Essay on International Conflict

Instinctivist theories on human aggressiveness often promote the notion that warfare is in the nature of humankind and therefore cannot be prevented. However Margaret Mead eloquently refuted this idea in her renowned essay Warfare: an Invention – Not a Biological Necessity. Mead states, “War is inevitable unless we change our social system and outlaw classes, the struggle for power, and possessions; and in the event of our success warfare would disappear, as a symptom vanishes when the disease is cured.” Through this statement Mead makes it clear that because aggression and subsequently warfare is a learned invention, it can be avoided. For the purposes of this essay, aggression will be defined as “a response that delivers noxious stimuli to another organism.” This essay will outline how and why aggression, and thus warfare, is not biological and is rather a behaviour that is learned as a reaction to social stimuli. Furthermore, it will be explained that violence is used by societies as a political weapon to achieve ostensible objectives.

There are roughly 800,000 people living within the United States that is under the protection of an executive order during the Obama administration called Deferred Action Against Childhood Arrivals, or DACA. These children, commonly referred to as “Dreamers,” have grown up in the United States. They attended elementary school here, many graduated high school here, and many went on to become successful adults living in the United States, but as of September 5th, 2017 the DACA program was shut down by the Trump administration, pending a trial in Congress. This means that those hundreds of thousands of individuals living under the DACA arm will no longer be legal residents in the United States.

Conflict will always exist in the modern world. One of the biggest motivators in the approach to conflict is fear. Conflict shapes the formation and intensity of fear. Fear can bring about ideas or actions that one normally would not ever think or implement.As fear builds up people will often go to extremes to try as much as possible to mitigate their fear. Eventually fear grows so large that it may consume all of one’s thoughts. This will motivate someone to resort to desperate plans to try and assuage their fear. The fear caused by war can do many things to the human body mentally and physically. In “ All The Light We Cannot See”, Anthony Doerr proves in times of conflict, fear becomes one of the motivating factors.

All through history, clashes between countries has been unavoidable. Indeed, even a large number of the littlest nations appear to need military insurance. Couple of nations however have been included in clashes enduring over fifty years and never really been in a fight verse each other. The Americans and the Russians had been companions for a century, then in 1917, when communists seized power and set up the Soviet Union and announced ideological war on the countries in the west, they got to be adversaries to the Americans. The United States declined to perceive the soviet Union as a state until 1933. The two nations battled Germany in World War 2 as associates.

There are moments in our history where the citizens of the world stand up and for their beliefs, their honor, and themselves. They come together to reform the existing government that is holding them back from achieving their desired lifestyle. When this occurs, most likely, war is inevitable to follow. When war comes to a country, death and destruction is destined. Leaders and rules change, but the pride of its citizens prevails and becomes

International conflict refers to violent conflicts between two nation states who are fighting outside their borders. Conflicts between two countries can occur for several reasons. In the past, international conflicts like great wars were fought for power and control over the world. A superior country would wage war against a country with equal or less strength and whoever has the strongest military force would typically win the battle. In most cases, if the lesser country did not have the power to win the war an alliance would be formed to help the weaker state. World War I and World War II are prime example of different countries forming alliance with each other for self-gain. Wilde mentioned, “by 1914, the six major powers of Europe were split into two alliances, which would – with the exception of Italy –

Freud in his response to a letter sent to him by Albert Einstein said that war is an appropriate response method for achieving peace (Freud 177). He says this meaning that eventually there will be created, through wars, powerful government force that will help keep the peace (Freud 177). Others like Gandhi pose a much different view. He says that a thief will stop stealing out of fear of punishment, but that is the only reason he will stop stealing. If the fear of punishment were to go away, he would resume stealing (Gandhi 277-278). Looking at this in light of Freud’s idea it would seem that he proposes more of a false peace. This theory, in this instance at least, puts to rest more or less that war or force is a valid method of achieving peace. Real peace stems from understanding and communication, not from rules, force and craving power. The next idea to come into play is another Gandhian idea. Gandhi proposes the theory that history is only the record of dispute and conflict between people and groups, in other words wars (Gandhi 281). Following this path, it can be reasoned that humans are not naturally warlike. If history is simply a record of dispute it means that when there are no disputes humans are living peacefully, which would seem to indicate that that natural state of living is a peaceful one (Gandhi 281). Assuming this is true that would mean that the major powers of the world in the early twentieth century did not go to war because they were ignorant of peaceful practices because by Gandhian philosophy peace is the norm. This would then mean that whatever drove the societies of the world to war during this time was something foreign from the norm. It would have been something learned at a base level of society. This can be backed up by using the analogy of a tree. The tree does not fall over when its top most branches are rotten, the tree falls

