Ir A Middle Eastern Country Of The Persian Revolution

Various factors influenced the 1979 Iranian revolution, but at the core of this significant event was Islamic fundamentalism. The Iranian religious leader, Ayatollah Khomeini, led this movement to end the thirty-seven-year reign of Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi, also known as the Shah of Iran (Diller 1991, p.152). The revolution was a combination of mounting social, economic, political and religious strains. The nation of Iran was never colonized, unlike some of its bordering countries, making its people intolerant of external influences. The Shah had gradually westernized and secularized his country, creating a strong American presence that was being felt

Leading up to, and throughout the first World War is when the tension started to build in Iran. The overthrow of Qajar regime, which was replaced by Reza Shah, lead to what is known as modern Iran. Iran was divided up by many powers. They were controlled by the imperial nations of Britain, Russia, Ottoman, and Germany. Because of a lack of government, it allowed nationalist groups to move in and develop in Iran. When World War 1 broke out, it increased foreign pressure in Iran, causing the flows of their government widen. “Following the approval of the Iranian Constitutional Code by the Qajar king in 1906, Anglo-Russian

The Iranian Revolution was an uprising by the common people of Iran who were upset about the doings of their Shah and his government. The Shah’s treatment of his own people can be characterized as unjust and cruel. After all, he severely limited the rights of groups whom he felt threatened his power to rule. He opposed the political rights of religious Shiite groups, which especially enraged Iranians, and led to the rise of Ayatollah Khomeini. The Ayatollah was a religious leader who would overthrow the Shah and establish a proper Islamic State in the nation. Ever since, the so called Islamic Revolution has raised concern over the dangers that Iran may pose to the Western world. Nevertheless, the Iranian Revolution was a progressive movement that reflected the major concerns of Iranians towards corruption in government, all with the intention of removing injustices and enforcing rightful liberties and common needs.

The Iranians from 1925-1979 lived under the oppressive regime of the Pahlavi Dynasty. During this time, the Shah, Reza Shah Pahlavi also known as Reza Khan, took the first step in consolidating power. Reza Shah was appointed prime minister by the last Shah of the Qajar Dynasty, Ahmad Shah Qajar and quickly moved to consolidate his power by removing his fellow conspirators and quashing threats

After the communist revolution in Russia, the British install Reza Shah Pahlavi as shah of Iran in 1925 to prevent the spread of communism. Then because of his relations to Hitler in World War II the Russians and British invaded Iran again. The forced Reza Shah Pahlavi and his son Mohammad Reza Pahlavi became the Shah of Iran (White, 2014, pp. 207-208).

Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi was the King of Iran (1941-1979) . When his father, Reza Shah’s reign was over, he replaced him and started his reign. He went against his original vow of acting as a constitutional ruler by his involvement in governmental matters. The Shah’s main focus was on Iran’s relations with foreign power as well as modernizing Iran as quickly as possible. Although he was a clever and influential leader, he was known for his monocratic rule, corrupt government, forced westernization, and betraying his own people by use of the Savak. Mohammed Reza was thrown from power because he relied more on manipulation than on leadership.

Throughout the 19th and 20th century Iran saw not only the changing of three regimes, but also the coming, and going of classical imperialists in Britain and Russia, but also late comers to the game in the United States. In each instance however, Iran was on a road to appeasement. In some instances such as with the Qajar’s, Iran’s Imperial family was trying to get more money for the betterment of itself. In the event of the Pahlavi’s, Iran was trying to modernize based off of a western model of success. In both instances the carving out of resources was involved in which Iran stood to lose the most by giving up very lucrative state industries to

The ancient world was a time of great civilisations and greater rulers, and today it is those of Greece and Rome that are remembered. But they were not alone in their military conquests and vast empires; there were many equal to, or perhaps even greater, than them, and it is important not to overlook the achievements of these peoples who have helped to shape history. The Persian Empire is one such of these civilisations, rising to prominence in the mid sixth century BCE and enduring for two hundred years, a small amount of time in which it conquered an impressive amount of territory. At its height, it controlled a huge swathe of land centred in modern-day Iran, stretching as far north as the Russian border, as far south as Egypt, and as far

Iran had been ruled by Shahs, which were essentially absolute monarchies for countless years. The Pahlavi dynasty was the latest family to hold the throne. Of course, Shahs weren’t the only powerful figures in Iranian society. Iranians are a people who are firmly embedded in their religion and traditions. And Shia clerics are the respected leaders of the religious aspects of Iranian life. Looking back into the late 19th and early 20th centuries, it is evident that the Shahs and Clerics often were at odds with one another.

