Is Appeasement Right or Wrong?
In Britain, Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain had devised a policy of "appeasement" (meaning his tactic of consenting to Hitler's demands over Czechoslovakia in 1938) it aroused much controversy at the time and still does today.
Germany benefited greatly from the appeasement as it allowed them to rearm. Britain and France thought that if they appeased Germany, then the Germans would become a little friendlier towards them so they cut the Germans a little 'slack'. However by appeasing Germany, they let her rearm therefore pose a threat to themselves and others.
THE BEGGINING
In January 1933 Hitler tried to rearm Germany, however The Treaty of
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However France objected to this but Britain argued that by appeasing Germany, she would feel less threatened and at risk
RE-OCCUPATION OF THE RHINELAND ==============================
'We have no territorial demands to make in Europe…Germany will never break the peace'.This was part of the speech Hitler made in March 1936, to the Reichstag, which stated the re-occupation of the Rhineland. Hitler was completely wrong in saying that he would never break peace, as it was majorly disturbed by his second act of opposing the treaty of Versailles. However this time he did not just oppose it but he tore it up. He was also wrong in saying there are no territorial demands to make in Europe when he knew that invading Poland/Czechoslovakia were his long term plans.
Hitler sent troops into the Rhineland in March 1936, forbidden by the Treaty of Versailles, it was said to be a DMZ (De-militarised Zone). Hitler was looking for a response by the allies however they did nothing. If Britain was to respond there would have been a battle, which was the last thing anyone wanted.
In November 1936, Japan and Germany signed a treaty aimed at preventing the spread of Communism. In 1937, the Germany-Japan
After the Great War, Germany and a couple other countries were greatly punished, having to pay reparations and territorial losses. Hitler, soon to be a dictator, wanted to change that. He believed that Germany had been punished too severely and wanted revenge; because he had such a strong government and military, there were many ways of going about stopping him. During the 1930’s, the policy of appeasement was the most effective response to Hitler’s aggression because of many reason but mainly that it keep peace and didn’t start war, the people did not support the war, and because the British needed more time to prepare for war.
It can be argued that appeasement was a mistake because it proved to Hitler that Britain and France were unable to say no to Hitler because they wanted to avoid war at all costs. However this meant that Hitler
They let Germany do as it pleased to a certain extent in hopes that Germany would stop after they were satisfied. Although though the effects on Europe from World War 1 were devastating, France and Britain had rearmed enough to have beaten Germany if they were at war again. This is revealed when George F. Kennan, a historian and American diplomat claims that, “We know today that is was unnecessary … because the Czech defenses were very strong… and because the German generals, conscious of Germany’s relative weakness at the moment…” (Document 7)This proves that Europe had the potential to stop Germany and Hitler and also preventing World War 2. But because of the appeasement policy, Britain and France didn’t do anything and let Germany invade and take land. This allowed Hitler to attempt to take over most of Europe, ultimately causing world war
In my opinion, appeasement was a huge mistake on the part of the Allied nations. It allowed Nazi Germany to gain an enormous amount of power, consequently posing a threat to all of Europe. Appeasement encouraged Hitler’s aggression as he gained increased confidence after capturing each new piece of land without any intervention by the League of Nations. The policy of appeasement is what allowed Hitler to successfully transfer troops to the Rhineland in 1936 which led to further military actions (e.g. the annexation of Austria). The occupation of new lands by Germany also contributed to the increase in German strength. For example, the Rhineland provided Germany with stronger defense of its borders against France and Belgium. Austria provided
However, British and French military intervention in the Rhineland incident, 1936 could have been an alternative to appeasement. Their reluctance to take action permitted Germany to increase her power (within 18 months Germany’s rate of rearmament surpassed that of Britain and France), whilst also contributing to the burgeoning belief that the League of Nations was ineffective. Hitler himself stated that "If France had then marched into the Rhineland; we would have had to withdraw with our tails between our legs." Indeed, many historians concur as invading the
Winston Churchill warned the British Parliament of Germany’s aggression. “I think of all the opportunities to stop the growth of Nazi power which have been thrown away. The responsibility must rest with those who have control of our political affairs.” (Document 6) Churchill believed that Hitler went too far with annexation of Austria, Rine, and Czechoslovakia. He believed that it was too late to stop Hitler’s power and his ambition was too great that it would leave other nations such as Britain and France in a poor condition like it had left Germany after the first world war. “The Munich Agreement was a ... desperate act of appeasement at the cost of the Czechoslovak state in the vain hope that it would satisfy Hitler's stormy ambition, and thus secure for Europe a peaceful future.” (Document 7) George Kennan was also a non-supporter of appeasement because he believed that it turned a blind eye to too many power struggles and encouraged his imperialism. He was also a non-supporter of Chamberlain because of his policy that didn’t stop the war, but encouraged it. It not only made Hitler stronger and he gave Hitler the means to stop the world war. Czechoslovakia defenses were strong enough to suppress weak Germany. Keith Eubank claims that Britain and France and other nations were not willing to fight in the war because Hitler’s actions were not invasive enough for it to be deemed as a threat. European nations had more pressing matters to be concerned about. (Document 9) These concerning matters could be correlated to the rising threat of Communism which acted as a window of opportunity for both Italy and Germany to grow more nationalistic and
