destroy you slowly & painfully, or instantly. Throughout history, the majority causes death was pathogens like the bubonic plague, influenza, and the most infamous of all smallpox. Since it was discovered about 200 years ago people are trying to find ways to exterminate them. We fought an antagonistic war against pathogens using the wonder drug, antibiotics and save a lot of lives around the world. Little do we know that pathogenic bacteria are mutating faster than we expected and develop resistance to antibiotics.

Bacteria are tiny single-cell microorganisms that thrive in diverse environments, They live within the soil, the ocean and in the human gut, Bacteria are prokaryotes. Bacteria is an issue because it causes salmonella, gonorrhoea and many other diseases that are deadly and kill people. Each year in the united states, at least 2 million people die of bacterial diseases (Dr.Frieden,2013), bacteria is an issue because it kills so many people around the world, most times bacterial infections can be prevented by good hygiene. An infection is made up of bacteria, a human with an infection has another organism inside their body which gets their sustenance from that person (Nordqvist, 2014). Why infection important

Every second of our lives, we run into microbes of all varieties. We encounter numerous types of viruses and bacteria just walking in our own homes. Scientists and Microbiologists are still discovering millions of microbes each and every day. How can one not believe in a creator when there are so many tiny things that are swarming around us each day? Bacteria is everywhere. Good bacteria are allowing life cycles to continue, where bad bacteria are trying to throw those cycles off track. The Lord so intricately designed microbes for specific purposes. They each do different things, causing life to be the way it is. Each microbe has a different effect on our lives. The vast amount of things the Lord uses microbes for is amazing. He made microbes that decompose garbage, microbes that can eat flesh, microbes that can fight other microbes in the body and so many more! The Lord causes the function of the microbes for all biogeochemical cycles. In this paper I will be discussing two different microbes. One microbe being medically related to life and then the second being an environmental microbe. Each of these has a different effect on life of some type. So, let’s begin.

It is fascinating to look around and see how much diversity exists on earth. Perhaps even more interesting is the diversity that exists far beyond the naked eye. Over the past several decades, it has been determined that microorganisms account for the majority of the biomass on earth and new discoveries about these organisms are constantly being made (4). Bacteria make up a very large domain of the prokaryotes, or single-celled organisms. Bacteria have an enormous range of properties. Some can be infectious and lead to maladies and fatalities; others can benefit us by contributing to medications, foods, and even maintaining natural body functions like those in the digestive tract. Bacteria are virtually everywhere. It is for these reasons that it is vital we learn as much as possible about the once unseen organisms. Studying their physical and biochemical features can help us understand how to

To begin, synbio technology is becoming a necessity in the biomedicine and pharmaceutical industry. Synthetic biology therapies has been developed for the treatment of infectious diseases and cancer, as well as approaches in vaccine development (Ruder et al., 2011). As Ruder et al. (2011) have discovered, effective synthetic biology therapies can been rationally designed and constructed to alter mechanisms underlying disease and related biological processes. In the process of developing synthetic biology for prevention of infection, bacteriophages have been manipulated to attack bacterial strains by disrupting antibiotic defense mechanisms. The development of these synthetic biology therapies is essential in preventing widespread of diseases which may be unstoppable using other means. In the case of cancer treatment, synthetic biology plays an even more important role. Despite the success of modern cancer therapies, the major therapeutic interventions- surgery, radiation and chemotherapy- still causes considerable damage to healthy tissues in cancer patients. In this aspect, synthetic biology is no longer merely an alternative, but more of a necessity as we “need new cancer treatments that precisely distinguish between diseases and healthy cells” (Ruder et al., 2011). With synthetic biology, synbiologists are able to engineer bacteria to target and invade only cancer cells, programming the invasion to occur only in specific vivo conditions, as well as engineering bacteria

Microorganisms form part of our normal flora, however they can become pathogens where their main role is to survive and multiply, often at the expense of the host. Pathogens cause infectious diseases depending on their virulence; this was first realised when Louis Pasteur discovered microbes contaminated wine, causing it to go sour. He wondered how microbes affected humans; however it was Robert Koch that linked the contamination of microbes to the cause of infectious diseases. Between them they discovered and identified many of the microbes that caused diseases. Bacteria, Fungi, Virus and protozoan are all agents that cause infectious diseases. Infectious diseases can be asymptomatic for a long period of time before symptoms are apparent,

Microbes are everywhere, in the environment, in the food we eat and the air we breathe, meaning that they are also a huge part of the human body, and without them we would not survive. Despite microbes only being 1% to 3% of human body mass, there are 100 million microbial cells distributed throughout the human body, which is ten times more than human cells (society for general microbiology, 2015), and includes 22 different phyla and 10,000 different species (Contie, 2009). The entire microbial population in a human body is referred to as the human microbiota (Huttenhower, 2012). These microbes are acquired by an individual, not directly inherited, from the very early days after birth (Mundasad,

Abstract: The bacteriophage (“phage”) is a unique virus which is only capable of infecting bacterial cells, and therefore appears harmless to mammals, including humans. As a result, phage usage as an antibacterial therapy was first initiated in the early 1900’s. However, with the introduction of antibiotics in the 1940’s, phage therapy had essentially ceased in Western Europe and North America. Currently with the development of multi-drug resistant bacteria, a renewed interest in bacteriophage research has again emerged with emphasis not only on its antibacterial properties, but on its potential role in treating malignant diseases. In addition, in vitro “phage display” technology has been developed whereby a specific gene encoding a peptide/protein of interest can be inserted into the phage genome. The resulting peptide/protein is then “displayed” in the bacteriophage’s viral coat where it can be extracted for analysis. The biology of the bacteriophage, together with recent research studies and selected applications, is reviewed with respect to its potential role in the future treatment of bacterial infections and cancer.

Multidrug resistant bacteria are quickly becoming an issue around the globe, and a specific strain, Escherichia coli sequence type (ST) 131 has shown a propensity to use the intestinal tract of humans and household pets as a reservoir, all while exhibiting a high risk of infection to individuals with immune-compromised systems (Green et al. 2017). One method of countering the antibiotic resistant characteristics of this strain is to combat via the use of bacteriophages, organisms which can infect and devour the bacteria without harming the patient. This paper will briefly discuss bacteriophages, their benefit over antibiotic treatments, and the method in which bacteriophages are being experimented with to treat extra-intestinal