Integration of Nanotechnology and Biotechnology

John Bell, James. "Nanotechnology Will Contribute to a "Singularity"" Nanotechnology. Ed. Jacqueline Langwith. Detroit: Greenhaven, 2010. Opposing Viewpoints. Rpt. of "Exploring the Singularity." Futurist 1 June 2003: n. pag. Opposing Viewpoints in Context. Web. 7 Oct. 2015. .

The great part of technology is there is always room for progression. As a universe we grow to learn each new system as they come about. Most of these new alternatives that are emerging are coming from the fields of biotechnology, hi-res scanning, and computer science (Dvorsky, 2012, pg. 525). Instead of using animal test subjects, they are able to use the upcoming technology from these fields to better the life of the animals. They are now using cell based in-vitro models allowing them to test anything from toxicity of drugs, to chemicals, and even cosmetics (Dvorsky, 2012, pg. 525). Scientist have even gone as far as developing a lab grown liver that is used to break down chemicals (Dvorsky, 2012, pg.

Nanotechnology is a term of two words: the first word is “Nano” and derives from the Greek word “Nanos” and it means “Dwarf” or something very small. The second word is “Technology” and it means applied application of knowledge in a certain field. So nanotechnology is the technology of very small substances, and it specializes in treating the substance on the Nano measure to produce new, useful, and unique resultants in its properties [22-23].The Nano is a unique measuring unit and from the physical and mathematical point of view, the Nano equals one part of a billion of the measured unit. The nanometer (nm) equals a part of a billion part of a meter. Thus, it is 10-9 of a meter. The Nano is used as a measuring unit for very minute particles [24-26].

Technology is the driving force of health care (Williams & Torrens, page 362). William & Torrens describes it as the health care systems delivery mechanism for developing the nation’s biological research laboratories and clinical practices (page 362). The development, testing, and distribution of technological advances are fundamental to improving the nation’s health (Williams & Torrens, page 363). For example in Chapter One we discussed the development of health care technology by an industrial group. Health technologies can be seen to range from the simplest new variation on a previously standard medication to the development of an entirely new medication or device (Williams & Torrens, page 21). Cost-benefit analysis and other analytical techniques must be utilized along with clinical evaluations to keep technology in proper perspective (Williams & Torrens, page 363). Technological changes that have occurred in recent years recognize our greatest biological achievements (Williams & Torrens, page 363).

Technology is the fastest growing industry of our Time, and no other field has seen the fast paced growth in Technology more than the medical field. Many beneficial aspects have come from such growth. From data collection and research to treatments. Technology in the medical field is far beyond what anyone could have ever imagined possible and it is not slowing down anytime soon.

Developments in the field of genetics, information technologies, and nanotechnology show a more individualized approach to healthcare – often outside the hospital setting, while we have already seen the rise of user-centric healthcare and increasing patient empowerment. Concepts such as ‘the average patient’ are now viewed as outdated. Standards within modern medical systems are measured by different parameters, including: patient access to the best-available

In the year 2000, the National Institute of Health (NIH) started the National Nanotechnology Initiative (NNI) as a federal government program for facilitating and promoting the different nanoscience related research. In order to accomplish the target the NNI was launched as a broad program. The main aim behind of establishing the NNI was to coordinating and supporting the study, design, and exploration of nanomaterial. With extensive effort and support of NNI, the research related to health science was highly influenced and become revolutionized. Due to this impact the US government given the financial support to a good deal of research and development program and launched the interdisciplinary research. The new concept ‘Nanomedicine’ is also a result of merging the ‘Nanoscience and Nanotechnology’ discipline with ‘Medicine’. Similarly, the pharmaceutical scientist also adopted a terminology ‘Nanoscience’, and created the ‘Nanopharmaceuticals’ [1].

Nanotechnology involves the handling of functional systems at a very small scale (Bamrungsap, Zhao, Chen, Wang, Fu, Tan & Li, 2012). When talking about nanotechnology in relation to health, it can commonly be referred to as nanomedicine. Nanotechnology, specifically nanoparticles, have had a recent uprising in research studies. Fortunately new studies are proving to show how nanoparticles can aid in the diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer. The correlation between both lung cancer and nanotechnology in modern day medicine, is believed to be very beneficial to patients and doctors

Nanotechnology, the manipulation of matter on the molecular scale, can be applied to numerous scientific fields, such as medicine, surface chemistry, micro fabrication, and organic chemistry (Destito, Schneemann & Manchester, 2009). In general, these small-sized particles are used to improve the functioning of commercial products and, in the subsection of nanomedicine, are used for therapeutics, tumor targeting, and vaccines (Crisci, Bárcena & Montoya, 2012). For example, the use of molecular nanotechnology improves vehicle fuel cells and catalytic converters, helps filter wastewater, and strengthens commercial products, such as bowling balls and glue. (Doll et. al., 2012). Harisinghani, through multiple experiments, also discovered that nanoparticles such as iron oxide can be used to image lymph nodes in patients with prostate cancer (Destito et. al., 2009). However, even with their vast range of applications, nanotechnology continues to raise issues on its toxicity and negative impact on the environment (Destito et. al., 2009).

Today, nanotechnology research and development is quite wide spread, although not high profile yet. Numerous universities, such as Univ. of Washington and Northwestern Univ., have established centers and institutes to study nanotechnology, and the U.S. government has created an organization, the National Nanotechnology Initiative (NNI), to monitor and guide research and development in this field. In fact, as noted in an April 2001 Computerworld article, the Bush administration increased funding to nanoscale science research by 16% through its National Science Foundation (NSF) budget increase. DARPA (Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency) and the NSF are currently the two largest sources of funding for nanotechnology research and have an enormous influence on the direction of scientific research done in the United States. With so many resources dedicated to its development, nanotechnology will surely have an impact within our lifetime, so it is

Nanotechnology is the development of atoms in a certain object. Nanotechnology has become very popular in the past few years. It is a way to rebuild the systems of life. To make systems move faster than ever before. Nanometer is about 10 times the size of an atom. Each of these has a huge effect on a system. Still there are questions out there that keep people wondering how important nanotechnology is to us. Many wonder how will it affect them and if we should continue this research. I myself wondered about nanotechnology. After researching this topic I have learned new and interesting facts to help me understand the entire concept.

Technology has been changing the modern world in drastic ways, those of which have affected many industries. Communication, banking, music, the writing world, cars, and security are all examples of industries that rely heavily on technology in one form or another. One of the most important roles technology plays is in the medical field. For instance, the development of medical equipment, pharmaceuticals, body imaging, and much more have made remarkable impacts on improving the health of countless lives. Because of these advancements, healthcare professionals have been able to discover new diagnoses, vaccines, surgical procedures, and improve the overall care given to patients. Medical technology has been advancing rapidly resulting in saving lives, increasing longevity, and improving the quality of life.

     The term, Nanotechnology, was first introduced back in the mid 1970’s by a Japanese researcher named Norio Taniguchi to

Medical Technology is a wide field where advancement assumes a critical part in supporting wellbeing. Regions like Biotechnology, Pharmaceuticals, Data innovation, the improvement of medicinal gadgets and hardware, and more have all made noteworthy commitments to enhancing the soundness of individuals all around the globe. From little advancements like bandages and ankle braces, to larger more complex technologies like MRI machines, artificial organs, and robotic prosthetic limbs, technology has without a doubt had an amazing impact on medicine.

This paper depicts on case study of NANOROBOTS IN HUMAN BODY which comes from NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY, the science which deals with production of ‘new’ materials and devices from precise placement used in biology.