Introduction. Bodies Rely Heavily On Oxygen Consumption

1. Dependent Variable. respiratory volumes 2. Independent Variable. level of physical activity [resting or exercising] 3. Controlled Variables. height; age; sex 4. Which respiratory volume was calculated? Breating rate, TV, ERV, and IRV. 5. What was the purpose of the nose clip? the nose clip was used for the lung function testing to prevent leakage with

The aim of the experiment is to find out how or if height affects lung capacity

The purpose of this lab was to understand how mammalian pulmonary and circulatory systems increase the delivery of oxygen to cells during exercise. The systems were examined by measuring pulse, vital capacity, ventilation rate, and the blood pressure at rest and immediately following short exercise. From these observations we measured the height, weight, body mass index (BMI) and smoking status in order to determine what may affect exercise (Barrilleaux, 2014).

The objective of this study was to determine the acute and immediate effects of cold and warm air exercise on pulmonary functioning testing (PFT) and the presence of exercise-induced bronchospasm (EIB) in seemingly healthy athletes. The researchers also wanted to conclude if there was a significant decrease of PFT variables like peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR), forced vital capacity (FVC), and forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1.0). The study included the participation of eight men and four women with a mean age of 31.6 + 4.8 years and 27.3 + 5.0 years respectively. Each runner had to confirm the following prior to participating in the experiment: 1) rid of any metabolic, cardiac, and respiratory diseases, 2) run at least 20 miles each week, and 3) land within 21 and 45 years old. The experiment occurred in January in Minnesota. The two settings were an outside course and a treadmill indoors with a 6% grade and speed adapted to accommodate the runners’ 85-95% maximal heart rate (MHR).

COPD is a heterogeneous disease with features that are not captured by the measurement of forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1; Vestbo et al., 2008). In addition to the effects seen in the lungs, a significant proportion of individuals with COPD develop

The results of the experiment generally provided evidence in support of the hypothesis. The data collected for the heart rates of the subjects provided strong evidence in support of the hypothesis since Figure 1 illustrates an increase in the heart rates of all subjects during the exercise phase of the procedure. This increase is demonstrated by a general positive slope for the three lines during the exercise phase. The data for the carbon dioxide clearance and oxygen consumption also provided strong evidence in favor of the hypothesis. Figure 2 has a positive slope for all subjects throughout the exercise phase. Figure 3, however, has an initial positive slope for all subjects near the beginning of the exercise, but later levels off midway through the exercise. A potential explanation for this observation is that the body may have a limit on the volume of oxygen that can be inhaled per unit of time, even during physical stress. Another unusual occurrence in Figure 3 is the drastic increase in oxygen consumption for Subject 2 during the recovery phase.

The overarching goal of this experiment was to measure respiratory volumes and capacities using spirometry (Marieb & Smith, 2016). Spirometry is a technique which makes use of a device known as a spirometer in order to determine values for inspiratory reserve volume, tidal volume, expiratory reserve volume, as well as others, and thus has a practical use in the fields of anatomy and medicine (Marieb & Smith, 2016). Consequently, since this experiment deals extensively with the processes involved in respiration, it is essential to have a sufficient level of background information on the anatomy and physiology of the lungs (Marieb & Smith, 2016). The lungs are an essential part of the respiratory system, since their main purpose is to perform

TABLE 2: This table represents the lung capacity of people who don’t do exercise at all, their lung capacity was measured with the balloon who after that was introduce into the bucket and water was represented en ml in the table below.

Lung function test is essential to monitor client’s lung function, however, since a peak flow meter or a spirometer may not be affordable for the client, the method for making a self-made spirometer could be demonstrated so as to allow the client perform lung function test, and monitor the lung function daily. And in order to facilitate a better understanding, a video will be given to the client to revise.

Forced breathing (such as during exercise) and speech breathing require greater muscle involvement for both the inhalation and exhalation portions of the respiratory cycle. Speech breathing involves rapid, forceful inspirations, and proportionally less time is spent inhaling than spent exhaling (Owens, Metz, & Farinella, 2011). The muscles of forced inhalation (see Appendix B) assist by increasing the size of the thoracic cavity, allowing more air to enter the lungs. In addition, the muscles of forced inhalation contribute to the “checking” action that maintains support of the ribcage, preventing collapse (Taylor, 1960). The muscles of forced exhalation (see Appendix B) force the diaphragm upward, compressing the ribs, and thereby allowing the speaker to control the flow of air necessary for

As seen in Figure 2, boys have a larger lung capacity than girls no matter what classification they are. The average lungs of a male weigh about 1060 grams and the lungs of a female weigh 930 grams (4). Throughout a normal day, the human lungs can hold around 8,000 to 9,000 liters of air while there is always one liter that stays in the lungs (4). The results of this experiment supported the hypothesis based on males having a larger lung capacity even though the male singers had a larger lung capacity compared to male athletes (Figure

Humans can survive without food or water for days, but can only survive a few minutes without oxygen. This is because the brain cells are incapable of functioning without it, and build-up of carbon-dioxide in the body is highly toxic The respiratory system, which includes air passages, pulmonary vessels, the lungs, and breathing muscles, provides oxygenated blood to the body tissues and removes waste gases.Not only must the lungs be supplied with air and blood, but the two must be evenly matched to ensure efficient gas exchange by diffusion can occur (Hinchliff et al 1988). Although the lungs are able to with stand abuse in the form of smoke and other pollutants, a number of disorders impair its function. This report is to look at one of the disorders, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD).

The hypothesis of the factors affecting the vital capacity and breathing rate is that one’s vital capacity and breathing rate are affected by his/her surrounding, including living situation and lifestyle habits, etc. The suggested considerations are gender, age, height, his/her current health condition, medical history, smoking habits, connections with second hand smokes, frequency of exercise, and living environment. Gender may affect one’s vital capacity because males have some missing genetic information (XY) while females have the entire set of genetic information (XX), perhaps the missing genetic information dictates one’s vital capacity similar to why males have a higher chances of being colour blind than females; or the “extra” genetic information females having suppresses the growth of lungs sizes and body sizes which leads to a normal male has a greater vital capacity than a

Spirometry as a measure of lung function provides complementary information that is not provided by other outcome variables.

Aim: To investigate the relationship between exercise levels and respiratory functions. Hypothesis: If respiratory functions are measured after different exercise levels are completed, then there will be an increase in those functions which include heart rate, breathing rate and carbon dioxide production levels. Materials: Test tube rack Safety glasses