Intimate Partner Violence And Sexual Abuse

Approximately 1.3 million women each year are victims of physical assault by a partner in the United States, with larger numbers of such incidents not being reported (Herman, Rotunda, Williamson, & Vodanovich, 2014, p. 2). Intimate partner violence (IPV) is defined as sexual, physical, or psychological harm by a current or former partner or spouse, which can include sexual violence, psychological and emotional violence, or physical violence (Herman et al., 2014, p. 2). IPV is also known as dating violence, domestic violence, family violence, or spouse abuse.

The data covering Intimate Partner Violence in the United States (U.S.) is staggering and given that not every case is reported even more so.

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (n.d.) defines intimate partner violence (IPV) as a “serious, preventable public health problem that affects millions of Americans” (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, n.d., p. 1). Through the group discussions we have had in class I have learned that IPV is not a “one fit all” approach, the violence occurs in different levels of severity and frequency. There are four

Domestic violence is an epidemic in our society with dramatic, negative effects on individuals, families and communities. Domestic violence is a crime that knows no economic, racial, ethnic, religious, age or gender limits. Women who are victims of domestic violence most likely are also victims of sexual assault and, stalking. A domestic violence victim may experience systematic rape in addition to physical and psychological abuse. According to Backman, (p.54) nearly one in every four women are beaten or raped by a partner during adulthood. Three women are killed by a current or former intimate partner each day in America, on average women are at an increased risk of harm shortly after separation from an abusive partner.

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a pattern of aggressive behavior and coercive behavior that can include physical injury, psychological abuse, sexual assault, progressive isolation, stalking, and intimidation which may take many forms. IPV is a common and significant public health problem that is life threatening and preventable. It affects millions of women regardless of race, ethnicity, age, education, socioeconomic class, or sexual orientation. One in three women in the United States has experienced some form of IPV in their lifetime. (1)

Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) or Domestic Violence (DV) is “the willful intimidation, physical assault, battery, sexual assault, and/or other abusive behavior as part of a systematic pattern of power and control perpetrated by one intimate partner against another. (National Coalition Against Domestic Violence (NCADV), n.d.).” Many victims fail to report IPV because they only consider physical assault as a form abuse, however verbal abuse falls under IPV, as well as emotional and psychological abuse. In the state of California, 32.9% women and 27.3% have experienced some form of IPV, intimate partner sexual violence, or stalking (National Coalition Against Domestic Violence (NCADV), n.d.). In order to reduce the rates of IPV, batter intervention programs were created. The goal of these programs was to psychoeducate the batter on IPV and its effects in an effort to prevent recidivism. However, research has shown that these programs have not been very effective and that some improvements must be made.

Whenever a survivor recounts their experiences with intimate partner violence (IPV), one may think how does the perpetrator keep doing what they are doing and not see it as being wrong. Often, perpetrators rarely believe they are that they are abusers and rarely take total responsibility for their actions. They also normalize their actions by believing that certain types of abuse are more prevalent in society, perpetrators estimate that IPV is prevalent twice as much as the national average, and rape is prevalent three times as much as the national average (Miller-Perrin et al, 2017, p. 288). This can become an issue especially in the idea of treatment sessions with these men and women. If they don’t accept what they did was wrong, then treatment

What is Intimate Partner Violence and who does it affect? According to Wilcoxon, Remley, and Gladding (2013), “Domestic violence or intimate partner violence (IPV) have emerged in the professional literature as descriptors of chronic as well as episodic patterns of abuse, ranging from harsh criticism to aggressive brutality, between adults in intimate relationships” (p.105). IPV does not discriminate, it refers to both married and unmarried individuals. This type of violence affects men, woman, and children.

Intimate partner violence occurs among partners who are in a relationship. Such partners can either be married, engaged, and or dating and in either heterosexual or same-sex relationships. Both, male and females, can either be the victim or the perpetrator of such horrific episodes of violence against their partner. Women, for instance, are very aggressive and violent in self-defense while men, on the other hand, are most likely to engage in cycles of abuses and thus the notion that they are more violent and particularly against women (McLennan & MacMillan, 2016).

Like many woman, her attacker was the man she shared the best years of her life with, her husband. At this moment she continues to suffer psychologically from the experience she fell victim to. With this in mind, we will examine what constitutes intimate partner abuse, the risk and protective factors, and indicators of intimate partner abuse. As well as the victim’s frame of mind and experience regarding the areas to be discussed.

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a common international health concern that affects both men and women and has lifelong consequences. According to World health Organization “Worldwide, almost one-third (30%) of women who have been in a relationship report that they have experienced some form of physical and/or sexual violence by their intimate partner”.(WHO Jan 2015fact sheet 239). Wuest et al. (2010) describe intimate

Violence has become an enormous issue all around the world, but in the United Sates alone it has been estimated that nearly ten million people are abused in a time frame of only one year. According to Spitzberg, intimate partner violence is any behavior intended to inflict physical harm on someone in an ongoing interdependent or close relationship with the perpetrator. He has also specified that there many forms of intimate partner violence and he went on to fully explained the difference between aggression and intimate partner violence as well. Many scholars have done intense research on IPV and the research can be quite surprising as there have been many stigmas associated with violence and who are mostly the perpetrator in IPV. All the research

In the United States, nearly 20 people per minute are physically abused by a domestic partner. One-third of all women and one-quarter of all men have been the victims of physical violence at the hands of a partner. These statistics do not take into account other forms of abuse, such as mental and emotional abuse that both men and women suffer on a daily basis from those who profess to love them. In addition, domestic violence is one of the most underreported crimes with only 25 percent of physical assaults, 20 percent of rapes and 50 percent of all stalking cases reported to police. Statistics indicate that a woman will be assaulted by an abusive partner 35

This is a scholarly paper making focus on the very critical topic “Intimate Partner Violence”. Intimate Partner Violence has been considered to be as a significant public health problem in which various violence are included such as physical violence, sexual violence, stalking and psychological aggression getting by the aggrieved people from their current as well as future intimate partner. This problem has been considered as a very critical one as it impacts immediately and leaves the lifelong consequences on the victim. There are a number of studies that have been undertaken on this topic wherein a significant number of cases of death and injury were found due to intimate partner violence. The increasing rate of crime at the global level forces us to make focus on these topics so that; we can understand the real impact of the same over the future generation and corrective actions can be taken today.

Intimate Partner Violence is a major problem in this world. Unfortunately, it is a continuous cycle, that is passed on by parents to their children. Until IPV is completely diminished we will still continue to have these issues.