Interpersonal Trauma Research Paper

Trauma is defined as having a deeply distressing or disturbing experience, or having a physical injury.

Women with substance abuse issues tend to pose unique differences when compared to their male counterparts. They are more likely to exhibit PTSD. This is especially true for those women who have experienced physical and/or sexual abuse with high rates of repeated trauma (Najavits et al, 1997).

The term “Psychological trauma” refers to damage wrought from a traumatic event, which that damages one’s ability to cope with stressors. “Trauma” is commonly defined as an exposure to a situation in which a person is confronted with an event that involves actual or threatened death or serious injury, or a threat to self or others’ physical well-being (American Psychiatric Association, 2000). Specific types of client trauma frequently encountered by which therapists and other mental health workers frequently encounter in a clinical setting include sexual abuse, physical , or sexual assault, natural disasters such as earthquakes or tsunamis, domestic violence, and school or/and work related violence (James & Gilliland, 2001). Traumatic

A trauma informed model of practice should centre upon a perspective that asks the client user ‘what happened to you’ rather than ‘what is wrong with you’ (Bloom and Farragher). This approach promotes the base line for which the service should be impliemented; an approach which enable to cliet to connect how their trauma has influence their behaviour, feelings, coping mechanisim and general perspective (Felitti et al. 1998). Staff within the home should have a good degree of trauma informed care as this enable for a deeper understanding of how the trauma can impact upon the individual and allow for holistic care (Harris and Fallot, 2001) and enables better support and help reduce to protential for re-tramatisation via triggers and uncousious re-enactment of trauma (SAMHSA, 2010). Implementing the above approach the client can receive the holistic carer they require in order to begin to overcome the trauma they have experienced.

It will be important to conduct the trauma based assessment as early as possible. However, it is vital that a therapeutic rapport be established with the client before proceeding in asking questions regarding the trauma. It takes time for a traumatized individual to trust and be willing to disclose their experiences. When it is felt that the client is ready it is important to let the client know that they have the right to not answer questions. It is important to discuss why we are asking the questions and ensuring the client that we have their best interests in mind and can provide them with a safe and secure location to work through the trauma.

The relationship between trauma and the possibility of addiction has been discussed often in research. In a study of alcohol dependency, Johnson (2010) found that women who have a dependency on alcohol also show a higher prevalence of trauma in their childhood. In this same study, Johnson (2010) also concluded that alcohol dependent men and women experienced almost the same amount of trauma overtime. In a surprising discovery, Johnson (2010) also found that women who were not dependent on cocaine, but were dependent on alcohol had a higher prevalence of trauma in their childhood than all men in the study and alcohol dependent women addicted to cocaine. Murphy et al. (2013) tested

The family of Anamalia has undergone both physical and psychological trauma as can be seen in the case study. Eloni and Kolomalu have both faced physical trauma. The short-term effects include the injuries that Kolomalu may get from the physical abuse of Eloni as well as injuries that Eloni faced from his stepfather’s abuse. The long-term effects of physical trauma, according to Brand et al. (2017), may include drug and substance use as can be seen in the case of Eloni. On the other hand, anger outbursts and detaching emotions from actions and thoughts may also be experienced. In the case of Eloni, he already

In the article, “What History Can Teach Us: Implications for the Conceptualization and Treatment of Interpersonal Trauma in Women,” the author, Stefanie F. Smith, writes first about how the history of our culture, society, and medical models in the United States effected the treatment of women experiencing trauma and then, about an alternate treatment that would help aid in the treatment for trauma experienced by women. While reading this article it was easy to establish opinions of the topics touched on. For example, I agree with Smiths argument that women need to overcome their traumatic experience by changing how they feel about themselves. Also, I agree with one of the other treatments topics that are important mentioned.

