International Franchising

1. Franchisees gain numerous advantage when they purchase a franchise. First, while a franchisee may be opening a new store, it is part of an already established business and system. This means a franchisee has access to turnkey operations, allowing an increased speed to establishing and growing the business. Franchisees also get support for management and training activities, as well as financial assistance. Going hand in hand with this, a franchise already has an established brand name, quality of goods and service which have been standardized across the franchisor’s larger company, and national advertising programs from franchisors. Franchises also have large-volume, centralized buying power. A franchise has proven products, and

McDonald's has successfully created a brand/name for itself as the leading fast food retailer in the world. It is somewhat of impossibility for one to not come across a McDonald's with over 30,000 local restaurants in over 100 countries (McDonald's, 2011). Those restaurants are owned either by a franchise owner or a corporation; a percentage of all the earnings from a franchise owner, including a percentage from their annual revenue go to McDonald's.

Franchising is a business model that allows companies to rapidly expand their market share. According to Franchise.com (2015), there are three types of franchises: distributorships, trademark licensing, and business format franchises. When two organizations enter into a distributorship, the originating company provides the rights another company to sell their products. An example of a distributorship is when an auto manufacturing company grants rights to a dealership to sell their vehicles (Franchise.com, 2015). Trademark licensing is when one company allows another company to use their trademark (Franchise.com, 2015). The business format franchise authorizes franchisees to sell the parent company’s products and/or services as well as utilize their business model. This type of franchising is the most common and is the type needed to obtain to open a new Cold Stone Creamery.

Introduction Opening up a business such as a franchise can carry many risks, both financially and personally but can also be very rewarding and challenging. Some people make a decent living, some end up rich, then again, plenty of people fail. (MSNMoney, 2014) There are many advantages of owning a franchise. Some advantages are that you have association with a well-established brand, reputation and product or service, access to established standard procedures, operating manuals and stock control systems.

Franchising is defined as “a commercial agreement between a party that owns a trade name or trademark (the franchisor) and party that sells or distributes goods or services using that trade name or trademark (the franchisee) (Kubasek et al., 2015, p. 431). There are key advantages for choosing a franchise when starting a new business. First, there is many times instant brand awareness that is identifiable by potential customers, which you as a new owner do not have to concentrate on building. Secondly, on-going marketing of your business is backed by the power of the established brand, and could be as simple as contributing a fee to a advertising fund that is driven by the franchisor. Thirdly, the Return on Investment (ROI) will most likely be faster as the customers are “ready-made” and eager to buy your product or service. Fourthly, the franchise model provides a built-in support model, both from the franchisor and from other franchisees throughout the region and nation. Lastly, the franchise will provide consistent and extensive training in every aspect of the business (Goldberg, 2015).

This Literature review explains if a franchise is high or low risk way of entering into a market. It also explains whether a franchisee is suited for a certain franchise. Franchises can be seen all over the world, with everyone being introduced to them, as consumers, from a young age (Longenecker et al., 2011). Thomas and Seid (2000) agree with this and believes due to it, people think they understand a lot more about a franchise than they actually do, creating myths about the rate of success and the ease of entry. Antitrust Law and Economics of Product Distribution (2006, p.5) defines a franchise in a 3 part way as, “(1) a franchisee (a) offers, sells or distributes a franchisor’s goods or services, which are identified by

Franchising is a well-known business and commerce procedure that brings together the title-holder of recognized merchandise with another business or products. This system is readily used by small businesses and companies to provide as a mean to provide authentication and support for their business by having a brand name of a well-known company associated with it. However like most business entry strategies franchising to has some

The Advantages and Disadvantages of Franchising in France 1 Running head: International Trade: Licensing and Franchising The Advantages and Disadvantages of Franchising in France Presented by: Deon E. Boswell Of Team McWorld University of Maryland University College AMBA606 November 4, 2005 The Advantages and Disadvantages of Franchising in France 2 Executive Summary The tremendous growth in franchising over the last decade can be traced directly to the explosion of growth in international trade and globalization. As organizations, attempt to enter new markets they are finding that direct investment via subsidiary creation is an expensive proposition and that their capital expenditures could be used for other opportunities

2.1. The risk of failure in a franchise business in Brazil is very low compared to non-franchise businesses. This assertion is made based on a source (Geromel, 2012) that included this statement as part of an article claiming that franchising is the best way of investing in Brazil. The source supports the claim that franchising is a good investment in Brazil by

After buying the franchise the Franchisee has duties and responsibilities have the rights to Operate the franchise as an owner. Also, the franchisee must follow a set of rules that is given by the franchisor. The franchisee must use trademarks or trade dress of the franchise. For example, McDonald’s has a huge M, the golden arches, on their stores and that is the trademark that has to be used, and cannot be changed from the franchisees or it will be a breach of contract that could lead to a huge lawsuit which is not a good thing. The franchise has option to determine when the contract could end. There is a fixed period of time and they even have the option for renewal to keep the franchise growing.

