Intimate Partner Stalking

The average duration of this form of stalking is around 2 years. Reports show that the majority of stalking occurs during the relationship however it escalates during separation period. Tjaden and Thoennes (1998) found that 57% of stalking victims were stalked during their relationship. McFarland et al (1999) found

The book defined the term stalking as a distinct form of criminal activity because of its pattern of behavior that is intended to cause harm or to instill fear in a person. Following or harassing someone typically characterizes the offense. (Gosselin, 2014, pg. 290) When one thinks of a stalker the first think that tends to come to mind is someone following you. Even though stalkers do follow their victims often this is just one of the many behaviors a stalker possess. The book does say that there is no template for the actions of a stalker but there are key behaviors that are persistent and that qualify as being a stalker.

Stalking is a national epidemic. Across the country millions of Americans are stalked each year. They are followed without relief everywhere they go–to work, to school, to the shopping mall, to the doctor’s office, to their home—until they no longer feel safe anywhere.

The following article is both interesting and informative when it comes to the final paper product as it deals specifically with laws against stalking; the following research examines and evaluates the anti-stalking laws in place around the United States along with their effectiveness. Richard A. Lingg compares the other set of the anti-stalking statutes around the country with that of California, one of the first states to enact stalking laws and make it a punishable offense in the 90’s, in doing so he spilt the laws into two groups; one where other states have adopted California’s law with no modifications and the other is roughly based on the original law but has a broader range. The original California law and the states that adopted it

Stalking is a terrifying and potentially lethal crime that seems to be on the rise in recent years. While the act itself can be displayed in a variety of ways with many different motivations, the effects on the victims always result in some sort of fear, anxiety, and paranoia among others, along with crippling the victim financially. The media portrayal of stalking can lead to misconceptions about the crime and minizations of the behavior by the general public can lead to a secondary victimization and cause the crime to go unreported. Although anti-stalking laws exist they vary from state to state and may not always provide the adequate of protection, even a person convicted of stalking will only serve a year or less in prison if no other charges

It is also important to recognize that judgments about behavior can sometimes be characterized by specific heuristics, or simple rules, that outline how judgments are made (Garb, 1998). For example, the past-behavior heuristic involves clinicians making predictions of future behav¬ior based on the person's past behavior. This approach is not necessarily inaccurate; the past-behavior heuristic is merely a means of describing the decision-making process. With respect to the material presented in this chapter, this heuristic is relevant because some anecdotal evidence sug¬gests that a history of harassing behavior such as obsessive relational intrusions, obsessive preoccupation, and stalking early in one's life are risk factors for stalking in adulthood. Empirical research on the childhood his¬tories of adult stalking offenders, as well as longitudinal study of children who manifest harassing and bullying behavior, is needed to evaluate the validity of this anecdotal evidence.

Taylor Thill Stalking            Stalking is defined as the pursuit of another person that is not wanted, examples of this are following somebody, randomly showing up at a person's home or place of business, leaving written messages, objects, or harassing phone calls, and vandalizing a person's property. It is typically not a one-time occurrence, and the actions of the stalker will cause the victim to fear for their safety. In Wisconsin (Stat. § 940.32), stalking is defined as “Actor knows or should know that his intentional conduct causes reasonable person to fear bodily injury to or death of himself or of his immediate family. Acts actually induce such fear” (http://statelaws.findlaw.com/wisconsin-law/wisconsin-stalking-laws.html).

Covered in this training material will be three scenarios. Information will be provided regarding stalking, domestic violence (today is known as intimate violence) and stranger violence. Stalking is often a prelude to violence in which this paper will also discuss.

Dating violence is defined as “the physical, sexual, psychological, or emotional violence within a dating relationship, including stalking” according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). It can occur with a current or former lover, and can happen in person and electronically. If the term dating violence is unfamiliar to someone here are other terms and phrases that may look familiar: relationship abuse, intimate partner violence (IPV), relationship violence, dating abuse, domestic violence, and finally domestic abuse. Dating violence applies to both men and women.

According to our textbook major studies on dating violence found that women are both the victims and perpetrators of physical dating violence at similar rate or higher rate then men. However, whoever starts the violence the women are injured more often and severely when they are victimized by violence (Kindschi,2013).I found this surprising because of the readings, the research, and combined with some of the arrest data I have read for this class the overwhelming support and belief is that domestic violence incidents disproportionately involve male offenders who batter female victims. After all, men are the primary perpetrators of violent crime, and this should also reflect in physical dating violence.

In my opinion, most cases of stalking seem to start when someone ends a relationship or denies the invitation of going out with someone. In the article above, a women denied the invitation to go out with a man that admired her. He did not take her answer of “no” well and continued trying to purse her but in the wrong way. He stalked her off and on for five years. In my opinion, he was a total sociopath in the beginning he would call her over and over again, then he started writing her threatening notes asking her what would she do if someone

The category that best fit Jemma’s stalker behavior is the rejected stalker that comes from Mullen, Pathé, Purcell, and Stuart’s (1999) study. According to the authors “Rejected stalkers often acknowledged a complex mixture of desire for both reconciliation and revenge. A sense of loss could be combined with frustration, anger, jealousy, vindictiveness, and sadness in ever-changing proportions.” (Mullen, Pathé, Purcell, and Stuart 1999, p.1246). According to Racine and Billick’s (2014) study which expounded on Mullen, Pathé, Purcell, and Stuart, (1999) Stalker typology that included intimacy seeking, incompetent, resentful, and predatory. According to study the “Rejected stalkers are those with a primary motivation of seeking revenge against,

The actions an individual takes in order to pursue his or her lover has been seen as a form of a complement and dismiss signs of potential dangerous stalking situations. The romantic movies that are being display today show how “…characters in romantic comedies also engage in stalking that’s depicted as proof of true love and passion” (Angyal). The study conducted by Julia Lippman concludes how “watching romanticized, seemingly realistic portrayals of stalking behavior…made women more likely to accept stalking behavior as desirable” (Angyal). However, this can cause women to have no discernment when an individual is showing potential signs of stalking. Moreover, “when women accept stalking myths…they’re socialized to perceive abusive behavior as flattering…”

One of the important aspects is to recognize the signs of stalking. There are according to Dr. Seth Meyers book (Dating do's and don'ts) " five signs that

Stalking is a huge problem, especially when it comes to domestic violence. As defined by the National Center for Victims of Crime (NCVC, 2008), stalking is “a pattern of repeated, unwanted attention, harassment, and contact.” Stalking is considered a form of domestic violence because of what can happened if it escalates to an occurring event (American Indian Culture & Research Journal 34.4 (2010): 61-76.) Stalking is considered a crime by law because of the trouble it can lead to. If a female is being stalked by her ex, he might be out to harm her. This is where the domestic violence part comes into play. These incursions may increase in frequency as a stalker tries to exert more control over a victim, sometimes in response to the loss of control