Problem Formulation: This study aims to investigate patterns of mortality among women experiencing violence. The researcher’s identified the issue of exposure to violence as “a serious social problem” which has different effects on men and women. The article elaborated on these differences in which women are more often the victims of intimate partner violence whereas men tend to be subjected to violence by unknown perpetrators. Furthermore, the article emphasized that reporting as victims of violence varies significantly within the population, essentially due to the different meanings of “victim of violence” in other studies. The researcher’s provided thorough information on the effects of violence against women, these ranging from the harms faced to their autonomy as well as their reliability. In other cases may face troubles in relationships with family and friends, experience economic & social strains, and face serious health problems. The importance of this study is openly expressed by the article. The researcher’s draws attention by stating that the number of contacts with the health care services is much greater for women who are victims of domestic violence in comparison to those of physical disorders. The researcher’s also indicated that other factors such as age may contribute to the prevalence of violence and to the exposure to violence. The specific research question(s) asked: Do women victims of severe violence have an increased risk of premature death (a) in
Statistic’s have suggested violence is perpetrated against women in almost half of all marriages (Domestic Violence).Statistic’s gathered from 1994 indicate domestic violence causes almost 100,000 days of hospitalization, 30,000 emergency room visits, 40,000 trips to the doctor every year, and 50% of all homeless woman and their children are fleeing domestic violence( Domestic Violence).
This is because the bodies tasked with creating awareness will adequately inform the victims, perpetrators, as well as the general public on the identification and effects of domestic violence, and the prevention strategies of domestic violence between intimate partners. At the same time, it will be instrumental in pooling together affirmative actions that are necessary in reducing any further occurrences of domestic violence between intimate partners. Domestic Violence especially between intimate partners is linked to a multitude of negative social and health outcomes. When it comes to this type of domestic violence, women are more affected than men. As such, it is women that report more severe injuries as a result of the violence they face. The cycle of domestic violence between intimate partners describes a pattern of recurring violence, as well as the tendency for violence to keep escalating over time. Therefore, one of the most unwanted effects of domestic violence is homicide. Women are more likely to seek support whenever they experience violence. However, this is not always possible because such women are faced with various barriers when accessing services, which ultimately affect their decisions to remain or leave an abusive relationship. Such barriers include stigma, racism, as well as gender discrimination that further limit their access to numerous services and compromise their health and
Through, the years Domestic abuse and police arrests has impacted society because the police officers failed to provide equal protection towards women who are victims towards sexual abuse. Therefore, the policy reform was established to reduce crimes and political power. However, violent crimes have been categorized with higher rates of proscution.Women were not provided with equal protection against domestic abuse and increased the rate of victims who are incarcerated. Women who encountered domestic violence have been arrested for self-defense. Victims of domestic abuse have been physically forced and violently assault in order to take advantage of them and form authority over them. In order to understand the social world we need to include women experiences towards domestic violence and mandatory arrest in order to reduce crimes and prevent victims from being incarcerated.
This began to change in the 1980s, as women’s groups were organized locally and internationally to demand attention to the physical, psychological, and economic abuse of women (p.369-370). Domestic violence is a serious social issue that happens to many women in our world today. This type of abuse is not declining but continually rising on a daily basis. There have been issues in the past with the way these cases were being handled. Today, there has been some improvement concerning the laws that have been enforced in order to protect women from this type of abuse. There has been extensive research done on this issue in the past concerning domestic violence. Over the last ten years there have been a number of surveys on domestic violence that have been published from around the world.
Intimate partner violence (IPV) is described a psychological, emotional, sexual or physical harm to a person by their spouse or former partner (Breiding et al, 2015). National reports have revealed that about one in three women experience IPV (Sharron et al, 2015). Intimate partner violence is a growing epidemic in the United States. However, recent studies have focused on rural regions, such as Appalachia.
The Purpose of this paper is to understand what Domestic violence is and it will also describe the justice system and how it fails to help the victims of domestic violence.
Domestic violence exists everywhere and affects all people regardless of socioeconomic status, sexual orientation, sex, ethnicity, or religion. Most times physical violence is accompanied by emotional abuse and controlling behaviors. The result of domestic violence includes physical injury, psychological issues, and death. Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) occurs in 1 of 4 women in the United States and can be correlated with a loss of emotional, social, physical and mental health. Intimate Partner Violence is an issue that does not receive a lot of recognition and is overlooked majority of the time. There is a lot of information on women in intimate partner violence relationships that explains how it affects women physically, mentally, and socially.
Violence against women is a substantial public health problem in the United States. According to data from the criminal justice system, hospital, and medical records, mental health records, social services, and surveys, thousands of women are injured or killed each year as a result of violence, many by someone they are involved with or were involved with intimately. Nearly one-third of female homicide victims are killed by an intimate partner (Federal Bureau of Investigation 2001). Throughout this, many will read about intimate partner violence also called
Domestic violence effects every nationality from the poor to the young spreading through generations of every culture. Domestic abuse is a growing problem that affects millions of people in all types of relationships. The emotions that accompanies through domestic violence causes pain through physical assaults and long lasting psychological trauma. The long extensive abuse leads to death. There are several areas of domestic violence. In this comparison study I will identify and describe four major areas of domestic violence, which include physical abuse, mental/emotional abuse, sexual abuse, and domestic homicide. In this study I will also identify how these areas of domestic violence affect the countries of The United States of America, Japan, Russia, Canada and Africa.
