Integrated Pharmacotherapy

Byerly, W. (2009). Working with the institutional review board. American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy: AJHP: Official Journal Of The American Society Of Health System Pharmacists, 66(2), 176-184. Retrieved from http://library.kaplan.edu/content.php?pid=150035

This made me nervous as to how I was going to communicate with her. My mentor stood back in order to allow me to administer the medications and I felt unable to ask the question, “How do I communicate with this patient?”

During my assessment I used the “Seven principles of good prescribing” to aid my decision making (National Prescribing Centre (NPC) 1999). This structured framework allows the prescriber to assess all appropriate factors and problems and make an informed decision whether to issue a prescription or discuss other options with the patient Humphries (2002). Examples of these options would be offering advice about their condition/problem or informing them that the treatment/items they require would be cheaper over the counter, thus making optimum use of the NHS budget, Prescription Pricing Authority (PPA) (2003).

The key steps involved in evidence based practice come from a thirst for knowledge that once ignited makes the next step to asking a well worded clinical question easier. A well formulated question improves patient outcomes and supports the implementation of change. One such method looks at foreground and background questions. A background question is usually a basic knowledge question and is usually answered by a textbook. Foreground questions are usually specific and once answered can help in clinical changes. An acronym useful for formulating a well worded question is PICOT. ( Stillwell, Fineout-Overholt, Melnyk, Williamson, 2010).

Make the best medicine with best concern which serves best to our valuable patients. Transparency in every step of is highly important as any mistake either willing or unwilling can take a human life

"Children, young people, their parents or legal guardians, and health care professionals in all settings make decisions about medicines based on sound information about risk and benefit. They have access to safe and effective medicines that are prescribed on the basis of the best available evidence" (Caldwell, 2013).

As expert on drugs, it is the responsibility of pharmacist to make drug related intervention when necessary. When on rounds, the rest of the team ask drug related questions from the pharmacist and expect the pharmacist to make recommendations especially on antibiotics stewardship, renal dosing, pharmacokinetics, and pain management. While on rounds, I witnessed pharmacist answer to such call. With less than a year of classes left before I start my APPE, I hope to consolidate on my previous pharmacotherapy knowledge and make valuable improvement in my problem solving skills and critical thinking

In the first hour of today’s lecture, Dr. Schommer introduced today’ topic by an interesting exercise. Actually my English is not that fluent, so I know how difficult it is for a foreigner to understand Americans thoroughly. Regarding patient experience, health care providers should make medication and therapy decisions with the patients equally, and, what is more important is to consistent of the decisions and follow up.

Also, any outside guidelines must be joined with the individual clinical expertise in deciding if and how it matches the patient’s medical state, difficulty, and preferences, and therefore whether it should be applied at all. Evidence-based care involves finding the best outside evidence with which to answer clinical questions, to find out about the accuracy of a diagnostic test, a clinician needs to find correct studies of patients clinically suspected of harboring the applicable disorder, not a randomized trial. For a question about diagnosis, a clinician needs correct follow-up readings of patients collected at an even, early point in the clinical course of their illness, and sometimes the evidence that is required will come from the basic knowledge such as inheritances, immunology and basic pathophysiology. It is when asking questions about therapy that people should try to avoid the non-experimental methods, since these quite often lead to false-positive conclusions about efficacy, because the trial, and particularly the systematic review of several trials, is so much more likely to notify us and so much less likely to misinform us, it has become the gold standard for judging whether a treatment actually

Throughout the course I have demonstrated critical thinking in lab, during simulations, and during clinicals at the long term facility. Upon gathering information, I use my knowledge and experiences to analyze the situation, apply my skills, and evulate the situation for a effective solution. To progress as an evidenced-based practioner, I demonstrate client-centered care, implement safety precautions, rely on assertive communication, and document appropriately. Through critically thinking and using an evidenced-based practice, I began to progress as an innovate professional. To illustrate innovating professionalism, I openly communicate and collaborate with others involved in patient care. I ensure patient confidentiality, ethical and moral values, and seek to provide safe, quality patient

The competent staff uses their knowledge while answering study related questions or concerns arose during the trial, which develop personal relationships with the patients by building trust during educating them. The parents freely ask questions about the new drug to the staff due to the trust built on their knowledge and educate themselves. Rather than quitting from trial, patients prefer to ask questions to the staff due to the personal relationship and trust developed in, with their knowledge. The questions get satisfactorily answered if the staff is competent. Additionally with the personal relationship, the cost, flexibility and appreciations are important factors in patient retention. Providing reimbursement for transport or if patient

The healthcare field is constantly changing and progressing, with new theories on diseases, technological advances, patient care trends, new and revised protocols, medical breakthroughs and research findings. Added to that are the vast amounts of information affecting how we practice and provide patient care. Continuing learning ensures me competency in practice and increasing my commitment to my profession and

The diagram accurately depicts the role of the pharmacist as a part of health care team in the patient care. The diagram illustrates the core process of the patient centered care in a systematic flow. The document has efficiently stated each and every step with the brief description starting from the collection of the data to the follow-up and evaluation. While describing each and every step in the process of patient care, it also states the importance of collaboration with other health care providers. It also states the importance of engagement and effective communication with the patient and their caregivers. The diagram depicts the role of the pharmacist in the collection of information and assessing the information to plan for the medication

Throughout the Fall and Spring semesters of 2015 and 2016, respectively, I actively participated, learned and experienced the essentials of Nonprescription Pharmacotherapy. The course comprised of three experiences: (1) didactic learning in the classroom, (2) hands-on-learning with a plethora of over-the-counter (OTC) products available in the laboratory, and (3) real world experiences counseling customers in the aisles of Walgreens pharmacy stores. The didactic learning allowed me to expand my knowledge of the variety of ailments individuals may encounter, as well as, the appropriate OTC medications that can alleviate and/or prevent those ailments. I pieced together how to recommend an appropriate treatment to a patient based on their characteristics and desires. Furthermore, I can demonstrate and describe the strengths and weaknesses of the products available. To further enhance my knowledge, the utilization of the products helped accentuate my abilities to recommend them to customers. I am now able to describe how they taste, and understand the simplicity or complexity of the utilization of different products, as well. The conglomeration of this information allows me to personalize the recommendations I make to customers based on their needs, characteristics and other important factors. Each additional factor that I learn helps make the recommendation more beneficial to the patient and assuages any suffering they may be enduring. Lastly, the most pertinent

The findings in this study can be very helpful for a pharmacist to manage conflicts with the patients. Since the study concludes that collaborative style is the most effective, I will implement this style and avoid getting into aggressive arguments with the patients. If there is a problem, I will allow the patients to present their views and then I will present my views. Thus, there will be an open dialogue between us. As I will patiently listen to the patient, the patients will perceive me as caring and patient. This will lead to the development of trust. As the patient will trust me, he/she will be more compliant with the medication therapy. Moreover, I will use the collaborative style in case of a conflict with a co-worker. Since we will come to a mutually satisfying solution by communicating, the patient will feel that his suggestion is valued. This, in turn, will lead to increased job satisfaction.