Inorganic Pigment Synthesis Lab Report

Boynton, R.M. 1987. Color. In McGraw-Hill Encyclopedia of Science & Technology (Vol. 4, 165-166) McGraw-Hill, Inc.

B1. Work under the hood! Weigh out exactly 0.1 g of ammonium dichromate and add to a test tube. Clamp and warm gently with a Bunsen burner. Two of the products of this reaction are chromium(III)oxide and nitrogen gas. Watch for evidence of the third product.

The objective of the experiment was to observe different reactions with different chemicals. The experiments emphasized on the chemical changes occurring in acids and bases as well as color changes and bubble formations. The experiments allowed for a better understanding of the undergoing chemical changes in mixtures. Some mixtures instantly changed colors while others were transparent or foggy. Some mixtures produced thick color that created solids called precipitates. Mixtures KI + Pb(NO3)2 and NaOH + AgNO3 both produce noticeable precipitates after a while. It was interesting to see the different acidic and base reactions like the fuchsia color formation in NaOH + phenolphthalein.

Catechol oxidase is an enzyme that speeds up the oxidation reaction when catechol is exposed to oxygen. When the reaction occurs, benzoquinone is produced turning the oxidized substance brown. It was hypothesized that the higher the concentration of catechol oxidase, the browner the substance will turn, and the faster it will achieve the color. In the present lab, different concentrations of catechol oxidase were mixed with pure catechol and the rate at which each solution browned was measured using a colorimeter. The

The purpose of this experiment was to identity, analyze and synthesize an unknown white compound. The identity of the unknown compound was determined by a flame and ion test to identify the cation and anion present in the compound. To confirm the identity, an ammonium test and conductivity test was conducted. After, the unknown compound, which was identified as Calcium(II)Nitrate, was synthesized in an acid-base reaction between Nitric Acid and Calcium Carbonate. The increments used were done so in order to obtain a theoretical yield of 1.0 gram of Ca(NO3)2.

Change in color once chemicals were combined (experiments b,c,d,e,f,g,h,j,l); Precipitate formation (experiments g,j,l), and formation of gas bubbles (experiment a).

In the Dyes and Crimes laboratory experiment, the phosphorescence, fluorescence, and chemiluminescence properties i.e. traits of several chemicals were examined using (UV) Ultraviolet lamp. Observations on color, intensity, duration of glow, etc. were analyzed to determine the traits of the several chemicals. Correspondingly, the author of the unsigned note was determined through ink extraction, (TLC) Thin Layer Chromatography, (UV-Vis) Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy along with the Rf values for of each individual sample of ink compared to the unknown: the ink of the author on the unsigned note. Phosphorescence substances

The purpose of this lab was to carry out a systematic series of experiments to determine which chemicals and at what ratio produce chemiluminescence, and then to manipulate reaction conditions to extend glow time or brightness.   The variables for day one were chemicals used, amount of chemical, order of addition, and stirring the substance or not. The main variables in day two were heating or cooling chemicals, order of addition, and stirring. The best trial for day 1 was trial 13, which was 2 drops of H2O2, 2 drops DMSO, 2 drops HCl, 2 drops NaOH, and 2 drops Bleach, in that order, added to 10 drops luminol, and then stirred.

According to Oregon State University, there are three types of classes that plant pigments can fall under. They are, chlorophylls, carotenoids, and anthocyanins (Carol Savonen 2003). Often the pigments that fall under the category of chlorophyll look green to the eye. This is because they are absorbing all colors of the spectrum except for green. Next, the pigments that are known as carotenoids are going to look yellow or orange, due to the same reasoning. They are absorbing all colors but yellow and orange. Lastly, the anthocyanins will absorb blue and green, reflecting either purple or red (Volner Silva 2016). As the chromatography takes place and the solution is separated into its component substances, they will display the colors of the specific pigments present in them. For example, if Chlorophyll A is present in a leaf, the chromatography will show a blue-green color, while if xanthophylls, another type of plant pigment, are present, the chromatography will exhibit a yellow color. On the other hand, if the anthocyanin pigments are present in the leaf, the chromatography experiment should have resulted in red, blue, purple, or magenta colors (Joy Alkema and Spencer L. Seagerl 1982). Specific to this experiment, the green leaves should display more pigments under the chlorophyll category, while on the other hand, the darker leaves should display more pigments that fall

Lab Title: Synthesis, Decomposition, Single Displacement and Double Replacement Chemical Reactions Purpose: The objective of lab four was to use the website Late Nite Labs to determine types of chemical reactions. Combining and/or heating various compounds, observing the reactions and balancing equations for the chemicals involved, reveals the chemical reactions. Materials: A computer, Internet, calculator and access to Late Nite Labs.

, it is a reaction became the color of the solution turned yellow. Discussions. The first experiment was clearly a synthesis, as the Magnesium and the flame reacted and combined, forming 2MgO. The reason of the 2 Mg is because all chemical equation must be balanced, and the total electron number must be zero. A O have a -2 charge, while Mg have a +1 charge.

Data and Observations: Reactants: Observations: Products: Mg + O₂ Part A) The sample began to glow orange. As it increased in heat, it began glowing white. It gave off a smoke. After the heat was removed, it was completely white.

Approximately 0.05 g of 9-fluorenol, 250mg of chromic oxide resin, and 2 mL of toluene were used for the reaction solution. The CrO3 resin consisted of little brown solid balls. The reaction solution was slowly heated to 130°C. The reaction solution slowly turned light yellow as it was being heated. 1M standards for 9-fluorenol and 9-fluorenone were used. The reaction mixture had a strong gas-like odor while it was filtered through the Hirsch funnel. After evaporating the solvent using a rotary evaporator, the crude product that was left was yellow and solid. When hexane was added the yellow solid formed into a yellow liquid.

Dispense .5 mL water into the already weighed conical vial, replace cap and face insert on its down side.

Potters created black glaze, used in black figure and red figure styles of vase painting, by changing oxygen levels in their kilns to manipulate color. At around 900 C in a oxygenated environment, all of the clay is red, owning to the ferric oxide (Fe2O3) found in Attic clay (Noble 1965, 32). By using dry wood, the fire produces carbon dioxide gas (CO2), which is nonreactive with the clay allowing it to remain oxidized. Switching to green wood, or damp sawdust, the fire produces carbon monoxide (CO) gas, which will attempt to bond to oxygen atoms to become CO2, “… in this case with part of the oxygen in the ferric oxide in the clay, turning it into ferrous oxide (FeO), which is black” (Noble 1965, 32). Due to the water vapor from the wet wood,