Intelligence During The Cold War

After World War II American intelligence had the need to be transformed. The inexperience along with bureaucracy and poor coordination among American intelligence officers obligated the United States intelligence community to change dramatically in order to confront the new challenges that emerged after the end of WWII. From Early America through WWI the intelligence system of the United States of America was involved in operations in which they had to construct intelligence systems virtually from scratch (Andrew 1995). Human intelligence was already developed, but with certain limitations and other intelligence disciplines were underdeveloped and very seldom sophisticated. After WWI America recessed and settled in a period of peace. The

The 9/11 attacks opened the avenue for a scrutiny of the performance and ability of the intelligence community to detect any threats to the safety of the United States. The media, politicians, reformists and other interested parties would not comprehend how such an attack would happen without the knowledge of the intelligence community. However, it is important to consider the fact that the attack was one of its kind and could not be approached with the resources and expertise used in other initiative such as the cold war. Therefore, the need to restructure the intelligence community arose from the view that it was still operating in the mindset and spirit of the cold war even in the modern era that had seen a revolutionary change of warfare

The intelligence community has undergone some major changes in the past thirty years. During the cold war this section of defense had massive funding. There needed to be an ability to predict what the Soviet Union was planning to do and what they were actually doing in order to prevent a nuclear war. After this period in time ended there was again large changes. The budget to the intelligence community was cut astronomically because there was perceived to be less of a threat to the United States (“9/11 Intelligence Failures Report”, 2002). This misperception was actually due to a lack of ability to shift to a new changing threat. This mind set allowed many unwelcomed risks to enter into the United States.

After Pearl Harbor the intelligence communities primary function was to ensure that a catastrophe of that scale would not occur again. During the cold war, the largest threat to the U.S was a nuclear war with the Soviet Union, so an extremely large percentage of intelligence assets were focused on observing the Soviet nuclear program (Bukharin,

This stipulation proves that the federal government expected a great need for protection against communism during this time. Another requirement was that one employee, either the Director of Central Intelligence, the deputy Director of Central Intelligence, or the Deputy Director of Central intelligence for Community Management must be a commissioned officer of the armed forces, or have experience with military intelligence. The intertwining of the military and intelligence services was necessary to fight Cold War communism, as it was not a war in the traditional sense, with battles, but the US still needed protection against spies and potential attacks. Also established by the National Security Act was a Counterintelligence Policy Board, which coordinated national intelligence programs to chart protect against foreign threats, designate resources to programs, and provide counterintelligence options to the president. The National Security Act as a whole demonstrates that intelligence services were then considered an integral part of national security. Intelligence centered-programs gained a large say in the safety of American ideals including democracy and capitalism as Soviet espionage became a major danger in the eyes of the federal

Skilt took a deep breath, pulled back the arrow in his bow, aimed, and prayed to the great spirit that he would hit his target as he released his breath, and the arrow.

There has been a lot of contention on the matter of spies and whistleblowers since the cold war to today. Recent acts of espionage have the public questioning government, on the acts it has taken with these widespread criminals. The practice or act of spying to discover military and political secrets of other nations can also be known as committing espionage. During the cold war many spies sought out secrets of other countries for military and political information.

Intelligence was only gathered on foreign military forces up until J Edgar Hoover’s FBI was tasked with watching radical groups who may have something to do with national security as we know it today; only the FBI’s role in IC ended with the outbreak of WWII (Moore

The Intelligence Community is a cooperative federation of sixteen separate United States government agencies that worked separately and together on matters of foreign relations and national security. One of these agencies is the Central Intelligence Agency which is to collect, analyze, evaluate, disseminate foreign intelligence to assist the President and senior US government policymakers in making decisions relating to national security. Therefore this paper will discuss Central Intelligence Agency history and the role it plays in combating acts of terrorism.

Intelligence is both a procedure and an item and has assumed an essential part in discretion and fighting all through history. In the data age, intelligence has undertaken a much more noteworthy vitality. However in the mainstream media, the part, means, and reason for intelligence is regularly distorted, best case scenario. Just a modest division of intelligence officers perform covert intelligence assemble ing. They don't kill individuals, convey weapons or even wear trench layers. The larger part of the intelligence group completes its unremarkable undertakings at a work station and, while intelligence alone can- not stop the following terrorist assault, it is the basic initial phase in distinguishing and conceivably keeping

The advent of high-altitude reconnaissance, to include aerial and satellite platforms, had at least as much impact on US intelligence efforts as the Ultra SIGINT intelligence program had on Allied intelligence efforts during World War II - possibly even greater. The “Iron Curtain” of the Cold War served to not only keep people in, but prevent almost any attempted penetration by Western intelligence agencies. Western powers knew the Soviet Union had ambitions to spread communism to neighboring nations and intended to do what they could to minimize and contain the communist swell. In order to succeed, the United States would have to better understand Soviet intentions and capabilities as well as deter the Soviet threat through military posture.

In terms of national security and intelligence work the Cold War is truly over. This does not mean the United States is not currently involved in situations that are similar. During the Cold War the U.S was involved in political hostility with a major state, the Soviet Union. The Cold War was fought on a number of different battlefields though proxy wars between major states. The proxy wars involved direct military actions by one side while the other side funded the enemy. We can see an example of this type of conflict in the Vietnam War. These conflicts also involved a much larger footprint than we currently see in examples today.

Intelligence is a dependable instrument of its own to generate information that establishes the base of National Security in the United States. Intelligence has been used since the beginning of history to provide information on enemy threats and how to prevent a mass disasters. It has been used for wars, national security, military tactics, etc. Intelligence has been available since the revolutionary war and our first president George Washington and other leaders of the world have used intelligence to protect their countries. Intelligence is the dominant and the backbone of homeland Security and it is ceaseless learning about it. National Intelligence agents train tirelessly to fight and create

The intelligence community of the United States have seen their processes, tactics, capabilities, and technology transform over the decades since the Cold War. The Cold War was a trying time of capabilities and the development of them. One intelligence discipline in particular saw large development was that of geospatial intelligence (GEOINT). Geospatial intelligence is defined by the Title 10 U.S. Code §467 the “intelligence about the human activity on earth derived from the exploitation and analysis of imagery and geospatial information that describes, assesses, and visually depicts physical features and geographically referenced activities on the Earth.” (National Research Council 2006).

Counterintelligence (CI) involves actions aimed at protecting the United States against foreign intelligence operations and espionage from penetration and disruption by hostile nations or their intelligence services (Lowenthal, 2014). Three main components of Counterintelligence include collection, defensive and offensive. The collection is the ability to gather intelligence information about rivalry capabilities against own nation; defensive part of CI involves measures to prevent and thwart other nations ' attempts to penetrate into own nation 's intelligence system; while an offensive aspect deal with running double agents to penetrate, manipulate, exploit, and control targeted adversaries. CI is said to be the most essential aspect of the intelligence disciplines, in the sense that it helps in collecting vast quantities of secret information and produce an excellent analysis of intelligence, although, ineffective counterintelligence measures may diminish confidence in the final results (Van Cleave, 2013).