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Ions in Our Daily Life

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An ion is an atom or molecule in which the total number of electrons is not equal to the total number of protons, giving it a net positive or negative electrical charge. The name was given by physicist Michael Faraday for the substances that allow a current to pass ("go") between electrodes in a solution, when an electric field is applied. It is from Greek ιον, meaning "going." The word ion also is responsible for electrical current being symbolized by the letter i in chemistry and physics.

An anion (pronounced /ˈæn.aɪ.ən/ AN-eye-ən), from the Greek word ἄνω (ánō), meaning "up", is an ion with more electrons than protons, giving it a net negative charge (since electrons are negatively charged and protons are positively charged). …show more content…

One particular cation (that of hydrogen) contains no electrons, and thus is very much smaller than the parent hydrogen atom.
Natural Occurrences

Ions are ubiquitous in nature and are responsible for diverse phenomena from the luminescence of the Sun, and the existence of ionosphere on Earth. Atoms in their ionic state may have a different color from neutral atoms, and thus light absorption by metal ions gives the color of gemstones. In both inorganic and organic chemistry (including biochemistry), the interaction of water and ions is extremely important (an example is the energy that drives breakdown of ATP. The following sections describe contexts in which ions feature prominently and are arranged in decreasing physical length-scale, from the astronomical to the microscopic.
Astronomical
The remnant of "Tycho's Supernova", a huge ball of expanding plasma. The outer shell shown in blue is X-ray emission by high-speed electrons.
Main article: Plasma (physics)

A collection of non-aqueous gas-like ions, or even a gas containing a proportion of charged particles, is called a plasma. >99.9% of visible matter in the Universe may be in the form of plasmas.[3] These include our Sun and other stars, the space between planets, as well as the space in between stars. Plasmas are often called the fourth state of matter because its properties are substantially different from

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