Integrated Case: D Leon Inc., Part II

Liquidity ratios measure the capability of a business to cover expenses and meet its current and long-term responsibility. These ratios are imperative in order to keep the business alive. Lending institutions are typically unwilling to loan money to a business that finds itself in a cash flow jam, because that is often a sign of poor management. The liquidity is measured with 3 different ratios; current ratio, turnover – of – cash ratio and debt- to equity ratio.

Total asset turnover : This ratio measures the efficiency of a company’s use of its assets

Ratio analysis are useful tools when judging the performance of a company by weighing and evaluating the operating performance (Block-Hirt). There are 13 significant ratios that can separate by four main categories,

Liquidity ratios "measure short-term ability of the company to pay its maturing obligations and to meet unexpected needs for cash" (Kimmel Weygandt, & Kieso, 2007, p. 74). The

At the same time, since PP&E increased, D,D &A had a same trend. As for Working Capital, As Current assets rose more than Current liabilities. The number increased. Also, Net Free Cash Flow cannot be ignored because it showed negative number in 1995, and NFCF is a crucial component to calculate stock price.

Liquidity ratios measure how well a company is able to meet its short term obligations without relying on selling inventory (David, Fred). Starbucks three main components in these current categories are cash, inventory and accrued liabilities. The current ratio indicates that if Starbucks needed to liquidate they would be able to cover their current liabilities. They would be unable to meet their outside obligations without selling off inventory to

Return on assets ratio declined in 2010. This is due to increased total assets in 2010 due to company's acquisition of assets. In 2011, the company had a higher return on equity, which indicates that Lowe’s was able to generate more profit from the money that shareholder invested. The sales generated relative to total assets decreased in 2010, mainly due to reduced sales in 2009 coupled with increased total assets. Fixed asset turnover has been relatively good for Lowes. The ratio indicates how well the company is able to put fixed assets to use in generating sales. Current ratio has improved over past three years indicating a strong trend for the company in its ability to pay its current liabilities with current assets. The long-term debt forms a major part of company's financing. The company reviews its

Liquidity ratios measure the short term ability of a company to pay its obligations and meet their needs for maintaining cash. According to Cagle, Campbell & Jones (2013), “A good assessment of a company’s liquidity is important because a decline in liquidity leads to a greater risk of bankruptcy” (p. 44). Creditors, investors and analysts alike are all interested in a company’s liquidity. After computing liquidity

Ratio analysis are useful tools when judging the performance of a company by weighing and evaluating the operating performance (Block-Hirt). There are 13 significant ratios that can separate by four main categories,

During this period, the Return on Assets increased from 5.7% in 2012 to 34.6% in 2013. This implies the number of cents earned on each dollar of assets increased from 2012 to 2013. This shows that the business has become more profitable. Equally, the Return on Equity also increased from 12.0% in 2012 to 46.5% in 2013. This similarly implies that the company in 2013 was more efficient in generating income from new investment. This, also can be attributed to the sale of the Digital Business Brand which enabled the company appraise its strategic plan.

Before beginning an analysis of a company it is necessary to have a complete set of financial statements, preferably for the pas few years so that historical trends can be obtained. Ratios are a way for anyone to get an idea of the financial performance of a company by using the information contained in the financial statements. Ratios are grouped into four basic categories, liquidity, activity, profitability, and financial leverage. This document will use a variety of these ratios to analyze the firm, Sample Company, as of December 31,2000.

The calculation of ratios is the calculation technique for analyzing a company’s financial performance that divides or standardize one accounting measure by another economically relevant measure. Financial ratios can be used as a tool to demonstrate financial statement users for making valid comparisons of firm operating performance, over time for the same firm and between comparable companies. External investors are mostly interested in gaining insights about a firm’s profitability, asset management, liquidity, and solvency.

The liquidity ratios are a group of ratios that show the relationship of a firm’s cash and other current assets to its current liabilities. This basically means that the ratios measure how well the company is able to pay its short-term obligations and how well they can confront unexpected needs for cash.

For problem B, we chose to calculate cash ratio and current ratio to test Pinnacle’s ability to pay off their short-term debts, accounts receivable turnover to test the liquidity level of their current assets, debt to equity ratio to test their ability to meet their long-term debt obligations, profit margin to test their profitability level. When we started to calculate accounts receivable turnover, we realized we couldn’t come up with an accurate number because we don’t have Pinnacle’s ending accounts receivable balance in 2010 which is also the beginning accounts receivable balance in 2011 in order to calculate the average accounts receivable for year 2011. We had some discussions about how to come up with the closest number as possible. Chen suggested to take the average of changes in 2011-2012 and 2012-2013, but April argues we can’t assume there was an increase from 2010 to 2011 solely based on there were an increase three years in a row from 2011 to 2013. So we decided the closest we could get was just use the accounts receivable account balance in 2011 as the denominator.

Ratio analysis is the fundamental indicator of company’s performances for so many years; it is also can be seen as the very first step to measure a company’s performance along with its financial position. Moreover, ratio analysis has been researched and developed for many years, Bliss had presented the first coherent system of ratios, and he also stated that ratios are “indicator of the status of fundamental relationship within the business” Horrigan (1968). However there are some arguments on whether the ratio analysis is useful or not since to conduct these analyses will be costly to the company, also there are several limitations on how these ratios work. Therefore, the usefulness and the limitation of ratio analysis will be discussed further in this essay, with the use of easyJet’s annual report as examples.