Throughout the years, there have been immense efforts to expand knowledge about the experiences women have endured in violent relationships. The emergence of internal, external risk factors, correlates, and causes of intimate partner violence has increased rapidly in recent decades. Although there has been a rise in many supportive groups, there are still various barriers that exist and prohibit women from seeking help to detach themselves from a violent relationship. In reading Roz story, I have learned of the many barriers to understand, “why couldn’t she just leave?” Although this question may have no straight answer and may even have hindered implications, I feel that patriarchy plays a role in this intimate partner violence. The
Furthermore, death is an extreme outcome of intimate partner violent in women (Guggisberg, 2006). Women who are victims of intimate partner violence are four times more likely to have suicidal ideation than non-abused women (Guggisberg, 2006). However, death goes both ways for women who have been victims of abusive relationships; they commit suicide or they kill their abusers (Guggisberg, 2006). Traditional attitudes towards intimate partner violence being a private matter and victim blaming still exists in our society (Renner & Markward, 2009). Therefore, some professionals are a bit hesitant to help victims affected by intimate partner violence. The damaging effect of fear and anxiety is a contribution of psychological factors from intimate partner violence Renner & Markward (2009) reported that mental health disorder correlates with an increase in suicidal rates (Renner & Markward, 2009). Furthermore, a strong risk factor of suicide in abusive relationships survivors is mental health issues (Renner & Markward, 2009). Ministerial Council for Suicide Prevention (2004) as cited by (Guggisberg, 2006) found that 57% of people who commit suicide were diagnosed with a form of psychiatric disorder in the months prior. Furthermore, more than half the people who committed suicide have made at least one other attempt go end their lives. Taff (2004) as cited
“Domestic violence is a type of abuse by one or both partners in marriage, friends, family, dating or cohabitation” (Aziz & Mahmoud, 2010). There are many forms of abuse from verbal and emotional to physical that often escalates over time in intensity for the victim. Data from the criminal justice system, hospital patient medical records and mental health records, police reports, surveys and social services reports of thousands of women revealed that many are injured and killed as a result of violence from someone close to them. “The US Office on Violence Against Women (OVW) defines domestic violence as a pattern of abusive behavior in any relationship that is used by one partner to gain or maintain power and control over another intimate partner regardless of race, age, sexual orientation, religion, or gender” (Robertson & Murachver, 2009). Researchers and the criminal justice system have not been able to agree on a clear definition to domestic violence which can range from physical injury, stalking, verbal abuse and humiliation, denial of shelter and access to money, and intimidation through aggressive behaviors. The definition of domestic violence may vary but the results from physical injury, mental and emotional trauma, and sometimes even death can last a life time.
In 2015, an Australian woman was killed in result of domestic violence by their husband, boyfriend or partner. Domestic violence can impact the victim’s health according to (Kristen 2003), abuse by husbands, boyfriends or partners can be linked to physical health to woman even though their not in an abusive relationship with their partner, it still impacts their health such as; getting anxiety, depression, mental illness. The majority of common injuries to women is by their current or former partner which is domestic violence the injuries that accrue from cuts, bruises and scars (Guth & Pachter 2000). Women have experienced three types of different injuries by their partners
Articles found in the review of literature discussed various screening tools and methods that can be used to successfully identify women involved in intimate partner violence. Journals typically reporting on this topic were all known to be scholarly journals such as Journal of Perinatology, European Journal of Public Health, European Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Nordic Federation of Societies of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maternal Child Health Journal and Journal of Clinical Nursing. Seven studies were found that investigated the prevalence of IPV in women during pregnancy using the Abuse Assessment Screen in various countries during different stages of pregnancy (Bunn et al., 2009; Hellmuth, Gordon, Stuart, & Moore, 2013; Keeling & Mason, 2011; Lutgendorf, Thagard, Rockswold, Busch, & Magann, 2012; Massumi Okada, Komura Hoga, Vilela Borges, Sartori, & Aparecida Belli, 2015; Roelens, Verstraelen, Van Egmond, & Temmerman, 2008). In two of the studies, the population studied were pregnant women in the first trimester and postpartum (Hellmuth et al., 2013; Keeling & Mason, 2011). The next study only looked at women who were postpartum (Massumi Okada et al., 2015). Another study studied women in their third trimester (Velasco, Luna, Martin, Caño, & Martin-de-Las-Heras, 2014). Three studies looked at pregnant women across all trimesters (Hammoury & Khawaja, 2007; Lutgendorf et al., 2012; Roelens et al., 2008). The final two
Domestic violence has had a widespread, international effect on intimate relationships with both men and women acting as aggressors and victims. Though domestic violence is an international issue, with many women being affected in non-Western and developing countries, much of the research and literature has focused on Western countries. However, as this is such an international problem, it is essential to draw research from areas affected by rampant domestic violence all over the world. It is also essential to study and document the occurrence of domestic violence against every age, as it can start among couples in their early teens all the way to elderly couples. This paper reflects on four peer-reviewed articles concerning factors and circumstances that often lead to higher incidences of domestic violence as well as ways to combat this issue. Through studying various peer-reviewed articles concerning domestic violence, many issues were identified that seemed to be associated with increased levels of domestic violence. For instance, male dominance and female dependence often correlated with a higher level of domestic violence. It is imperative that access to education, as well as greater awareness to the issue of domestic violence, be increased throughout the world in order to prevent and diminish the occurrence of domestic violence. It is also important to begin teaching children about domestic violence and how to avoid engaging in and be able to leave violent