Intelligence By Robert Sternbergs Triarchic Theory Of Intelligence

Ever since Spearman proposed the intelligence theory with G factor, there were several other intelligence theories proposed in response or as an alternative to Spearman’s. Among those, Sternberg’s Triarchic Theory of Intelligence and Gardner’s Multiple Intelligence Theory would be the most influential ones as they are widely accepted and used in real life. Both of the theories share a critical view towards the unitary perspective which is the traditional definition of intelligence. However, the two theories differ in which they don’t agree with what factors should be the measures of intelligence, as well as the emphasis of the two theories.

In “A Rounded Version: The Theory of Multiple Intelligences”, Howard Gardner illustrates how there are a variety of intelligences. Gardner starts off with an example how IQ tests may predict achievement in school but may not predict achievement in life. After finding out certain parts of the brain are responsible for certain functions, such as “Broca’s Area” which is responsible for sentence production, Gardner proposes the existence of multiple intelligences. Multiple studies later led him to propose seven distinct intelligences; Musical, bodily-kinesthetic, logical-mathematical, linguistic, spatial, interpersonal, and intrapersonal. Each intelligence has certain classifications. According to Gardner’s classifications, I realized my intelligences are bodily-kinesthetic, logical-mathematical, and intrapersonal.

Gottfredson, (1997) stated that intelligence is ‘a very general mental capability that, among other things, involves the ability to reason, plan, solve problems, think abstractly, comprehend complex ideas, learn quickly and learn from experience.

Stages of cognitive and moral development, Interests and learning styles, and Howard Gardner’s Theory of Multiple Intelligences

Intelligence by definition is “the ability to acquire and apply knowledge and skills” (Oxford Dictionary, 2014). However, many psychologists argue that there is no standard definition of ‘intelligence’, and there have been many different theories over time as psychologists try to find better ways to define this concept (Boundless 2013). While some believe in a single, general intelligence, others believe that intelligence involves multiple abilities and skills. Another largely debated concept is whether intelligence is genetically determined and fixed, or whether is it open to change, through learning and environmental influence. This is commonly known as the nature vs. nurture debate.

In this essay I am writing of intelligence and how it is in correlates to the book Flowers for Algernon. My main points of this essay are to identify the effects if knowledge. I believe that our society today we do not put enough importance on intelligence. Learning can both benefit and harm us mentally. With intelligence, we can be a genius but happy at the same time.

Robert Sternberg’s theory of intelligence is the triarchic theory of intelligence. The triarchic theory describes three different types of intelligences that a person can possess. The first type of intelligence is practical intelligence which relates to how you react to your ability to adapt to it or change it to suit your needs. Practical intelligence is the ability

Intelligence as defined by the Cambridge dictionary is the ability to learn, understand, and make judgments or have opinions that are based on reason.1 There is much debate and controversy on this subject and psychologists do not all agree upon a standard definition. Yet, one of the very first definitions of intelligence was developed by the psychologists responsible for the development of the first intelligence test, Binet and Simon (1905) who argued that the essence of intelligence is: ‘to judge well, to comprehend well, to reason well’.2 Another sample definition was provided later by Heim, in 1970, who argued that ‘intelligent activity consists in grasping the essentials in a situation and responding appropriately to them’.3 There are also arguments surrounding how many different types of intelligence there are, as well as the intelligence theories of psychology. However elusive, we can ascertain that all psychologists have universally agreed upon general intelligence (g), an expression devised by the English psychologist Charles Spearman and defined as ‘a mental attribute called on for virtually any task’.4 This essay will inform the reader of the different methods proposed and used by psychologists to assess ability and discuss their evaluations.

It wasn’t until the year 1920 that different types of intelligence were defined. It was proposed by a man named EL Thorndike, and he separated the different types of intelligence into three categories: abstract, mechanical, and social intelligence. Years later, it was argued that social intelligence is somewhat

I am going to provide real-world examples for three types of intelligence as theorized by Gardner: verbal/linguistic, body-kinesthetic (movement), and logical/mathematical. I'll explain why each example represents one of the types of intelligence and present argumentative critics that have been offered against Gardner's research.

In chapter eight, there are many definitions of intelligence. Many of the theorists such as Gardner and Sternberg are known to measure intelligence in a more successful way than standardized testing can. Intelligence is the ability to learn and adapt to new situations in an individual’s life. The certain behaviors reflect the outcome. Intelligence can determine how smart an individual is by the measurements of numerous tests that are given throughout life such as different abilities, skills, cognitive abilities, nonverbal intelligence, Peabody individual test and many other tests.

The three- stratum model is collaborated of level system of cognitive abilities that is utilized to assessed intelligence (Sternberg, 1999). The Gardner theory is compiled of multiple independent constructs that measure intelligence; it evaluates an individual’s intelligence through an ones strength (Sternberg, 1999). The ranks are all on different systems of functioning that identify ones strengths. The Triarchic theory is comprised of intelligence that reflects on practical, analytical and creative (Sternberg,

He believed that an individual can have multiple intelligences which can help individuals solve problems, created things as well as deal with cultures to name a few. He believed that these multiple intelligences came forth when needed and each were separate than each other. He described eight different intelligences regarding certain situations. Now Sternberg came up with triarchic theory which counteracts Gardner’s theory by stating that some of the eight intelligences are actually talents instead. Sternberg came up with three forms which deal with mental processes of learning, creativity as well as practicality. He calls these three types of intelligences the “successful intelligences”. There are multiple ways in order to describe intelligences and how you perceive them.

The theory of multiple intelligences was developed by Dr. Howard Gardner in 1983. The Theory of Multiple Intelligences is a critique of the standard psychological view of intellect: there is a single intelligence, adequately measured by IQ or other short answer tests. Instead, on the basis of evidence from disparate sources, the theory claims that human beings have a number of relatively discrete intellectual capacities. IQ tests assess linguistic and logical-mathematical intelligence, and sometimes spatial intelligence; they are a reasonably good predictor of who will do well in school. This is because humans have several other significant intellectual capacities (Harvard University).

(Sternberg and Salovey) who have taken a wider view on intelligence and give terms of