Investigating The Efficiency Of The Antibacterial Properties Of Some Named Handwashe Detergents On Escheria Coli And Stahpilococcus Aureus

Rubbing alcohol, also known as isopropyl alcohol “refers to two water-soluble chemical compounds—ethyl alcohol and isopropyl alcohol—that have generally underrated germicidal characteristics” (“Guideline for Disinfection and Sterilization in Healthcare Facilities”). Ethyl alcohol kills bacteria in two ways: “protein denaturation and dissolving the lipid membrane” (“How Does Ethyl Alcohol Kill Bacteria?“). Next, Betadine, also known as Povidone-iodine is a solution [that is] often used in hand scrubs and hand rubs in hospital settings” (Ngan). It is used in “Treating minor wounds and infections, as well as killing bacteria” (“Povidone/ iodine solution”). Povidone-iodine’s way of killing bacteria is still being researched and “is yet to be fully understood, [but] it appears to have the ability to penetrate the cell wall of bacteria and affect their structure and function. This ensures their rapid destruction and helps protect against wound and skin infection” (“What is an Antiseptic”). Germ-X Hand Sanitizer is a hand gel that is used for waterless “washing” of hands to kill germs on the surface. It is an antiseptic primarily used by those who want to kill germs quickly and cannot wash their hands (Samuels). The formula contains about 63 percent ethyl alcohol according to livestrong.com (Samuels). Neosporin is a topical antibiotic used to

OBJECTIVE The objective for Rabie and Curtis (2006) was to determine the influence of hand washing on the risk of respiratory infection. METHOD The method adopted by Rabie and Curtis (2006) was to study a number of primary and review articles from five diverse databases before June 2004 in differing languages, to create a systematic review. Included in the review were studies which identified the impact of an intervention to promote hand cleansing on respiratory infections. Studies regarding hospital-acquired infections, long-term care facilities and the elderly were excluded. All studies were then evaluated where a conclusive decision was reached by consensus. Interestingly, from a primary list of 410 articles, only eight interventional studies reached the eligibility criteria. RESULTS The eight eligible studies disclosed that hand washing with antiseptic soap lowered risks of respiratory infection; the risk reduction identified as being from 6% to 44% and this range figures implied that hand washing can indeed reduce the risk of respiratory infection by 16% (Rabie and Curtis 2006). CONCLUSION Rabie and Curtis (2006) concluded that the studies collected were of insufficient quality and only one of the studies related to severe disease as well as none of the studies related

9. After the 48 hour time period the inhibition of the Escherichia coli bacteria around the disinfectant disks was measured. A ruler was used to measure the clearing from the edge of the disk to the perimeter of the clearing. Irregularities in the clearing were not included in the area of clearing.

This experiment illustrates the importance of handwashing and proves that hand washing is worth it. Since our hands are constantly coming into contact with ourselves and others, touching surfaces, grabbing objects, being sneezed into, etc., keeping our hands clean is one of the most effective, yet simple way we can take to avoid getting sick and spreading germs to others. Many diseases and conditions are spread by not washing hands with soap and clean, running warm water. “The human skin is a host to anywhere between 10,000-10,000,000 bacteria per square centimeter and since health care providers come into contact with pathogenic bacteria by being engaged in patient care, hand washing can reduce the risk of spreading diseases (page 3).” The objective of the experiment is to test the effectiveness of hand washing and demonstrate normal flora. This report presents the procedures and materials for the experiment, the experiment's results, and an analysis of those results.

AIM – The aim of the experiment is to determine the relative effectiveness of several anti-microbial substances on developing pathogens. (E. coli)

Hospital acquired infections are a big problem today, but the use of disinfectants by the medical staff can help to avoid or limit such exposures to pathogens. The authors’ main purpose of this research article was to educate and teach the importance of hand hygiene and test the reason why certain virucidal hand-rubs result in poor compliance due to the poor tolerability of the products. The overall goal with the study would to show the reason certain hand rubs are not being used and how to improve their formula to increase compliance. The article written by the author was very well written with a thorough abstract. The study was very easy to follow and read, due to the well thought out structure of the article. The authors introduction starts out by stating the approximate amount of hospital acquired infections in the European Union and why hand sanitizers play an important role to avoid such infections. The introductions statement showed the importance of the topic. Although some of the results were complicated and confusing, the discussion laid out the results in layman

The aim of this investigation was to find out which antiseptics were most effective at preventing the growth of bacteria.

To help the prevention of infection spreading is by knowing the method of washing your hand because we carry most bacteria sue to the open air that we come in contact with. For example we use are hands to shake hands with someone holding or touching objects. When you are performing any form of hand hygiene you will need to make sure that you have washed your hand with anti-bacterial liquid soap; this is to help prevent any bacteria which we already have on our hands. In all health and social care settings an automatic liquid dispenser should be placed so that when washing hands any individual doesn’t touch or need to even sneeze any part of the liquid

Rayner (2003) affirms this by stating that appropriate hand washing effectively removes transient organisms, which

There is a seven step procedure required to perform in order to follow the correct hand wash technique (World Health Organization, 2009). Wetting hands with warm water confirms whether temperature is comfortable enough to use, whilst making the process of hand wash faster. However if hands are left dry beforehand, it will damage the skin. Depending on the soap or alcohol rub applied on the hand surface, it will allow the liquid cleanser to kill all the bacteria within surfaces of the hands (Jamieson et al 2007). The hand procedure is roughly 40 to 60 seconds, this includes rubbing hands palm to palm. Rubbing the back of both hands with the other hand interlaced. Fingers entwined from palm to palm. Fingers entwined with back of fingers to opposite palms. Rubbing both thumbs within opposite hands rotationally. Rub fingers rotationally, backwards and forwards over each palm. By completing this procedure, it will ensure that the all surfaces of the hands are as antiseptic as possible removing all bacteria at present, yet it is impossible to keep the hands sterile as there is always the chance of the hands becoming decontaminated again. Afterwards, rinse the soap off quickly as long term effects of soap on an individual’s hand is that can

Identify your new learning, giving rationale for your choice of this topic ………….…………… Page 2

The study conducted will determine whether hand washing is more effective in the prevention of hospital acquired infections instead of hand sanitizing. This study will focus on nurses working in the Emergency Service department. It will be conducted for a total of twelve weeks for patients ages 40-60 years old. My research question is; For patients ages 40-60 in an ER department does the use of hand washing on non-visibly soiled hands by the nursing staff reduce the risk of hospital acquired infections over a 12 week period compared with using hand sanitizer instead? While conducting this study a comparison of hand washing and hand sanitizing will be done. Both methods will be evaluated in order to determine which is more effective in different

The main objective of this experiment is to investigate the effect of different types of antibiotics on bacteria Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli. Some of the main methods used in this experiment

Curtis et al (2001) noted that modern methods of promoting handwashing can be effective and cost-effective on a large scale. Studies suggest that soap is widely available, even in poor households in developing countries, although it is mostly used for bathing and washing clothes (Borghi et al, 2002). In rural India and Bangladesh, soap is often considered a beautifying agent or for the physical feeling of cleanliness which it gives, rather than being associated with the removal of microorganisms or health benefits (Hoque and Briend, 1991; Hoque et al, 1995).

My signature indicates that this document represents my own work. Excluding shared data, the information, thoughts and ideas are my own, except as indicated in the references. I have submitted an electronic copy through Balckboard to be scanned by TurnItIn.com. In addition, I have not given aid to another student on this assignment.