provide the context for the upcoming research and findings. Ecosystem services and Ecosystem-based Management (EBM) will be discussed. The definitions, current methods, benefits, limitations, and challenges will be discussed. The literature review will discuss the unresolved issues or current challenges. This literature review will…discuss scope and limitations. Ecosystem services Ecosystem services are defined as the benefits natural ecosystems supply to human well-being (Elliff and Kikuchi, 2015).
Integrated Water Resources Management There have been several interpretations as well as critisms with the concept of Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM). For instance, Biswas (2008) criticize that the concept cannot be implemented operationally. However, Mitchell B (2004) finds it to be greater at the normative (what ought to be) and strategic (what can be) level which may result to the provision of different framework for different types of approaches. Placht (2007) said that IWRM is
“Warming of the climate system is unequivocal, as is now evident from observations of increases in global average air and ocean temperatures, widespread melting of snow and ice and rising global average sea level” — IPCC’s 4th Assessment Report 1. Introduction There is strong evidence in the global world that climate change is occurring at a rapid pace and its impacts are already being felt in many regions around the world. Climate change is inevitable despite many efforts to reduce greenhouse
environmental policy making requires the analyses of various interweaving aspects which at times is almost impossible when utilizing a single tool under any given circumstance. The primary reason for sustainability planning in Forest Management, Wildlife Conservation and Rangeland Management lies in ensuring natural resources serve the present as well as future population. However, it is impossible to convince the population that is being driven by economic needs to abide by sustainable policies without concrete
out the door there has been much debate over whether or not these crops are truly better for the human body. Another major concern over new farming methods and the advances in agricultural technology is if these corporations can destroy the many ecosystems of our earth just to be able to one up the competition. This is a pressing matter due to the fact that as stated by Usman Chohan, who is involved in finding sustainable agriculture methods for the future and was invited to Pakistan Agricultural
vertical is facing the need of having an integrated business strategy approach. Unlike the earlier days, where the business is driven by the products, today the business is driven by the consumers. Technological advancements, changing lifestyle, economic development, awareness about the products and services and there could be many other such attributes that are factoring to the changing trends of the organization. (Jain, 2013) Having in place an integrated system for the business has become an essential
INTRODUCTION It is well known that approximately 40% of the world’s population lives within 100km of a coastline. Knowing this fully well goes to explain the effect which this population have on the coastal area and the coastal resources (Segal 1997). Generally, coastal population exerts enormous pressure on the marine environment and its resources due to seeking out a livelihood, it is also documented that a considerable percentage of the economy comes from the activities, occupations, and livelihood
local culture is argued as confusing framework for water governance (Tortajada, 2010). It is different in any regions, because of natural challenges, systems of knowledge and variety of needs. In doing so, it may increase the complexity of water management practices, and should be attached to a specific culture (Jackson, 2006, Pahl-Wostl et al., 2008). Arguably, it is not sufficiently valid and reliable to be used to guide water planning and policy. However, water culture provide reflective information
forms of life, from microorganisms to humans to ecosystems alike. Water is a key factor in driving economic and social development within countries, impacting agriculture, energy, sanitation and health, gender equality etc (World Bank, 2014). For these reasons humans have invested an abundant amount of time, labor, and money into perfecting water infrastructures in an effort to provide water services for populations worldwide. Water resource management (WRM) goal is to manage and allocate water resources
other multiple land uses that have resulted in conflicting land use and resource management between the fisheries and resort operators in the coastal areas of the Philippines. If possible, a hybrid case study can be conducted through doing a questionnaire administered by e-mail with two experts in the field of in the Philippines to assess the situation regarding the current policies, land use and resource management. Furthermore, a proposed framework of policies from secondary research can be examined