Interpersonal Violence Against Women

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is described a psychological, emotional, sexual or physical harm to a person by their spouse or former partner (Breiding et al, 2015). National reports have revealed that about one in three women experience IPV (Sharron et al, 2015). Intimate partner violence is a growing epidemic in the United States. However, recent studies have focused on rural regions, such as Appalachia.

Domestic violence exists everywhere and affects all people regardless of socioeconomic status, sexual orientation, sex, ethnicity, or religion. Most times physical violence is accompanied by emotional abuse and controlling behaviors. The result of domestic violence includes physical injury, psychological issues, and death. Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) occurs in 1 of 4 women in the United States and can be correlated with a loss of emotional, social, physical and mental health. Intimate Partner Violence is an issue that does not receive a lot of recognition and is overlooked majority of the time. There is a lot of information on women in intimate partner violence relationships that explains how it affects women physically, mentally, and socially.

This section will discuss the topic intimate partner violence against women as discussed by other scholars and authors. Various books will be analyzed to understand the topic better. The section will also explain the main issues independently analyzing different literature and will also discuss the similarities and differences. The issue has emanated a lot of public concern as more young women continue to suffer in silence with the fear of speaking out against their partners. Some women, however, are courageous and have opted to speak about the issue in public without fear of being judged or criticized. Careful analysis of the different books will help to determine the different perspectives that different authors understand

Taking a look into America’s work industry, society’s values reflect the meaning of domestic violence. In order to gain an understanding of how societies function, many professionals have observed various factors that contribute to the way societies work and the specific explanations of social problems, such as domestic violence. Domestic violence and emotional abuse are behaviors used by one person to control the other. Victims can be of any age, sex, race, culture, and religion. Although both men and women can be abused, most victims are women. Domestic violence against women has become a social issue discussed by many Americans and it has become unacceptable, this paper will focus on the causes, effects, and solutions to domestic violence against women in the United States, and provide examples of how it has been changing through the years of 1995 to present.

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a pattern of aggressive behavior and coercive behavior that can include physical injury, psychological abuse, sexual assault, progressive isolation, stalking, and intimidation which may take many forms. IPV is a common and significant public health problem that is life threatening and preventable. It affects millions of women regardless of race, ethnicity, age, education, socioeconomic class, or sexual orientation. One in three women in the United States has experienced some form of IPV in their lifetime. (1)

Whenever a survivor recounts their experiences with intimate partner violence (IPV), one may think how does the perpetrator keep doing what they are doing and not see it as being wrong. Often, perpetrators rarely believe they are that they are abusers and rarely take total responsibility for their actions. They also normalize their actions by believing that certain types of abuse are more prevalent in society, perpetrators estimate that IPV is prevalent twice as much as the national average, and rape is prevalent three times as much as the national average (Miller-Perrin et al, 2017, p. 288). This can become an issue especially in the idea of treatment sessions with these men and women. If they don’t accept what they did was wrong, then treatment

Throughout the years, there have been immense efforts to expand knowledge about the experiences women have endured in violent relationships. The emergence of internal, external risk factors, correlates, and causes of intimate partner violence has increased rapidly in recent decades. Although there has been a rise in many supportive groups, there are still various barriers that exist and prohibit women from seeking help to detach themselves from a violent relationship. In reading Roz story, I have learned of the many barriers to understand, “why couldn’t she just leave?” Although this question may have no straight answer and may even have hindered implications, I feel that patriarchy plays a role in this intimate partner violence. The

“Domestic violence is a type of abuse by one or both partners in marriage, friends, family, dating or cohabitation” (Aziz & Mahmoud, 2010). There are many forms of abuse from verbal and emotional to physical that often escalates over time in intensity for the victim. Data from the criminal justice system, hospital patient medical records and mental health records, police reports, surveys and social services reports of thousands of women revealed that many are injured and killed as a result of violence from someone close to them. “The US Office on Violence Against Women (OVW) defines domestic violence as a pattern of abusive behavior in any relationship that is used by one partner to gain or maintain power and control over another intimate partner regardless of race, age, sexual orientation, religion, or gender” (Robertson & Murachver, 2009). Researchers and the criminal justice system have not been able to agree on a clear definition to domestic violence which can range from physical injury, stalking, verbal abuse and humiliation, denial of shelter and access to money, and intimidation through aggressive behaviors. The definition of domestic violence may vary but the results from physical injury, mental and emotional trauma, and sometimes even death can last a life time.

The purpose of this paper is to document the phenomenon of intimate partner violence (IPV) through empirical research. It includes sources of data and statistics from the official government agencies of the Centers of Disease Control and Prevention, National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Survey of 2011, and the National Incident Based Reporting System. In addition, it addresses the social distribution of the phenomena across time and space by the national, state, and rural/urban locations as well as its distribution across social groups including sex, race and age.

In order to understand the intricacies within relationships, a comprehensive definition of intimate partner violence must first be recognized since recent research has found to produce incongruent determinations of such. Intimate partner violence, also known as domestic violence, is the physical, emotional, sexual, and psychological abuse of a current or former intimate partner. An intimate partner is one with whom there has been a relationship, current or former, including spouses, cohabitating couples, dating relationships, family members, and same-sex couples. It was only recently that acts of violence against an intimate partner were criminalized and remedies sought by victims through court approved action (Carlson, B. E., & Worden, A.

Societies who failed to acknowledge marital violence to be a violation of women’s human rights, blamed women who are beaten or abused by their intimate partner (Francine Pickup, 2007). Thus making them to feel guilty as they were responsible for choosing the wrong partner (HRSC, 2014). As such they choose to remain silent about their abuse and do not look for legal remedies because they believed it is their fault for being abused (HRSC, 2014). Women may accept to be victimized by men’s violence because they have continuously witnessed their mother, and other female relatives assuming this role. Many women also concealed their abused because they feared stigmatization, rejection and social exile by their families and communities until their

A terrified five-year-old watches her dad beat her mom in front of her. She doesn’t know what to do, and it’s not the first time it has happened. She tries to stop it but all her mom tells her “it’s okay, go to your room baby.” This is just one case of domestic violence. One-fourth of women worldwide will experience Domestic/Dating Violence in their lifetime. Domestic violence is physical or emotional abuse within a relationship. Domestic Violence exists within all cultures, ethnicity, faith, age groups, education levels, income levels and sexual orientations.

The Battered Women's movement of the 1970's enlightened society about a much secreted, and what at the time, was considered a family matter, that of violence against women by their male intimate partners. Many lives have been saved as a direct result of society's public awareness of this much-hidden scourge on our families. Federal and state laws prohibiting Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) have been enacted, and funding has been put in place for battered women's shelter programs. These changes have made a significant difference in the lives of battered women and children over the last few decades. The feminist theoretical perspective of IPVIPV has been depicted throughout our

Female Domestic Violence in the context of religious themes within the writings of Pamela Cooper-White, can be seen through the analyzation of violence against women with relationality and power. Cooper gives the example of a story of Tamar who yearns to have an I and thou relationship instead of an I and it relationship where a female is just an object to be used. In Cooper’s writings Martin Bruber takes this objectivity to help understand the relation of abuser and abused. Also, Bruber commenting on a context of desensitization of females from the perspective of military and media compounds the problem with violence against women. Cooper relates this need for acknowledgement of female person through scripture, Luke 6:31, “Do to

specific gender in a violence attack. When we refer to wider research in populations, like a study