What constitutes someone’s identity as a person? Some may argue that role models or one’s environment can influence a person’s values. Others may differ and remark how one’s experiences in life can determine how one may perceive the world. However, the memories from these experiences may not always positively affect an individual. Instead, a memory or event may be of a severe traumatic event that can unknowingly haunt an individual for the rest of his or her life. These memories will then possess a strong control over one’s life that can alter the way that a person may live their life. For a trauma victim, their life may be plagued by moments of time that may appear to trigger his or her trauma, resulting in an individual losing touch with reality. This experience portrays an altered reality that can make the trauma victim tremble with fear concerning that moment in time where they were at their most vulnerable. The mental state of trauma victims is explored by Martha Stout in her essay, “When I Woke Up Tuesday Morning, It Was Friday.” Stout, a psychologist, depicts how a number of her clients, trauma victims, from varying degrees of dissociation. Dissociation can affect a trauma victim in many forms, and is often used a method to protect the mental state of a victim from further pain. By allowing the subconscious to take over, the victim does not have to be mentally present for situations that may trigger one’s memory of trauma. This will protect the victim but this level

It seems to be a very controversial topic with no accurate answer. After reading some materials online I believe that recovered memories of psychological trauma are valid and I concluded this by reading an article “How Traumatic Memories Hide in the Brain, And How to Retrieve Them” written by Marla Paul. The problem with a validity of the repressed memories arose many times and made some people think that the memories were false because they were not easy to access this is why they considered not being true. The Northwestern Medicine scientists explain that “in response to traumatic stress, some individuals, instead of activating the glutamate system to store memories, activate the extra-synaptic GABA system and form inaccessible traumatic

Emotional wounds are as real as physical bleeding wounds, and can affect every aspect of your life.

This paper investigates three published articles that had summarized results of research based on early life trauma and its association with unhealthy coping methods. All three articles, however, conducted research looking for different factors for varying unhealthy coping methods and health concerns . Lee, Tsenkova, & Carr (2014) had conducted research on the theory that childhood trauma affects the risk of developing metabolic syndrome in adulthood. Ian Colman, Yasmin Garad, Yiye Zeng, Kiyuri Naicker, Murray Weeks, Scott B. Patten , Peter B. Jones, Angus H. Thompson, and T. Cameron Wild (2013) did research that concluded that childhood trauma is linked to both depression and heavy drinking in adulthood. Sarah F. Eames, Alina Suris,

When I decided to take the trauma course, I was hesitant at first to take it. I did not know what to expect nor felt I would be prepare listen to stories about traumatic occurrences, despite of the number of years I have worked in the field of community mental health. Therefore, now that we are in week eight, I am delighted to have taken this course. The impression I had at first, has changed my insight concerning what is trauma, as for many years, I did not understand why a person in many instances, could not process their trauma. In a quote by Chang stated, “The greater the doubt, the greater the awakening; the smaller the doubt, the smaller the awakening. No doubt, no awakening” (Van Der Kolk, 2014, p. 22). The goes in congruence with my understanding on trauma and how it has changed during this course. As a result, I feel I am awakening when acquiring more about trauma.

In this journal article, the author explains how trauma influences global security, heightening insecurity specifically, not only immediately but also for many years and generations later (1837). Schick focuses on the idea of acting out and working through trauma and the effect of this on not only individuals, but groups mourning as well (1839). The author also touches on the idea that trauma can be difficult to explain in words, so often times non-verbal, artistic expressions can be helpful (1848).

Stress within the family spreads to stress among other family members. Children from infancy to adolescence absorb surrounding behaviors as their brain continues to develop, influencing potential negative behaviors in their adulthood (Osofsky, et al., 2004). Trauma from intimate partner violence could affect an infant more than an adult for reasons of dependence and periods of critical brain development which may alter brain functions (Randell, Bledsoe, Shroff, & Pierce, 2011). The parents, or intimate partners, are often viewed by children as strong standing role models. In the eyes of a child, these role models are seen as their idols, by seeing their idol in a constant state of weakness impacts their personal understanding of the world and their potential role in it.