International Institutions and Realism

WTO is an international agency which is helping the nation members to provide barriers free trade and settle the disputes those are arise between nations while trading. It ensures the smooth and fair business activities between different countries. It was generated from GATT.

WTO: World Trade Organization deals with the global trading rules between international governments. The overall rules must be predictable enough so that everyone involved isn’t dealing with chaotic sudden changes.

Unlike previous years of solely trading goods, the WTO allowed for trade to consist of property and services among different countries. Countries could now be globalized in all goods their country didn’t have through the use of free trade. The process of trading was revolutionized by new developments in technology as more and more countries began to trade.

Even though realism finds itself deeply rooted in a utilitarian moral framework, critics arise as to such an outlook remains immoral (it is wrong to apply) at best. A major opponent theory is liberalism. Dismissing that conflicts are inevitable, liberals uphold that the spread of legitimate domestic political orders will eventually bring an end to international conflicts.[ Scott Burchill, “Liberalism” in Theories of International Relations, ed. Scott Burchill (New York: Palgrave, 2001), 35.] This approach involves embedding notions of democracy, human rights, and free trade. As a result, states will avoid ideology clashes and a universal state will emerge. Liberals might repudiate realism on its utilitarian ground: its consequential nature and lack of universal moral code. In this section, I will defend realism against some liberal criticism.

* The first post-war period (1945-1975) witnessed strong economic growth and gradual increase in globalization under the Bretton Woods institutions. What do we mean by “the Bretton Woods institutions” (Background Brief: Bretton Woods Institutions)? What role did the US play in setting up these institutions and what were its motives?

Prior to the beginning of World War I, the world economy was held up by four pillars: the gold standard, free trade, communication and transportation, and capital and labor labor mobility. After facing two world wars and a worldwide economic depression, economists and governments from around the world implemented several development strategies. Some strategists tried to rebuild the order from before World War I in a more flexible and stable way while others bucked the traditional world order all together in an attempt to develop more quickly. While import-substituting industrialization provided short term benefits and long-term problems to the nations that practiced it, the Bretton Woods System provided sustainable economic growth to

The World Trade Organization, or WTO, was established to grow the global economy and assure its success and safety. The WTO derived from the General Agreement of Tariffs and Trades, or the GATT. The GATT was established in 1948 in order to restore the destroyed global economy after the war. The world needed a united organization

The World Trade Organization (WTO) is an international organization whom oversees international trade. The WTO was created in January of 1995. "WTO deals with the rules of trade between nations at a near-global level; it is responsible for negotiating and implementing new trade agreements, and is in charge of policing member countries' adherence to all the WTO agreements, signed by the majority of the world's trading nations and ratified in their parliaments" (http://2012books.lardbucket.org/books/global-strategy/s13-02-regulation-of-international-tr.html). The WTO has 153 members, representing more than 95% of total world trade. The WTO is governed by a Ministerial Conference, headquartered in Switzerland. They implement the conference's policy decisions and is responsible for day-to-day administration. There role is to oversee nondiscrimination, reciprocity, binding commitment, transparency, and the safety between it's member

The World Trade Organization (WTO) is a global agency that is dedicated to promoting free trade between member nations. It was founded on the idea that the world can be a better place if everyone works together. Before World War II, countries believed in protecting their domestic productions by implementing tariffs, or taxes against goods that are imported. Tariffs make imported goods cost more than domestic goods, thereby protecting the success of domestic producers. Today, most nations support free trade, which is the exchange of goods across borders without restrictions like quotas or tariffs. The elimination of tariffs is meant to allow trade between nations to occur more freely.

Since in the late 1950s North Korea has develop its nuclear weapon and this has raised a clear threat to the peace and stability of the Northeast Asia and united State. Thus this paper are were to addressed on three major research question which is (I) What are the U.S done to deter North Korea, (II) how DPRK has become a threat to U.S national interest and , (III) what are the responses of Northeast Asia regards of North Korea nuclear weapons. These are been looking by the realism perspective.

participants in this conference created three organizations to help regulate the international economy. The first is the International Monetary Fund (IMF) which was established with the idea of regulating monetary policy. One of the benchmarks of the IMF is the stabilization of exchange rates and the loaning of money to help stabilize countries with balance of payments deficits. The second organization established was the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) whose main focus was on a liberal trading order.

If goods processed and sold in the country than tariffs only on parts imported. Foreign Trade Zones were created in the United States to provide special customs procedures to U.S. plants engaged in international trade-related activities. Duty-free treatment is accorded items that are processed in FTZs and then reexported, and duty payment is deferred on items until they are brought out of the FTZ for sale in the U.S. market.

The origin of the WTO has its roots in the creation of the International Trade Organization (ITO) at the 1944 Bretton Woods ' Conference. While the terms of the ITO charter were being drafted and debated and countries pondered whether or not they would be a part of the organization, representatives from a group of 17 nations assembled in Geneva and concluded an interim agreement (GATT) to lower trade barriers and

Realism is one of the main theories within International Relations. It provides the view that all actors within the international system act on their own self-interests to gain power. This essay intends to discuss its usefulness as a theory and the reasons for and against it being used to analyse world affairs. Firstly, it shall discuss how the theory is advantageous as it explains how shifts in the balance of power can lead to conflict however it is unable to explain why the distribution of power changes. Second, it will portray how it is useful because states do not need to be labelled as good or bad to fit the theory although it disregards the idea of Natural law and gives a cynical view of human morality. Finally, it will suggest that as the theory is very parsimonious, it can be applied to multiple situations within the world system. On the other hand, it will be said that it fails to look at individuals within a state and their influence on the actions of the state. These costs and benefits will be conveyed through the current tensions between the USA and North Korea to link the theory in with current world politics.

     The World Trade Organization (WTO) is the only global international organization dealing with the rules of trade between nations. The goal is to help producers of goods and services, exporters, and importers conduct their business. The World Trade Organization came into being in 1995. One of the youngest of the international organizations, the WTO is the successor to the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) established in the wake of the Second World War. The World Trade Organization exists to ensure that trade between nations flows as smoothly, predictably and freely as possible. It provides and regulates the legal issues which governs world trade now .