IPv4 vs. IPv6
Dorina Dibra South Eastern European University dorina.dibra@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Network improvement has become follower in today’s modern life. The more we work the more we are affected to network and thus normally having always new requirements. To implement more efficient methods is needed first to predicate them. This predication needs to be developed before the requirements are very high. Users always expect more from networking while they compare old and current methods they’re working on. If network improvement performs poorly it would damage many businesses, consumer satisfaction etc, thus forthcoming of network should always be improved and not go down. One of the greatest improvements made on network field was
…show more content…
What IPv4 provides in the header is IP checksum which does error detection but not correction. Still, doing error detection would cause delay on network. That’s why in Internet Protocol version 6 this checksum is abandoned. Since now, the dominator of internet protocol is IPv4, although the spread of the newest version 6 is happening 7 worldwide. Picture below shows how IP packets are field:
Fig 2: IPv4 address with total 32 bits.
10
The figure number 3 shows how IPv4 packet is field. IPv4 uses 32 bits or 4 bytes for addresses. 32 Thus, there are 4,294,967,296 (2 ) addresses that can be used. Although 4 billion is a big number, it is not enough comparing to the number of users that are sweater of these IP addresses. Some of them are served for specific purpose such as: for private network (18 millions) and multicast address (16 million). These reserved IP addresses limits the rest that can be used by random users.
Fig 3. IP packet fields.
8
2
To outface this problem Network Address Translation (NAT) method is used. This enables devices with private addresses to be connected to a public network address (e.g. Internet). This private address is converted to legal IP address, through NAT routers before traveling 11 “outside”. (See figure 4). Every device that is connected to the network has a unique IP address but this doesn’t mean that is permanent. Because devices connected to the network,
IPv6 is more flexible in using protocols which, are mainly defined as the Request for Comment (RFC) that we discussed in the discussions. Protocols are defined in the RFC, but the name of the protocol will be something like Internet Protocol, Internet Control Message Protocol, Telnet Protocol, and many more. The reason why these Protocols are more flexible in the IPv6 is for one, the IPv6 is a newer technology than the IPv4, and the IPv6 also has more functionality and allows more flexibility in the protocols, whereas the
IP addresses can be used by more than one system, reducing the total number of IP addresses needed. This conservation of addresses is important because the Internet is quickly running out of IPv4 addresses. Although a particular IP address can be used by only one system at a time, many enduser systems require addresses only occasionally, when they connect to the Internet. By reusing IP addresses, DHCP lengthens the life of the IPv4 protocol. DHCP applies to IPv4 only, as IPv6 forces systems to configure their IP addresses automatically (called autoconfiguration) when they connect to a network (page 373).
contains the case narrative, related figures, and a set of questions and problems. These do not have one unique solution. There are too many alternatives when dealing with LANs, WANs, MANs, BNs, and the Internet, so a reallife network design and development problem can have several workable answers.
derive exclusively from the IP layer in the network model. For instance, IPv6 does not
Networking is not new; it has been around for a long time. The way networking is done changes all the time; let’s look briefly at the past and how networking has changed over the years.
Due to mergers, the network became out of spec. These types of factors should be monitored so the network can adapt before problems occur.
TCP/IP stands for transmission control protocol/ internet protocol. TCP/IP is responsible for how devices like computers should be connected over the internet and how data should be transmitted from one computer to another. The IP essentially functions by exchanging set of information which is called packets. Packets are short structures of bytes which contains of headers and body. The body only contains the application data. The headers keep on sending the information back on forth until the data is sent to the right destination, the packets can usually send in the wrong order this means that the data was crashed by the firewall or data was destroyed while sending information.TCP is the transmission communication protocol which delivers packets to the accurate to destination.
In order to properly address the Infrastructure upgrade of the Kamazon Network our group decided that an appropriate ip address schema that will take into account the idea that people will be using more than just a desktop computer. They will have tablets, laptops, departmental printers, and smart phones. This is also based upon the understanding that every Department will have at least two printers for the staff and one for the Manager/Supervisor or VP of that Department. So with that being said, we estimated that could be at least three or more accurately four ip
More sooner than later the internet will transition to IPv6 rather than the current IPv4 standard; this is partially due to very few IPv4 network address available (Haugh, 2012). Many large companies are already using the IPv6 internet protocol and using it now will prevent having to reengineer the network at a later timeframe (Wong, 2011). Even though the local ISP may require IPv4, in the short term, that can be overcome by using IPv4 and IPv6 dual stack tunneling (Beverly, 2015). This allows external IPv4 address conversion to IPv6 with the configuration of the internet facing network address translating (NAT) router.
Every device which connects to the internet requires an IP address. Computers, printers, tablets, and phones must each have a unique address or they will not be able to communicate via the net. The magnitude of internet growth revealed there was a need for more addresses by the late 1980s.
TCP stands for Transmission control protocol while IP stands for Internet protocol. They are merged together to form the Internet protocol suit which is a model for networking which consists of communication protocols which are used for internet and other similar networks. This protocol suite was designed and developed by the Department of Defense (DoD). It was developed in order to connect different networks which were designed by different vendors. By use of TCP/IP, several computers on small network in a department can use these protocols in conjunction with other protocols on a single LAN. In this protocol suite, the IP components helps in routing form the small LAN in that
Author present their recommendation, on how to increase the Network quality, with different aspects, author also define future advances in managing applications like 3G/4G, Wi-Fi, Broadband including Ethernet, Private Line and Cellular.
It is a class C IP address. Because it is a local IPv4 address and not a public IPv4 address, it cannot be used on the Internet.
The two TCP/IP transport layer protocols (TCP and UDP), are very crucial for the smooth operation of network services for both the computer applications and application layer protocols such as HTTP, FTP, SMTP and Telnet. These two transport layer protocols TCP and UDP execute these services via the employment of IP. They use IP in the efficient routing of packets to their respective destination networks (Steinke,2001).The TCP is further noted by Steinke (2001) to be responsible for the provision of a reliable and yet connection-oriented byte-stream packet delivery while its counterpart UDP is noted to be responsible for the provision of a connectionless but rather unreliable packet delivery. In this paper we explain the work of the two TCP/IP transport layer protocols (TCP and UDP). In addition, describe how TCP and UDP manage key functions such as reliability, port addressing, and segmentation.
The ability to send and receive data efficiently is the most important objective of networking computers.