International Tourism 's Effect On Medical Tourism

The healthcare industry is unlike other industries, it is complex and complicate which requires high fixed costs and intense investment in capital and labor expenses. Innovations that improve the proposition of health care such as lower costs and better outcome without a substantial wait time can be timely. While the costs of health care are expensive in the United States, people find an alternative way to access medical care and procedure in a foreign country. The phenomenon when people travel to another country seeking medical treatment or procedure is considered "medical tourism." Medical tourism is not a new concept, "the rise of neoliberalism and economic globalization in the past few decades has resulted in health care being increasingly

Society’s ideals of beauty differs throughout the world. The American and South Korean standards of beauty are vastly different which is interesting to compare. I was intrigued by this topic because of many Korean shows that I watch and I’ve realized a major difference in fashion and beauty between these two cultures. American and South Koreans follow different trends, and undergo plastic surgeries but they are often influenced by the same source which is the media.

In fact, their looks have already begun to change the standard of beauty in South Korea. Many K-pop stars have gotten cosmetic surgery and even are spokespeople for such companies (Stone). With celebrities advertising perfect faces, many people are inspired to get surgery as well. This has made South Korea into the plastic surgery capital of the world, with at least one-fifth of the women population who have had some form of cosmetic surgery (Stone; Marx). Thus, K-pop has set the image of beauty in the hearts of their

Kim Kardashian is the face and body of plastic surgery, literally. Unfortunately, society has come to target the people with a weak self esteem and those who see themselves with horrible “imperfections.” Nowadays there are certain expectations on appearance that drive people to receive plastic surgery. There are an immense amount of positive outlooks on plastic surgery, those regarding the enhancement of physical appearance and psychological states of mind. This is not always the case plastic surgery does not always grant the wonderful outcomes that the patient expects. Plastic surgery could come with major risks that are not only extremely dangerous but life-changing too. Plastic surgery has negative effects such as the damages it causes physically, psychologically, and within society.

2 thousand people are crammed in the poor slums of Seoul, South Korea, filled with ramshackle buildings and hoards of bugs resistant to repellent” (John Power). However, this is also a city where at least 7.5 million people have traveled to for plastic surgery” (Chang and Thompson). South Korea is becoming more like the dystopian novel, Starters, by Lissa Price, where cosmetic surgery is open and accepted, while poor children, who have banded together for their lives, are dying on the streets.

According to an article published by Seoul Touchup, https://www.seoultouchup.com/korean-plastic-surgery-statistics/, rhinoplasty is the second most common cosmetic procedure performed in Korea. In addition to the Korean population, the country’s plastic surgeons provide procedures to nearly 300,000 tourists a year. The majority of foreigners that travel to Korea for rhinoplasty and other aesthetic surgeries come from China, America, Russia, Japan, and Mongolia. Women represent 72% of the patients and men represent 28%.

Plastic Surgery has become a worldwide epidemic in today’s world. The number of plastic surgeries continues to increase since 2010. In today’s day and age, plastic surgery is one of the most popular and requested procedures. Females are opting to have plastic surgery because they dislike their body image. Society has impacted many people by brain washing them to believe that a person’s body has to be perfect. In order for one to be considered beautiful, television and media influence people’s perceptions of beauty.

At the end of the 80 's, the first plastic surgery was carried out and has been an outlet for those people unsure of their physique. Since plastic surgeries became a trend, ceasing to be an exclusive practice of actors, actresses, and celebrities. Its consumption has spread to all social classes. Acceptance, feel better and regain self-esteem, are some of the reasons that people who go to cosmetic surgery to improve their physical appearance. The acceptance or rejection of other young people are also factors that influence the decision to improve the physical appearance by putting them in the hands of a plastic surgeon. The advance in

There is concern regarding the cost of surgical treatment and costs associated with emergency, remedial and social care costs for patients Lunt & Mannion 2014). The health care services may be cheaper for the medical tourist based on the country of treatment. The benefits of human resource with exporting countries that utilize medical tourism, is the ability to attract health

Beauty can be a powerful entity for humans to manipulate and mutilate their outward appearances through cultures for social status and re-identification. Thus, the purpose for aesthetic alteration and modification have become much more common in our current fluctuated society that we live in and Korea is no exception to this. It is undoubtable that the popularity of cosmetic surgery have drastically increased, particularly in South Korea where culture trends rapidly shift, a nation ranked first for their advanced methods of cosmetic surgery all over the world. This ‘Republic of Cosmetic Surgery’ has been titled as the nation providing over 130 types of cosmetic surgery, including from simple treatments such as Botox, fillers and double-eyelid to high-risk procedures of orthognathic surgery and breast augmentations yet, the types of cosmetic surgery sought by women are ‘racially specific’.

The subject of plastic surgery in America is still a taboo since it attributes to the idea of being ‘unnatural’ and a ‘plastic monster’. Most popular surgeries in the country include eye lifts, liposuction, and breast enlargements. Those who have gotten these procedures are likely to keep what they have had done in order to not be shamed by others who may not support artificially changing one’s appearance. Many people may know that South Korea is known as the plastic surgery capital of the world. Plastic surgery was once a major taboo in Korea, where those who have gotten it done would be looked down upon on by family and friends and be ostracized by society, but now the pursuit of perfection has made cosmetic surgery much more popular and open to the public. About one in five women in Korea would have some kind of plastic surgery done, and many neighborhoods and subway stations are lined with advertisements and billboards to promote clinics by showing before and after photos (Graham, “Popular Surgery Shrouded in Shame“). In my experience of living in South Korea for a few months, I did notice that there were many cosmetic surgery advertisements in certain districts of Seoul. In those areas, I would typically see women’s faces all bandaged up from those procedures that got done and they wouldn’t care if people judged.

A desire among teenagers to undergo cosmetic surgery has been on a rapid rise. This can mostly be contributed to these new reality television shows that now air on a weekly basis that they have become addicted to watching. The American Society of Plastic Surgeons (ASPS) (2010) stated, “More than 219,000 cosmetic procedures were performed on people

Claim: Seeking healthcare abroad is growing among Canadians and providing them with good quality of care.

As the Korean wave becoming popular all over the world, more and more people also want to try to imitate the faces of Korean stars or improve their appearances in order to become more beautiful. So, the industry of plastic surgery in South Korea has drawn many tourists’ attention. According to the International Society of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery (ISAPS), the number of “individuals in South Korea who undergo plastic surgery have reached approximately 20,000 per 100,000 of the general population” (Seok-Chan, 2013). It makes South Korea become famous as a country with high technology of doing plastic surgery. The Korean National Assembly also passed a medical law in 2009 in order to provide a legal basis for hospitals to attract foreign patients from overseas countries (Seok-Chan, 2013). Moreover, the cost of plastic surgery in South Korea was 80% lower than that in the US or the UK (Denisenko, 2010). As a result, many people in different countries have travelled to South Korean for doing plastic surgery by

Transplant tourism is a new sector of the overall tourism industry. It focuses on an individual’s ability to travel to a place where they have no permanent residence in order to receive medical services, specifically organ transplants. This paper will seek to give some of that foundational knowledge and explore those ethical and moral considerations to further explain the ways in which this field is growing and how/why so many more Canadians appear to be in support of it.