Hitler in the early 1930s, started attacking its bordering nations, and so Britain turned to a policy of appeasment zas well as France. For example in 1938, they gave Hitler the sudetenland, without an inch of warning toward the czechslovackinans in the region. France and Britain believd that this would satisfy Hitler and would put a stop to any further attacks. And in America, people believd that
The allied United States, Canada, United Kingdom and France didn't believe that Adolf Hitler was a real threat so they allowed him to have his way. Adolf Hitler refused to continue to pay the reparations that were set out in the Treaty of Versailles. This should have been one of the first steps in realising Hitler was a terrible person. Hitler said he was stopping the payments because he wanted to build industries in Germany. He built industries that mostly manufactured war machines like his Stuka bombers. The purpose of the Treaty of Versailles was to prevent Germany from becoming a superpower again, with no allies looking over Germany’s back they rebuilt Germany and all its armies. The German Army was only supposed to operate on its own soil but they were present in the Spanish Civil War. Hitlers Stuka dive bombers operated in the Spanish Civil War.(HistoryNet) This is yet another act of appeasement by the Allies that allowed Nazi Germany to steamroll western Europe. Germany also took land back and remilitarized the Rhineland which was designated as demilitarised zone. They annexed the Sudetenland, a part of Czechoslovakia that was ethnically German and German speaking. These were met with many responses thinking that Hitler may have went to far. So Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain hopped on a Plane and went to negotiate with Germany in the Sudetenland. He
The Cold War as it is called was a war that started because of tensions between the United States and its allies and the Soviet Union and its allies. The tensions that developed were primarily over military, political, cultural and social ideas that varied greatly between the two nations. Each Nation and its allies developed a distrust that would last for many years and introduce new military and political methods that would shape our future.
Chamberlain's appeasement policy was derided by British as a failure (Reynolds, 37). Considering that Hitler was deceptive, appeasement will never work. It may have been more strategic if the purpose was to buy time while Britain was preparing for war. On hindsight, the one-year interim period between the Munich agreement in 1938 to Britain’s war in 1939 provided the opportunity for Britain to boost its artillery before going to a crucial war in 1940 (Reynolds, 93).
In all other words, Yes, an appeasement was the right policy for England at the time, because the people of England didn't want to go through another war. With the anger the people of England already have for their government (about being unnecessarily involved in the first World War), the government wanted to take every procation to not become involved in a war with Germany. Also since England signed the Munich agreement it gave them more time to soldier up, and when war did come upon England the people would become more united knowing that the government did all it could to prevent the war. Some may argue that “it doesn't matter if they had signed it, Hitler still would have broken the agreement”, this is true that Hitler did break his agreement
Appeasement is the act of making concessions to someone, usually an aggressor often at the sacrifice of principles in order to avoid a greater conflict such as war. Great Britain took many actions that were seen as appeasing Hitler in hopes of avoiding but inevitably only prolonging what would come to be World War II. Britain had ignored the rearmament of Germany, which went against the terms of the Treaty of Versailles, and even expedited the rearmament through the Anglo-German Naval Agreement. They also allowed Hitler to reoccupy the Rhineland which de novo violated the Treaty of Versailles, which had demilitarized that territory. Britain turned a blind eye when Germany used bomber planes in the Spanish Civil War and likewise allowed Hitler
The Great Depression started a little after when the stocks crashed on October 1929. This caused to have Wall Street into panic with over millions of investors wipe out.During the next couple of years consumer who spent and invested declined. With the declining of investors many people became unemployed as many business didn’t have money to continue there work and pay there workers. When 1993 came around more than 15 millions people in United States of America was unemployed.Almost more then half of the country banks were broke.The president during that time helped lower the worse of the effects taking in place at that time.The president Franklin D. Roosevelt couldn’t save the economy fast enough to pull them out of The Great Depression. To pull the economy out
Appeasements most notable trait, one that ultimately lead to its demise, was its failure to fully grasp the true ambitions of Adolf Hitler. Chamberlain, among many other politictions, were guilty of beieving Hitler was more of an opportunist who sought freedom from the overbearing misery the Treaty of Versailles through a realpolitik perspective in order to bring Germany back to the great nation it had previosly been. Historians such as A.J.P. Taylor, a profound British historian, truly believed that Hitlers intentions were not to fulfill Germanys racial destiny of creating living space, known as lebensraum, but to simply gain back everything that was lost. Taylors mindset as to why Germany had expanded beyond its pre-World War I borders was
Furthermore, appeasement, a policy based on the assumption that willingness to compromise would avert conflict by protecting the essential interests of nations, is regarded as another major cause of WWII. Appeasement was an increasingly prevalent theme in international foreign policies up to WWII, and Britain, which saw previous successes from Anglo-French and Anglo-Russian colonial agreements of 1904 and 1907, was most eager in adopting it as a main policy. Moreover, along with France, Britain was also given justifications to continue the policy of appeasement on the grounds of the Treaty of Versailles. In 1937 Britain launched a major initiative in which it had hoped to divert German expansion in Eastern Europe by offering Germany colonies in Africa. However, the complete failure of this approach was marked by the even accelerated pace of German expansion as seen in Anschluss and the German destruction of Czechoslovakia in 1939. Following the failure, Chamberlain, the Prime Minister of Britain, was bitterly accused by not only both left and right wing British historians and