McDonald’s spends thousands of dollars annually to research how to grow their outlets and attract more customers. As a result, McDonald’s has decided to use franchising to grow the restaurants in China. China’s outlets are only 10% franchisee owned. So, McDonald’s has begun to turn its attention to creating more outlets in China that are franchised. According to Chron.com, there are many advantages to franchising McDonald’s. “McDonald's has been a leader in the fast-food market for decades, boasting one of the U.S.’s most memorable brands, products and mascots. Owning a McDonald's franchise can be safer than lesser-known franchises, since the McDonald's name and operational model comes packaged

Firstly, I would like to put some light on the trade market that was there is late 1800s and early 1900s. This was the time when businesses used to trade within their countries only. Slowly businesses started growing. This was the time when the entrepreneurs started trading globally. Hence, in 1950s the growing of businesses internationally was termed as ‘Globalisation’. Globalisation is the process by which the world is becoming increasingly interconnected as a result of massively increased trade and cultural exchange (http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/geography/globalisation/globalisation_rev1.shtml). Globalisation has increased trade internationally. Firms which were national firms are today Multinational Companies. Globalisation has rapidly increased in the last 50 years. Hence globalisation has resulted in increasing demand of the products, hence benefiting the economies of scale. As there is an increase in investment by the companies, there is sharing of knowledge and technology between the countries. It has also helped to reduce unemployment all around the world. But like everything, globalisation also has its disadvantages. As countries are becoming more and more dependent on each other, a bad economic shock in one country can affect the economy of other countries as well(http://www.economicsonline.co.uk/Global_economics/Globalisation_introduction.html). It has also

Franchisors are increasingly having to be more and more selective in the adoption of franchisees with factors such as economic climate and the potential difficulty with growth playing key factors in the decision making process. It is not simply an ability to grow which creates a successful Franchise and nor is it the desire of any franchisor to adopt every potential franchisee. Franchisors are becoming more and more scrutinising as the global economy declines. There is a general understanding within any franchised

To begin with, the concept of “franchising” originally appeared in Britain in the 10th century and as a term described a variety of benefits, which were provided to the citizens in the context of the electoral process. However, the revival of franchising as a modern business institution is marked by the year 1840, the year of the appearance of the first worldwide franchise network (the system of “tied pubs”) in the UK, which was used by the brewers in order to maintain the necessary volume of sales. In fact, the “tied pubs system” operated in accordance with the following principle: in exchange for a loan or rental property a brewer was provided with an inn, that is, with the possibility to sell beer and alcoholic beverages (Lashley & Rowson, 2002). At this point, it should be noted that the abovementioned system still exists these days, which illustrates the effectiveness of such type of business.

McDonald’s has extremely strict rules when it comes to awarding franchises. First, it is very costly to open a new location or purchase an existing location, with the median startup cost being $300,000 (Kalnins & Lafontaine, 2004, p. 750). As well, the company does an extensive background check on a variety of issues including credit history, business management experience, and the acceptance of the contractual agreement that the company provides. Because of these strict rules and the large amount of capital needed to purchase a location, “rates for franchise applicants are 1% for McDonald's” (Norton, 1988, p. 204). This is an extremely low acceptance rate and is even lower than McDonald’s chief competitor, Burger King, who accepts 1.5% percent of applicants (Norton, 1988, p. 199). These low numbers are understandable in the context of the business and risk that is involved. Though the franchise purchaser must pay a large amount of money to gain the rights to the restaurant, they truly have nothing to lose besides money because they are simply running another company’s business model as well as using their trademarks and logos. McDonald’s on the other hand, has a great amount at stake because they place the well being of an entire restaurant into the caretaking of an individual who simply purchased the rights for the store. If the store does poorly or if there are issues with customer service, it reflects