Intimate Partner Violence Analysis

Throughout the world, we hear many stories about individuals being victimized, and individuals who have are the perpetrators. Also, many of these news segments are based off of headed situations between intimate relationships. Many relationships become this way because of stress about work, paying bills, past circumstances, and much more. There are many micro and macro level risk factors that pertain to victims (prior history of intimate partner violence, female sex, and youth), and perpetration (anger issues, low self-esteem, low income, and depression). “These factors are some of the very important factors that shape victimization and perpetration in intimate partner violence” (Seccombe, 2015, p.318).

Domestic violence, alternatively referred to as Intimate Partner Violence, is defined by the Department of Justice as “a pattern of abusive behavior in any relationship that is used by one partner to gain or maintain power and control over another intimate partner.” While domestic violence is commonly thought of as only physical or sexual abuse, domestic violence can also be emotional, economic, or psychological. Domestic violence has remained constant in society throughout history, even though over time society’s response to the issue has changed. While domestic violence affects everyone regardless of race, gender, age, etc. it is estimated that approximately 90% of all victims are women. For the purpose of this paper, I will be focusing on

The article constructs domestic violence as an issue of gender, race and socioeconomic status. Women are identified as the “majority” of victims (Taylor 2014). Consequently, the article conceptually represents domestic violence as events of intimate terrorism where one partner violently terrorizes the other partner to gain complete control over the relationship, which is entirely perpetrated by men (Johnson 2012). With that said, Johnson (2012) points out that majority of domestic violence is situational couple violence, where both the man and the

Domestic violence exists everywhere and affects all people regardless of socioeconomic status, sexual orientation, sex, ethnicity, or religion. Most times physical violence is accompanied by emotional abuse and controlling behaviors. The result of domestic violence includes physical injury, psychological issues, and death. Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) occurs in 1 of 4 women in the United States and can be correlated with a loss of emotional, social, physical and mental health. Intimate Partner Violence is an issue that does not receive a lot of recognition and is overlooked majority of the time. There is a lot of information on women in intimate partner violence relationships that explains how it affects women physically, mentally, and socially.

Whenever a survivor recounts their experiences with intimate partner violence (IPV), one may think how does the perpetrator keep doing what they are doing and not see it as being wrong. Often, perpetrators rarely believe they are that they are abusers and rarely take total responsibility for their actions. They also normalize their actions by believing that certain types of abuse are more prevalent in society, perpetrators estimate that IPV is prevalent twice as much as the national average, and rape is prevalent three times as much as the national average (Miller-Perrin et al, 2017, p. 288). This can become an issue especially in the idea of treatment sessions with these men and women. If they don’t accept what they did was wrong, then treatment

Many victims believe that psychological counseling gives a more effective result to prevent reoffending and that just sending them to jail is not so effective (Buzawa et al., 2012). Some would go to counseling alone or with their partner that they were abusing. The coalition against domestic violence and other organizations feel that couples going to counseling together is more likely to cause the violence at home to increase because one of the reason is now both people feel that they need to change ("Recent trends in treating domestic violence," 2010). I think this can cause the victim to feel more strongly that this was their fault. Batterer intervention programs are suppose to help offenders realize that their behavior is wrong and there needs to be a change. "The most recent estimate identified 2,265 batterer programs nationwide in 2007, and the reseachers believed this to be much lower than the actual number" (Buzawa et al.,

The targeted objective of this report is to increase awareness for counselors-in-training to incorporate Intimate Partner Violence training in their course of studies. What is Intimate Partner Violence? Intimate Partner Violence is sometimes referred to as domestic violence. It is associated with a display of repetitious violent behaviors between intimate partners in close relationships. Power and control are the antecedents associated with the consistent episodes of this type of violence. According to Erickson (2010) Intimate Partner Violence is defined as "physical, sexual, psychological, and emotional abuse or the threat of abuse from a current or former intimate partner," (227). Any violent behaviors which encompass the actions to

Another con that the United States should evaluate is how violent women are given leniency in domestic violence cases. Engrained in the minds of the American people, women are still considered the weakest and fragile sex. For some people and feminists, domestic violence is only committed by men and women are always the victims. Additionally, it has been taught daily by the media and groups that men have the right to control women, which enforces the concept of women in an everlasting state of victimhood (Hines, Brown and Dunning, 63). Several studies and researches are able to challenge this mindset, for instance, the comparison study of arrested men and women done by Straus. Straus used the National Family Violence Survey (NFVS) on a sample

