Investigated The Characteristics Of ( EDFA ) Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier?

This phenomenon suggest that maximum power is transferred from the coupling port to the DRA when k =1 so in view of it a particular excitation method is selected.

Attenuation misfortune can be as low as 0.2 dB/km in optical fiber cables, permitting transmission over long distances without the requirement for repeaters.

Athul Baby1 , Charly Joseph2 ,Mathews Abraham3, Sony V Vayalil4 Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering HKCET, Pampakuda Ernakulam, India

Optical Fiber Corporation (OFC) is a financially successful, albeit relatively small manufacturer of multimode optical fibers. The company was founded in 1990. The founders were able to enter the market largely on the basis of acquiring patent licenses from larger optical fiber firms. These licenses restricted competition between the entities and provided OFC with instant access to optical fiber technology. In return, OFC’s customer base is limited by the license agreements and royalties of 7% on sales of licensed products (recently renegotiated to 9%) are paid to the licensors. Despite these handicaps the firm has grown in size and profitability. OFC makes several types

Analysts forecast the Global Fiber Laser market to grow at a CAGR of 21.9 percent over the period 2013-2018. One of the key factors contributing to this market growth is the increasing adoption of fiber lasers due to their superior attributes. The Global Fiber Laser market has also been witnessing increased R&D spending by vendors in the market. However, the uncertainty in lifespan of fiber lasers could pose a challenge to the growth of this market.

The following report will analyse the current modern techniques used in fibre-optic systems. Briefly examine the origins and history of lightwave systems. Followed by discussing the main techniques that are currently used within the design of fiber-optic, the main concerns regarding theoretical and design issues. Carrying on to discuss the advantages, disadvantages, possible risks and the possible solutions for those. To conclude on the future development of fibre-optic and how the mentioned techniques can be used in other systems.

One direct method for increasing the capacity of a system is to raise the transmission bandwidth per wavelength either optically or electronically. In optical communication, there are two broadly used techniques for increasing the capacity of the transmission. The first technique is to spread-out the bandwidth by adding numerous optical carriers. This technique has already been slow and deployed and it is known as Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM). Wavelength Division Multiplexing can benefit to extend the transmission bandwidth by adding various transceivers for the current optical fiber links deprived of the need to install other fiber links. WDM is considered as one of the most cost effective methods to raise the optical fiber link quantity. The second technique is to extend the electronic bandwidth per wavelength relying on the CMOS technology.

SDM (space division multiplexing) has been putforth by Savory. SDM is extremely challenging technology, of requiring developments in all areas of Photonics Technology. The optical communication systems are being upgraded every day .There is a rapid development taking place in this field at the global level in the space division multiplexing. Space Division Multiplexing (SDM) is conceptually simple, SDM is extremely challeng technologically, requiring the development of new fibers, amplifiers, multiplexers, digital signal processing circuits, and other components. The multiplexing means the utilization of channel by the

Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing is considered as highly successful communication model compares to conventional communication models because of low sensitivity to multipath propagation and eminent spectral efficiency. OFDM too

The Optical gain in Optical amplifier can be defined as the ratio of the optical signal power at the input to the optical signal power at the output. This can de also shown by the formula ;,

Abstract. Coherent Optical-Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (CO-OFDM) technique is extensively reconnoitered for next generation optical communication system emerges attractive pathway towards future implementation of 1 Tb/s Ethernet systems. This paper proposed the design of 100 Gb/s CO-OFDM system based on the dual polarization of signal. The performance of 100 Gb/s CO-OFDM system using Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) format transmitted over 576 km optical link using standard SMF is evaluated. The performance of the system in terms of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), bit error rate (BER), laser linewidth, chromatic dispersion and receiving constellation diagram to accomplish excellent system. Eventually, dual polarization based CO-OFDM system has high spectral efficiency as compared to conventional CO-OFDM and invokes enhance track for the high-speed optical communication system.

The principle goal of MIMO technology is to improve either the quality (BER) or the data rate of the communication by means of adequate signal processing techniques at both ends of the system. The capacity can increase linearly with the number of antennas when using MIMO system. MIMO can obtain both multiplexing gain and diversity gain thus significantly increasing the system capacity as well as improving the reliability of the wireless link. Having high spectral

Department of Electrical, Electronic and Systems Engineering Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia 43600 UKM, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia

Abstract: This paper discusses the design of a fiber optic communication system which is used to support a date rate of about 400Gbps over a length of around 3000Km using a laser power source around to 1550nm. The design includes both the internal and external modulation.

The performance of spectrally efficient WDM system is analyzed in terms of Q-factor, BER and optical spectrum of the signal. Q-factor is given as:-