Internationalization Strategies : Rationale And Modes

In addition, the internationalisation is the strategy to occupy the foreign market step by step. Also, the porter’s competitive advantages theory is to analysis the strategies of global business. They could divide to three strategies: over cost leading, diversity, and market focus strategy (Passemard& Calantone, 2000). The cost leading strategy focus on establish efficient scale production facility and minimize the research and advertising cost. The diversity strategy focus on introduce some unique product in whole industry. But, this strategy will with a high cost price. The focus strategy is attack of a particular customer group or specialist regional market, its purpose to design the service for a particular target. Consequently, the companies need to consider the internal and external factor condition, such as: factor condition, demand condition, related and supporting industries condition, and firm strategy and rivalry. They are called diamond system. This dynamic system gives the company a standard to measure theirs advantage and disadvantage before they enter foreign market. Moreover, the specific advantage in Internationalisation of Production is give companies a new choose for exhausted market (Strange,S. 1992). In an international environment, the companies will face more uncertain and unequal condition than home market, therefore the companies need keep the attention of more factors:

While internationalization, through rhetoric, is toted as a means of producing, disseminating, and applying knowledge beyond national borders, Western models of internationalization within higher education engenders the reproduction of oppressive world orders that place Europe, the United States, and Canada at the top of academic food chain and developing (formerly colonized and continuously exploited) nations at the bottom. Altbach & Knight (2007) present the motivations, expectations, and realities of internationalization of education within the context of rapid globalization. Touching on the expansion of volume, scope, and complexity the international activities of universities over the past two decades, Altbach & Knight emphasis the integral part that globalization plays in pushing higher education towards international involvement. Society has entered a phase in technological advancements underscore the necessity of knowledge production and ownership. Altbach & Knight describe globalization and internationalization with the rhetoric of economists, emphasizing that both phenomena are situated within and are perpetuated by demands and supplies of knowledge and service. Moreover, and perhaps most importantly, internationalization and international academic mobility are characterized as favoring “well-developed” education systems and institutions – “well-developed” synonymous with global north, Western nations. Focusing heavily on the reality of globalization, Altbach & Knight present the United States, Canada, and Europe as in control in the means in which internationalization in higher education functions and operates – presenting a problematic continuation of colonialism as well as a breeding ground for the expansion of global inequities and

Altbach and Knight (2007) set out to clarify the differences between internationalization and globalization in order to gain a better understanding of what internationalization means for higher education. Altbach and Knight examine the motivations of internationalization and the actual realities of internationalization. They conclude that the motives for growth in international higher education are to access the global markets but institutions should focus on the overall benefits to the public and not simply view

There are always business risk when it comes to expanding a company, especially from an international standpoint. There are many strategic risk that needs to be evaluated in order to expand the company successfully. Examining the possible risk of foreign currency exposure, basic functions of international banking/financial market, support of long term financing of operations, and assessment of opportunities that can be implemented within the company. There are risk on three dimensions of international finance, economic trends of the country, impact of globalization and monetary system. All of these situations will be discussed in this paper.

Coca-Cola is the world most leading beverage company. It is a renowned brand name of soft drinks. This report is for Coca-Cola Company which is based on international marketing operation. This report is divided into two parts. In the first part of this report, 4p’s of marketing mix operation is analyzed for understanding the present situation of Coca-Cola Company. In the second part IPT (Internationalization Process Theory) is analyzed in Coca-Cola Company for understanding the market of this company. Coca-Cola Company is listed within 100 top companies of world which is the reason of selection the company. As a senior marketing consultant, I like to prepare an international marketing report about this company.

