International Journal Of Project Management

Project management provides reasonable scientific solutions in order to overcome difficulties and achieve success. Each project has a variety of objectives have to achieve, these objectives are vary and can be for organization objectives or for social objectives. However, the project objectives could face some obstacles could be lead to limited success. The attempt to discover the factors of project success and project failure was not easy task for both scholars and expertise. These definitions can provide a close understanding and explanation for these terms. Many project management literatures have variety definitions of project success. (Adinyira, 2012) pointed out that Pinto and Slevin (1988) defined the success as delivering projects on proper time, cost and quality. Others like westerveld, elizabith have different ideas regarding the success that are related to the judge of stakeholders and organizational management. However, nowadays success become more complex issue to determine, it is not only meeting the costs and time it is belonging to the typology and sector of the project

This paper was prepared for Fundamentals of Project Management, Module 2 Check Your Understanding taught by Dr. Levern Eady.

▸ ▸ List several tasks and outputs of project execution Discuss what is involved in directing and managing project execution as part of project integration management, including the importance of producing promised deliverables, implementing solutions to problems, evaluating work performance information, and requesting changes to a project Explain the importance of recommending corrective actions and updating project-related information as part of quality assurance

Jr., Samuel J. M. Project Management in Practice, 4th Edition. John Wiley & Sons, 10/2010. VitalBook file.

"Project Management Professionals, in the pursuit of their profession, affect the quality of life for all people in our society. Therefore, it is vital that Project

Historically, project success has been directly tied to the Iron Triangle of cost, time, and quality. While most of the articles reviewed for this study refer to these standards for success criteria, the overwhelming majority find that they are not enough to fully define what success is. Atkinson (1999) defined two types of errors in project management and places using the Iron Triangle as success criteria into the category of not doing something as well as it could be done. This comes from an understanding that projects that meet cost, time, and quality requirements can still be considered failures while projects that run over on cost and time can still be considered successes (Belassi & Tukel, 1996; Dvir & Shenhar, 2003). Anton de Wit (1988) found that success is time dependent and that a project may be perceived a success one day and a failure the next.

There is no acceptance of other group members, the CEO only includes a few people in the discussion and does not let the share their feelings because he does not interact with them.

Directing and managing project work – It involves all the activities managed and performed while carrying out project plan.

There is an old adage which insists “time is money.” While simple, in concept, it has been shown to be true, matter of fact. In a a world where has been becom global, technically driven society, however, the idea of time has changed in the global industry. Where industries were more of a nine to five, but now the industries because of the global influence has turned into a twenty four seven type business. Because of the people, organization, and the location has caused this. With this shift in perception, organizations, especially, have taken on the greater challenge of ensuring efficiency in their operations, allowing their customers the freedom and peace of mind to have access to the products or services they purchased without interruption. In order for this twenty four seven industry to work, sometimes we tend to forget about the IT comapanies that allow for this realization of freedom and this peace of mind possible.

The Association for Project Management (APM) published the first edition of the APM body of knowledge (APM Bok) in 1992. The reason for publishing APM Bok was because, PMBOK® does not elaborate upon knowledge of interpersonal skills and interaction with the stakeholders. In 2012, APM Body of Knowledge 6th edition was published, and unlike the old version, the 6th edition is based on analysis of the functions rather than on a project life cycle. APM Body of Knowledge 6th edition provides the standard definition of the project management making it a primary source of study for APM qualifications, membership and other professional standards.

The idea of project management is a broad, and vital part of the professional workplace. Often, project management is neglected by most, and its function within society including business, families, and schools is important to the progress of success in all areas of life. The origin of project management is to create a group of individuals, small or large depending on the size of the company, and use their combined efforts to complete an objective. Every business, company, and organization has a different technique when it comes to appointing a project manager, or managing a project as a group. However, these institutions often use a basic set of principles that have been shown to be helpful in completing a project.

The consequence of being behind in schedule meant an increase in cost of the project. The project initial cost estimation was approximately 6.4 billion pounds however poor management has increased it to close to 10 billion pounds (Syal, 2014). The project failure clearly outlines the importance of taking into account all the parameters affecting the project.

Organizations use governance to establish strategic direction and performance parameters. The strategic direction provides the purpose, expectations, goals, and actions necessary to guide business pursuit and is aligned with business objectives. Project management activities should be aligned with top-level business direction, and if there is a change, then project objectives need to be realigned. In a project environment, changes to project objectives affect project efficiency and success. When the business alignment for a project is constant, the chance for project success greatly increases because the project remains aligned with the strategic direction of the organization. Should something change,

Project management has become a means of remaining competitive and deliver results consistently for businesses, a report carried out by the Economist Intelligence Unit mentioned roughly eighty percent of global executives believed having project management as a core competency helped them remain competitive during recession period (Gale, 2009, p.2). Organisations have become aware of their shortcomings and tried to improve but instead they struggle to find the ways to address the problems and challenges when it comes to dealing with projects. Throughout the rest of this reading material there are examples of some of the common problems which organisation of all sizes face and how project management is able to solve them effectively.

Before we start, a short note on the word “Project Management”. It is important to understand the meaning of them furthermore their relation in management area. Project management can be stated as the procedure and action of planning, sorting out, motivating, and controlling assets, strategies and conventions to accomplish particular objectives in experimental or day by day issues. A project is a distinctive, transitory work, involved to accomplish planned purposes, which could be characterized as far as yields, results or benefits. A project is generally esteemed to be a win in the event that it accomplishes the goals as per their acknowledgment criteria, within a concurred timescale and expenditure plan.