Iodine Clock Reaction Lab Report

Investigations into the mechanics of chemical kinetics can reveal invaluable information relating to the rates of reaction. There are numerable applications of reaction rates, knowledge in this area is pivotal for industrial, commercial and research sectors. Thus, allowing them the ability to manipulate a variety of factors of chemical reactions with the use of reaction rates. In the scope of the kinetics of clock reactions, there is a range of information that can be obtained about reaction rates (Shakhashiri, 1992).

Aim: The aim of this experiment is to observe how by increasing the temperature of sodium thiosulfate in a solution with 2.0 molar Hydrochloric acid can affect the rate of reaction and the rate in which a precipitate is formed.

There are three stages of the overall reaction. Reaction 1 is the rate determining reaction whereby iodide ions from Potassium Iodide (KI) are oxidised by Hydrogen Peroxide (H₂O₂) in an acidic solution. This reaction utilises the Hydrogen ion from Sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) to form triiodide ions and water as products (B Z. Shackhashiri, 1992).

The iodination of O-acetylsalicylamide under the same conditions of this experiment would be slower than Salicylamide, because O-acetylsalicylamide has an amine group, a carboxyl group, and no hydroxyl group, which means that the sodium hypochlorite solution would not be able to deprotonate the Hydroxyl group, thus not allowing a solid precipitate to form, and Hydrochloric acid would not be able to add any Hydrogen atoms due to the Octet rule. The only way that Hydrogen could be added is by breaking double bonds and stabilization (Resonance). And steric hindrance would be another key facet slowing the addition of an Iodine ion to the

Three factors that can affect the rate of reaction are temperature, pH and the salinity.

The rate of a chemical reaction often depends on reactant concentrations, temperature, and if there’s presence of a catalyst. The rate of reaction for this experiment can be determined by analyzing the amount of iodine (I2) formed. Two chemical reactions are useful to determining

In this Crystal Violet Kinetics Lab, many procedures were performed order to experimentally determine the rate constant(k), for the rate of the reaction of the crystal violet solution and sodium hydroxide. To start, a Beers Law calibration experiment was conduction. Also, two kinetic experiments were ran using both 5ml and 10ml of sedum hydroxide in order to determine the reaction order(k^1), of the sodium hydroxide.

Seven test tubes were labeled numerically with 2 mL of VO3- and H2SO42- added to each tube. A small pea size portion of solid Na2SO3 was added to the first test tube. Then, 20 drops of distilled water were added to the second test tube. In the third test tube, 20 drops of (.2 M) NaBr were added. Then, to drops of (.2 M) NaNO2 were added into the fourth test tube. A small portion of Fe(NH4)2(SO4)2 * 6H2O was added into the fifth test tube. The sixth test tube had 20 drops of (.2 M) H2Cr2O4 added, where the seventh test tube was the control tube with no additional chemicals added. All the test tubes were left to react for 3 minutes and then heated in a heated bath for approximately 20 minutes.

to compare the results, and neither solution was expected to produce an observable chemical reaction. The procedure was the same as used for the test with 6M HNO3 and 0.1M AgNO3 solution and the test with 6M HCl and 0.1M BaCl2 solution. A third experiment used was the flame test. First, a scoopula was used to place 0.1 grams of the unknown compound in a test tube, and a wash bottle was used to add approximately 2 mL of deionized water to create a solution.

The k value in run 7 is 75% of that in run 5. This will be directly related to the addition of KNO3 in run 5 and H2O in run 7. These will make different ionic concentrations, resulting in the change in rate constant

After getting the results of the 5 different concentrations using the formula c=A/εl (Lambert-Beer Law). So a new graph was created using the concentration plotted versus the time (s). The final rates of the reactions for the five different trial were first trial was 0.5 mM/s , second trial 0.3 mM/s , third trial 0.05 mM/s , fourth trial 0.03 mM/s , and for the fifth was 0.005 mM/s. the final result of the curve line was not that accurate because of the trial 4th that was a little off.

The independent variable for this experiment is the temperature of the water bath, as this is what factor is changing throughout the practical. The temperatures will be ranging from 10°C to 50°C in ten degree increments. This will allow for the effect of temperature on the rate of reaction to be

There were four different experiments to conduct, which were observed in order to obtain data regarding the reaction and outcome. For each reaction, a test tube is needed and the desired amounts of each substance to be used. A Bunsen burner, tong, and droppers were also needed to perform the experiments. Proper standard lab attire is needed to perform the lab, along with gloves, an apron, and protective goggles. This is to avoid any harm for each student.

HCl concluded to be zeroth order but generally reacted faster than Na2S2O3, which was first order. The rate law for this reaction is rate=k[Na2S2O3]. Both reactions, when graphed, showed a straight line though. The average reaction time with HCl was 44 sec (well #1), 53.1 sec (well #2), and 61.2 sec (well #3). Resulting in a reaction rate of 0.012 sec-1 (well #1), 0.019 sec-1 (well #2), and 0.16 sec-1 (well #3). While the average reaction time for Na2S2O3 was 33.4 sec (well #4), 81.48 sec (well #5), and 121.22 sec (well #6). Causing the reaction rate to be 0.03 sec-1 (well #4), 0.012 sec-1 (well #5), and 0.0082 sec-1 (well #6). These results are accurate and can be considered

Chemical kinetics involving reaction rates and mechanisms is an essential part of our daily life in the modern world. It helps us understand whether particular reactions are favorable and how to save time or prolong time during each reaction. Experiment demonstrated the how concentration, temperature and presence of a catalyst can change the rate of a reaction. 5 runs of dilution and reaction were made to show the effect of concentration on chemical reactions. A certain run from the previous task was twice duplicated to for a “hot and cold” test for reaction rate. The prior run was again duplicated for a test with