Iq & Eq, Intelligence and Cognitive Intelligence

Batool, B. F. (2013) Emotional Intelligence and Effective Leadership. Journal of Business Studies Quarterly, 4(3), 84-94. (Note: Available in the Strayer Library)

The relationship between intelligence and work related outcomes has been found through various empirical studies. A longitudinal studies found that there is a positive moderate correlation (.51) between IQ at 12 years of age and occupational level and a slightly higher correlation (.53) between IQ at 12-year-old and income (.53) aged 40-50. (Judge, Higgins, Thoresen, Barrick, 1999) Thus, we can see that IQ level plays a significant role on work related outcomes from this empirical study. In addition, another study found that IQ level has a low correlation (.23) with performance within low complexity jobs whereas IQ has a strong correlation (.58) with performance in high complexity jobs. (Hunter & Hunter, 1984; See Schmidt & Hunter, 2004 for an overview) To put it another way, high intelligence is not essential for low complexity jobs, for example, waiter and cleaner does not require high IQ. On the contrary, high intelligence is crucial for complex jobs since it represents high reasoning and mental capabilities. Thus, it is not hard to see that individuals’ behaviour at work will be remarkably

With the publication of Daniel Goleman’s book Emotional Intelligence in 1995, the business world got an answer to a question that had been plaguing it for decades: “Why did some people of a high IQ struggle at managing teams while other leaders of lower IQ excel at it”? Goleman asserted that the traditional measurement of IQ (intelligence quotient) was not enough to determine a good leader. Schools and universities concentrated on developing the cognitive and analytical part of the brain, while the teaching of how the emotional side of the brain worked was ignored. Goleman defined this “emotional intelligence” of a human being as a set of competencies that distinguish how one manages

The other competency of the Emotional Intelligence is the Social Competencies. Social Competencies include the two main components which are Social Awareness and Relationship Management which this gentleman – Jack Welch, the CEO of General Electric who has known to spend half of his time on people development. He is a CEO of one of the largest company in the world, but he knows the names and positions of over 1,000 people in his company (Dattner, )– that is how he builds the relationship to his people. What can inspire you more when the CEO sees you in the elevator and greets you with your name and asking you about your work! “he does knows me” that is the question most people in GE express in surprise and ecstatic.

Another issue, with these tests are that many a time people view their criteria as very limited. For, e.g. Gardner has claimed that there are multi-dimensions to a person’s intelligence, while these tests only test a few of them. Thus, the tests are in no position to claim that they really represent the actual intelligence of a person. The tests assess only a narrow range of abilities therefore if a person is adept at a characteristic that is not being tested in the test then that person is deemed to be considered a person with low IQ. Such a practice is not fair and cannot be generalized. (Gardner, 1983) (Plucker, 1998).

Barel (2017) highlighted the significant effects of having a high emotional intelligence to effective management. As defined, Barel (2017) stated that emotional intelligence encompasses the person’s strength in acknowledging, understanding, and controlling himself to be able to communicate better, assess the situation objectively, and affect a positive change to people. Therefore, these components of emotional intelligence, such as self-awareness, self-regulation, self-motivation, and social skills are important in handling conflict and aiming for a peaceful relationship at the workplace. To illustrate where emotional intelligence can be applied, discussions about a witnessed confrontation, personal experience, and workplace

“Emotional intelligence is the ability to understand and manage our emotions and those around us, therefore, this quality gives individuals a variety of skills, such as the ability to manage relationships, navigate social networks, influence and inspire others. Every individual possesses different level, but in order for individuals to become effective leaders, they will need a high level of emotional intelligence. In today’s workplace, it has become a highly important

…good old street smarts-knowing when to share sensitive information with colleagues, laugh at the boss’s jokes, or speak up in a meeting. In more scientific terms, … [emotional intelligence] can be defined as an array of noncognitive skills, capabilities, and competencies that influence a person’s ability to cope with environmental demands and pressures.1

The book “Working with Emotional Intelligence” by Daniel Goleman deals with the emotional assets and liabilities of individuals in organizations. Emotional intelligence is traits that go beyond academic achievement or IQ. As a matter of fact he points out that high academic intelligence can sometimes stand in the way of emotional intelligence. Broadly speaking, emotional intelligence determines how well we handle difficult situation, which cannot be solved by logic, but more by a “feel” for the situation. These attributes are very hard to measure, which is why many standardized tests, whether academic or for employment, fail to measure these attributes, even though these are the one which determine

Without it, a person can have the best training in the world, an incisive, analytical mind, and an endless supply of smart ideas, but he still won’t make a great leader. In the course of the past year, my colleagues and I have focused on how emotional intelligence operates at work. We have examined the relationship between emotional intelligence and effective performance, especially in leaders. And we have observed how emotional intelligence shows itself on the job.

Management psychologist Dr. David Caruso once said, ““It is very important to understand that emotional intelligence is not the opposite of intelligence, it is not the triumph of heart over head -- it is the unique intersection of both.” (Cherry) Dr. Caruso, Daniel Goleman, and others suggest that emotional intelligence plays a key role in personal relationships and human relations in the workforce. Ones understanding of emotional intelligence is important in creating a professional environment that centers on compassion, leadership, conflict resolution, and collaboration.

In this write-up, attempt is made to provide conceptual clarifications on the subject matter, “Emotional intelligence”, an overview of the theories of emotional intelligence, including a brief discussion about how important the role of emotional intelligence can be in leadership, performance (both educational and work place settings) and in wellbeing.

This paper is aimed at evaluating my own emotional intelligence while subsequent parts of the paper will discuss how this emotional intelligence affects other aspects of human life like business, religion and politics. In this part of the paper, I will reflect on and demonstrate the skills and the knowledge needed to enable one to accurately see and understand the emotional strengths, weaknesses and nuances of other workers at the workplace.

Researcher that has been carried out on the topic of emotional intelligence (EI) have revealed findings that link EI with higher achievements of individuals. A study done by Carmeli (2009) indicated that emotional intelligence plays a role in the wellbeing of individuals. Specifically, emotional intelligence is suggested to be an important predictor of crucial organizational consequences such as job satisfaction (Daus & Ashkanasy, 2005). Gender is another variable that is proposed as having a relationship with the concepts of emotional intelligence and job satisfaction. All over the world, many organizations are studying their employees’ satisfaction, feelings and attitudes not only to plan on how to allocate rewards and possibilities but also they do it because they are worried more about their employees’ feeling toward their jobs (Golparvar & Qazvi, 2010).

In contrast with the past workplace challenges and organizational behavior, there is a necessity to understand ourselves and others. Sometimes the stress and prestige can cause an adverse impact on one’s position in the workplace. The ability to deal with our emotions while working effectually with others and at the same time, performing the organization’s expectations are in high demand. Since the employees are an asset, and the organization is expecting a return on their investment, understanding how emotions work and how it impacts one’s capacity is indispensable in accomplishing organizational goals. In the workplace, people often have to work with each other. So the handling of relationships and interacting with others becomes the key to the success of the organization. Managers need to have a combination of skills and abilities such as the strength of will, awareness of self, empathy for others and sensitivity toward others internally and externally. Before one can handle others emotions he/she must first learn to lead themselves. So the question become, how is this done? Coleman’s theory suggest that this can be done through emotional intelligence which is the ability to create, build and maintain viable relationships (Coleman, 1998, p. 14). No one wants to follow the leadership of a person who cannot manage his/her emotions. Let’s look together at three business CEO’s personal backgrounds and use of emotional intelligence. The top chief emotions officers in the U.S.