In today’s society, it is viewed as an act of women power but what people tend miss is that women can do masculinity. Women are encouraged from a young age to act like men. They are told to be independent, be in control, and to “suck it up” when they cry. Conflict in a relationship is created because of these traits. Each partner has a set of expectations they want their partner to meet. Abusive characteristics arise when one partner start to become controlling because they want their expectations met but the other partner is not able to meet their expectations (Meza-de-Luna, 2013). According to Murphy and Smith (2010), those who are not familiar with abusive behavior may ignore many warning signs of abuse from their intimate partner. Abuse develop from ordinary relationship disputes. An example of this is jealousy. Minor jealousy is usually not seen as a big deal. This behavior is not seen as controlling until one’s partner limits what a person can and cannot do. If the partner does not cooperate and violence becomes an issue, this is when abusive behavior

How do women who experience intimate partner violence create coping mechanisms for staying in the relationship or leaving. The term intimate partner violence is used to describe physical, sexual, or psychological harm done to an individual by a current or former partner or spouse. This type of violence can occur among heterosexual or same-sex couples (Centers for disease Control and Prevention [CSC], 2014). Intimate partner violence is a problem because even after a woman leaves the relationship she still has a chance of being abused by her former partner because he is angry at the fact that he no longer has control over her and that she actually left. This problem is significant because out of these women who have left, they not only get abused

According to Gosselin (2014), “Intimate partner violence refers to the pattern of violent and coercive behavior used to gain control in an intimate relationship.” (p. 43). In “What is Domestic Violence” (2010) intimate relationship violence is described as “an intentional (consciously or subconsciously) and methodical pattern of abusive tactics used to gain power and to exert control over the partner in order to meet the abuser’s needs.”

Currently group therapy and getting the victim into a safe house are the most used tools to help the victims of abusive relationships but this one size fits all model is not universally successful in prevention and treatment (Lothstein, 2015; Nicholas, 2013). Group sessions have been shown to be extremely effective in increasing knowledge and awareness of all types of relationship violence while increasing the opportunity to have conversations on such topics in many settings (Hays et al., 2015). For as effective as therapy

Every year in the United States, One in four women are victims of the domestic violence; however, this is only based on what has been reported to the department of justice (Stahly 2008). While men are also victims of domestic violence, women are more often the victims. Moreover, 90% of domestic violence is male initiated. In severe cases domestic violence ends with victims being murdered. More specifically, domestic violence resulted in 2,340 deaths in the United States in 2007, and 70% of those killed were females (CDC 2012). Many people think that victims have the option of leaving and many people blame victims for putting up with the abuse; what many people don 't know is, victims of domestic violence have many reasons preventing them from leaving their abusers, these reasons include, isolation, having children bounding them with the abuser and lack of financial support. "It 's never pretty when you leave an abusive and controlling relationship. The warden always protests when a prison gets shut down," says Dr. Steve Maraboli (qtd from web). Whether a victim stays or leaves their abuser, the outcomes of both situations are not always as easy as many people predict. In some situations, the outcomes of leaving may be very dangerous for both the victim and her children.

​Anger and violence happen at every level in the family, which ultimately destroys the family life, and it happens with couples, parents, children and also siblings. However, females have primarily been the target of violence (Payne & Wermeling, 2009). Domestic abuse is often recurring and it signifies that one partner in the relationship threatens the other psychologically, economically and sexually by harming them physically or threatening to harm them physically (Eisenstat & Bancroft, 1999). Domestic violence against women is a big issue in the United States (Crowell & Burgess, 1996), and the Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act, 2005, states that any act, that hurts or damages or that has the capability to hurt or damage is judged as an act of domestic violence, and the perpetrators can be both men and women. (Kaur, R. & Garg, S, 2008). Domestic violence and abuse not only encompasses physical abuse, but also emotional abuse (Nursing Standard, 2014). Therefore, violence against women can is not only physical, but psychological agression (Erez, 2002). Many female victims of domestic violence become victims of their own psychological experiences. For instance, when women are not financially independent, it can be limiting considering that they often face barriers when they decide to leave from an abusive situation, which impacts them psychologically. (Payne & Wermeling, 2009). Generally, the objects of abuse are women,

Domestic violence can be found in houses around the United States, affecting the people in it. In some cases it can cause a long term depression or potentially cause suicide, which is not a topic to be joking about, so the government creates programs to help the needed in their recovery and thus come the question that has wandered us all “Are these programs having their intended effect? Are they working to curb domestic violence?” As surprising as it sounds, there is a lot of argument on whether these programs are working and not working, and if it shows promising results of the patient’s recovery. When reading reports about patients with statements about domestic violence program are not having the intended effect on their patients thus, comes the development that domestic violence helping programs are not effective in recovering patients.