Iran has always, it seems, been the breeding ground for some kind of political upheaval or another. In recent times, back in 1979, there was a major revolution which was, in some ways, similar to the revolution we are seeing today. The people were angry and they were tired of being controlled by the government that was in power. They had concrete ideals and were incredibly passionate about their revolution. The revolution Iran is experiencing today does not appear to be quite as passionate and does not appear to maintain a belief in any real solid political system. They just know they want something different. In the following paper we present an illustration of the current revolution that is taking

The country of Iran, previously known as Persia until 1935, began diplomatic relations with the United States in 1883. Iran is the 18th largest country occupying 1,648,195 sq. km, almost 2.5 times the size of the state of Texas (Central Intelligence Agency, 2013). The country has a population of approximately 81.8 million residents with Persian the official language and the official religion being Muslim. Throughout the twentieth century, the country witnessed the establishment of a limited constitutional monarchy in 1906. In 1953, a coup supported by the United States and the United Kingdom occurred against the democratically elected prime minister. The most recent change to the country occurred in 1979, when clerical forces led by the Ayatollah Khomeini overthrew the Shah, making the country an Islamic Republic forcing the Shah into exile. On November 4, 1979, a group of revolutionary Iranian students angered that the deposed Shah had entered the United States, seized the U.S. Embassy in Tehran, and took 52 Americans hostage. As negotiations

The Anglo-Persian Agreement followed in 1919, whereby the British gained control of the country's treasury, army, and communications network, enforcing their power by declaring martial law. [add something about the state of the country and how it fueled/surged nationalist resistance] As Marjane's father tells her, it was Reza Khan who, with the assistance of the British, overthrew the corrupt Qajar dynasty and was appointed shah (king). Propelled by the gust of nationalism that had emerged in response to foreign takeover and domestic tumult, Reza worked to curtail outside influence, reform and modernize the country. Nevertheless, he ruled with an iron-fist that ultimately led to his downfall, coming to be severely detested by the populace, succumbing to fascist sympathies during WII, and being forced to abdicate in 1941. Though his son Mohammad Reza Pahlavi (Shah) inherited the throne, Reza's real successor was Mohammad Mossadegh, a statesman of tremendous passion who would come to represent Third World nationalism and go down as one of the most popular figures in Iranian history. "Two central beliefs shaped Mossadegh’s political consciousness. The first was a passionate faith in the rule of law, which made him an enemy of autocracy and, in particular, Reza Shah. The second was a conviction that Iranians must rule themselves and not submit to the will of foreigners." (Kinzer 53) It was in 1949 that Mossadegh, a vocal member of the majlis, formed and became leader of the National Front, an umbrella organization dedicated to fortifying democracy and limiting foreign influence. In a span of two years, the National Front became the governing coalition and Mossadegh was elected prime minister by an overwhelming majority vote. The nationalization of Iran's oil industry came soon after, a vehement backlash against the

Before the revolution, Shah Reza Pahlavi was the ruler of Iran. Under his leadership power was clustered and concentrated among his close allies and networks of friends and others with whom he had close relations. By 1970s, the gap between the poor and the rich was widening and huge distrust about his economic policies grew. Resentment towards his autocratic leadership grew fuelling people to dissent his regime further. Shah now was considered an authoritarian who took full control of the Iran government preventing the Iranians from expressing their opinion. The government has transformed from the traditional monarchial form of government to authoritarian with absolute authority replacing individual freedom of the Iranians. This transformation to Iranian was unacceptable because they needed to control their own affairs. They wanted self-government where they could take control as opposed to what Shah was doing. Shah was seen as a western puppet for embracing authoritarian form of government (Axworthy, 2016).

The Islamic Republic of Iran, formerly known as Iran or Persia, was crowded with a young generation looking for full freedom against the Shah. Persia, once as a powerful country with vast oil resources, soon became a vulnerable nation, ready to accept a new leader to guide them. The people were ready for change, but were the changes they got the changes they were looking for. The people wanted freedom against the shah, (For generations Iran was ruled by Kings) who allowed some freedoms, but it was somewhat limited. The people wanted freedom of speech, so that the press could freely publish their own opinions. They wanted to get rid of a law that made all eighteen-year-old males attend two

A revolution is a mass movement that intends to violently transform the old government into a new political system. The Iranian Revolution, which began in 1979 after years of climax, was an uprising against the Shah’s autocratic rule resulting in much religious and political change. Shah Muhammad Reza Pahlavi made efforts to remove Islamic values and create a secular rule and “westernize” Iran through his White Revolution. In addition, his tight dictatorial rule and attempts at military expansion felt threatening to the people, who desired a fairer governmental rule immensely influenced by Islam. Afterwards, governmental affairs became extremely influenced by Islamic traditions and law which created changes religiously and politically