In reviewing Japan’s internationalization policy and the practical steps taken by Japan so far, Kariya and Rappleye (2010, p.45) state that, “there was no permeability but an immune response along Japan’s cultural-cum-political borders in the usage of the term ‘internationalization’”. These criticisms seem pertinent and remind us of Ebuchi’s suggestion that Japan needs to place a greater emphasis on achieving a more balanced process leading to co-operation with foreign countries. Where then does Japan’s internationalization go from here? In this section, the literature review looks at a number of reported problems facing Japanese internationalization, and considers which pathway to internationalization

The world we live in is getting smaller and becoming more connected especially with the technology revolution. This situation creates the globalisation phenomenon which defined as “the process by which businesses or other organizations develop international influence or start operating on an international scale” (Oxford, 2017). Another interpretation for globalisation was introduced by Held et al. (1999) who define it as “the widening, deepening and speeding up of worldwide interconnectedness” (Held et al. 1999, p. 2). Globalisation has a great impact on most sectors, yet a great impact lay on education sector because of its reliance on the knowledge, which not have any boundaries. Essentially, higher education influenced by globalisation and many researchers have argued the positive impacts, others have claimed that globalisation has deleterious effects on higher education systems. However, the impact of globalisation on higher education is inevitable. The level of that influence depends on the way the universities might accept that impact and how to respond to it positively or negatively.

If an industry has decided to conquer the international market, there are many choices that will be opened. These options may include the cost, risk and the degree of control that the company will encounter ( 2001). In entering an international business, it is important that the management of the company should be able to choose a marketing entry strategy so as to make the company be more competitive ( 1986). Primarily, the purpose of this paper is to provide an analysis of the marketing entry mode that British Petroleum may use to enter the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (SAR) market. In this manner, the discussion of the current situation of Hong Kong will be analyse as well as the international

The first step would be to identify the problem, which is the buyer, in this foreign market potential. Figuring out the cultural differences and the different wants/demands of the customers is key in determining how well your product/service will do in this foreign market Kumar, V. (2001).After determining the problem, it is necessary to develop an approach, or solution to this problem, like changing the packaging or the script of your commercials. Once a solution is found, implement the solution and collect data/research to

The global marketplace increasingly favors specialty platforms for B2B eCommerce sales, and companies can now design their own international marketplaces or sell on multiple platforms to extend their marketing reach. It’s valuable to leverage these sales, marketing, lead-generating and commission-generating opportunities, but success depends on how well a business handles the challenges of marketplace sales. Specifically, successful companies speak contextually to an audience of varying interests, nationalities and purchasing habits.

International trade can be traced back to ancient years. Our ancestors, with the purpose of increasing the variety of local products, had been trying their best for decades to trade cross border. With the development of international business, international trade theories was developed to explain the benefit nations can get from utilizing free trade pattern and participating in the multilateral trade via opening up strategy by eliminating import control, export support and other types of anti-trade approaches (Georges, 2013, pp213-231). In this essay, two major parts of the evolution of international trade theory (traditional international trade theory and new international trade theory) were compared and

It is vital to understand the internationalization process of small to medium-sized enterprise (SMEs) for them to compete internationally. There are various international approaches that companies can adopt in the process of internationalization. For example, Uppsala Internalization Model (U-Model), The Network Theory, Dunning’s Electric Paradigm and Transaction Cost Theory.

Globalization is a multi-dimensional phenomenon that drives most of the changes in the educational system (Obioma, 2011). In the world of today, globalization makes borderless education or what is referred to as transnational border to develop new international partnerships and networks (Zelza, 2005).

Economic globalization provides ever-increasing number of chances for educational reform on a global scale. A global educational programme could achieve investment from foreign investors or corporations from overseas. Abundant teaching and studying resources can be easily shared through networks. Educational evaluation systems varying in different countries have been put on a standardized track. Being operated under the global context, the internationalization of education also fully exerts its potential on solving some problems emerging during the process of globalization. The achievement of global educational innovation and revolution ultimately serve for globalization.

The section discuss of the internationalisation process of case firm 4 “Delta”. Delta is one of the largest ICT firm in Nigeria and Sub-Saharan Africa and most capitalised ICT firms in Sub-Saharan.