Intracervical Assessment System

Childbirth is one of the greatest privileges on the earth anyone could have and we, as women, should feel proud to be major contributors for it. Thus, a mother has to play a key role in aiding the healthcare workers to mitigate the health crisis associated with childbirth by performing her duties faithfully. One such associated health crisis is “Premature (preterm) birth” which occurs when the baby is born too early, before 37 weeks of gestational period (CDC, 2015). The rate of preterm birth ranges from 5% to 18% of babies born across 184 countries (WHO, 2015).

The assignment will be written in the style of the British Journal of Midwifery (BJM), the abstract is incorporated into this introduction and Harvard 2014 will be used for the referencing style.

The writer explained there could be no concern for fetal or maternal health during the delivery although some obstetricians tended to induce labor in all diabetic mothers to protect babies and mothers. Moreover, labor progress was supposedly assessed by old-fashioned methods, which resulted in performing unnecessary obstetrical practices. Intervention was imposed in cases of inaccurately labeled slow or abnormal labors and failures to progress. It is common practice that a primary cesarean generally produces subsequent surgical deliveries. The author realized that cesareans were performed because of insufficient data on laboring women’s

The conclusion was ultimately reached that medical or elective induction of term women was associated with an increased risk of cesarean delivery and that estimate was determined heavily based on the Bishop Scores attained The study closes by advising that induction of labor, whether it is medical or electively induced, should be avoided because a low Bishop score means that the cervix is unripe and even with cervical ripening agents, the study showed that the risk of cesarean delivery for nulliparous women remained unchanged. Their advice is to allow the mothers to spontaneously go into labor if they have an unfavorable Bishop score because it will lower cesarean delivery rates (Vrouenraets et al. 2005). This rationale directly correlates

A catalyst for unplanned cesarean deliveries are inappropriate elective inductions. Being that the direct consequence of inappropriate elective induction is a cesarean delivery, a change must occur in the elective induction process. In order to decrease cesarean delivery rates, the rates of inappropriate elective induction must be decreased. This

Over the years birthing methods have changed a great deal. When technology wasn’t so advanced there was only one method of giving birth, vaginally non-medicated. However, in today’s society there are now more than one method of giving birth. In fact, there are three methods: Non-medicated vaginal delivery, medicated vaginal delivery and cesarean delivery, also known as c-section. In the cesarean delivery there is not much to prepare for before the operation, except maybe the procedure of the operation. A few things that will be discussed are: the process of cesarean delivery, reasons for this birthing method and a few reasons for why this birthing method is used. Also a question that many women have is whether or not they can vaginally

As for the second simulation, the initial assessment was the same, so a head to toe was done on the patient and it was determined that she was in active labor. Next, she entered the traditional

According to “Human Sexuality: Diversity in Contemporary America,” women and couples planning the birth of a child have decisions to make in variety of areas: place of birth, birth attendant(s), medication, preparedness classes, circumcision, breast feeding, etc. The “childbirth market” has responded to consumer concerns, so its’ important for prospective consumers to fully understand their options. With that being said, a woman has the choice to birth her child either at a hospital or at home. There are several differences when it comes to hospital births and non-hospital births.

For almost all of the previous 25 years roughly, the knowledge of pregnancy, labor, and delivery has changed little for some women. But change is arriving to the most traditional establishing, the hospital.

Healthy childbirth is defined as a safe, natural process that rarely requires medical intervention (Goer & Romano, 2012). The medical model of care, however, often includes interventions that are not supported by the evidence and can increase a woman’s risk of having a cesarean section. These intrusions into labor and birth often lead to what has been called the “cascade of interventions” (DeClercq, Sakala, Corry,

Delivering a baby at 40 weeks gestation is optimal for mother and for baby. Spontaneous deliveries decrease the incidence of maternal and/or fetal complications (Bingham, Ruhl, & Cockey, 2013). Exploring ways to decrease elective deliveries that are not medically necessary in the current obstetric clinic setting is the point of interest. An important step in the reduction of non-medically necessary inductions is to develop and implement standardized protocols that can be used by all providers in any setting. The use of a standardized guideline offers advanced practice nurses (APN), certified nurse midwives (CNM), physicians and other providers a document to reference when scheduling induction procedures for patients. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations for induction of labor (World Health Organization [WHO], 2011) provides guidance and offers specific instances of induction, methods used to induce, management of complications and safe settings for induction. The purpose of this paper is to appraise an existing guideline to determine if the guideline might be used in the current obstetric clinic as it is written or if the guideline needs modifications.

G. F. Kennedy) The failure to dilate occurs when the cervix, lower passage of the womb, fails to dilate and delays or disallows birth. There are a few possible reasons for this to happen, including infectious abortive agents such as chlamydia is involved or iodine deficiency. Checking dilation is the first symptom to look for and if it hasn’t occurred then time is to be given to allow it however, “failure to dilate for an extended period of time with hard labour and the presence of a water bag probably needs veterinarian assistance and possibly a caesarean section.” (Mike Neary Extension Sheep Specialist, Purdue University). The process of caesarean sections have a slightly higher risk of death during delivery and lower the likelihood of falling pregnant the following year. This can be shown in a study taken between 1996 and 2004 by the Norwegian School of Veterinary Science. 162 ewes underwent caesareans and 162 underwent natural births. Out of the caesareans, 2 ewes died from illnesses they were exposed to in the unnatural process whereas only one of the ewes passed during delivery. Although the death rate of lambs did not differ significantly, although they were higher for caesareans, the numbers of ewes that went on to deliver the next year did. The ewes that delivered unnaturally had a reduced fertility and gave birth to less live born lambs the following

In many U.S. hospitals today the patient care that women receive during management of labor and delivery doesn’t look very evidenced based. Electronic fetal heart rate monitoring (EFM) is the most common form of intrapartal fetal assessment in the United States. We continue to see widespread use of EFM in low risk pregnancies. Electronic fetal monitoring is standard procedure despite numerous randomized controlled trials that have disproven its validity. It is routinely used, yet does not decrease neonatal morbidity or mortality compared to the use of intermittent auscultation. Intermittent auscultation of the fetal heart rate is an acceptable option for low-risk laboring women, yet it is underutilized in the hospital setting. Several expert organizations have proposed the use of intermittent auscultation as a means of promoting physiologic childbirth. So why do we use continuous EFM in the low risk pregnancy and what does the best evidence support and how can nurses apply the best available evidence to practice? As a patient advocate it is the nurses responsibility to answer these questions and provide the low-risk pregnant woman with current evidence about options for fetal heart rate assessment during labor.

monitor fetal heartbeat. In the first stage of labor , the neck of the uterus,

Pregnancy is normally the best and the happiest stage of any woman, but it can also be uncertain because anything can go wrong if you do not know exactly what to do. In order to understand the reasons of why Preterm Birth occurs, it is important to know what it is and how risky it can be. Preterm Birth is also known as Premature labor which mainly begins after “20 weeks but before 37 completed week’s gestations. Approximately 12.9 million babies worldwide are born too early every year representing an incidence of PTB of 9.6%” (Berghella, pp. 2, 8). Baby Center Medical Advisory Board says that about 12 percent of babies