Furthermore, intrastate conflict which is often ethnic conflict has a greater tie to territory and resources. Things like territory for an ethnic groups has specific relation to identity likewise for the state territory in the resources that come for it are their sign of power. This makes territory an indivisible good that cannot be divided unless one actor suffers a significant loss making war almost inevitable because conflict becomes all or nothing. However, some literature rebuffs ideas that conflict is unavoidable by presenting evidence of how actors irrational behavior can be

Countries in the Middle East has been engaging in wars for 2,000 years. Such conflicts are caused by ethnicity, religion, ownership of land and even oil production. Each nation states their disagreements to each other on these factors, therefore sparking up a civil or an international war. In addition, these wars have taken their tolls on the economies and political structures of the fighting countries. An example of this is the country of Iraq. I will start off with religion. There are two sects of Islam called the Sunni and Shia Muslims living adjacently. They separated due to disputes soon after the death of the Prophet Muhammad over who should lead the Muslim community. They were in a state of agreement on the fundamental principles and

I think that there is always more than one cause of war this is because countries wouldn’t just go to war because of land they would go because there is also oil and natural resources that could be very

Humanitarian intervention has been debated since long time ago, since the end of Cold War. This issue has been a good point in International Relation studies. Many intervene has been done before and it was started in Rwanda and Balkans genocide tragedies in 1994. This dispute happened between the Hutu and Tutsi, ethnic group from Rwanda. Hutu extremist blamed Tutsi bring a lot of bad social impact to the country, they were also accused as the people behind rebel group named Rwanda Patriotic Front (RPF). In 1992 the tension between two ethnic became hotter than ever by the use of propaganda and politic maneuver by Habyarimana and its group. The tension reach its point in 1994 when a helicopter carried Habyarimana was shot down, and the violence began immediately after that. Hutu starting to collect their people and launched an attack to Tutsi, and everyone who try to slow, oppose or even stop their action killed, include political leaders and their own people, the Hutu. All the people who’s Tutsi and even suspected as a Tutsi was killed, entire family murdered, kids died, woman brutally raped, a mass destruction of humanity. From the beginning in 6 April 1994 and weeks after that, 800.000 men, woman, and child died. This resulted because of the elite promote fear and hatred to make themselves ruling the government, and make them keep their power. They believe by made extermination campaign would create a solidarity within the country, but in other hand, it just create a

think the solution that we as humans to seek out order in our minds we go to war. True

Why do wars arise and recurrence? Why do history always repeat itself? Especially when it comes down to cases where choices that are involved to create these wars are tangled by individuals who are very careful and great rational actors. There are many questions and many answers to this question. One of the causes of war many believe it’s true when wars come about is that a war cost cannot overpoweringly be high. By that I mean in the eyes of the individuals making the decisions there must be some reasonable situations such as expected gains from the war. Gains such as resources they can possibly receive after the war such as glory, power, money, respect, territory, fame, and so forth surpass the predictable prices of the war. Including anticipated damages to things such as individual’s lives and their properties.

(Maiese, 2003) In her article discussing causes of political conflict put these conflicts under the category of “ intractable conflicts “ because under her analysis these remain unresolved for longer periods of time and eventually become stuck with vulnerable intensity and destructiveness. These conflicts involve many parties and concern an intricate

Conflict occurs when people disagree with each other whether it be what one is doing, saying or even believes. Often times this leads to violence from the opposing sides who are trying to stop the other. When it takes place at the level of it being a global conflict involving countries then the violence tends to be catastrophic resulting in many lives lost and others injured. Countries have conflicts within itself, for example, the American Civil War when the North and South were fighting each other. This conflict derived from the policy of slavery when the North wanted to abolish while the South wanted to keep their slaves. The Rohingya crisis is similar in that it is a conflict happening within the country of Myanmar, but it is over the Rohingya people not being recognized as citizens.