Is Childhood a uniform global experience?
Childhood can be defined as many things, a time of growing up and for the majority a happy time filled with imagination and laughter. However, this is not always the case for all. Depending on where you are in the world your childhood will be different, not everybody’s childhood is the same it varies on where you live, the time you live in and whom you live with. It would seem that the idea of 2.4 children with a mother father and two children is rarity these days this could be due to the economic climate and the cost of bringing up children is putting people off having children so many are becoming families with one child.
Thus being the case the childhood one would experience as an only child
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This usually leads to a moody and anxious child but most of the time a well behaved child.
A Permissive Parent - These types of parents are affectionate and very anxious to please, they tend to finish every sentence with asking If “that’s ok?” they cannot say no and stick to it and are usually manipulated. This then leading the child in to be demanding and whiney they also get frustrated very easily and lack empathy and kindness.
The passive parent – these are the more emotionally removed parents they remove the discipline are very inconsistent and unpredictable. These children are very likely to be clingy and needy rude and likely to get into trouble.
There is many a literature on how one can parent a child for example The Incredible Years. This explains how a parent can interact though play and praise and ignore bad behaviour. (Webster-Stratton, 2005).
The Incredible Years claims to be a “a troubleshooting guide for parents of children aged 2-8 years”. (Webster-Stratton, 2005).
It bases itself on a parenting pyramid where each level of the pyramid builds upon the previous tier to create to create a strong parent child relationship. This is by play, praise, effective limit setting, ignoring bad behaviour and time out. (Appendix 1).
The advice given is to use the play and praise liberally and use with one’s child frequently
According to psychologist Diana Baumrind, there are four different parenting styles: authoritarian, permissive, uninvolved, and authoritative. (p. 339) Authoritarian parenting is a strict form of parenting that demands obedience and respect, but offers little support. Children of authoritarian parents often do not have a healthy relationship with their parents due to the lack of communication. Permissive parents are known as the “cool” parents among adolescents. This parenting style is relaxed and comes with hardly any rules. Permissive parents have a very warm relationship with their child; however, this style is counterproductive in child rearing because they act as a friend instead of a parent who sets boundaries. Uninvolved parenting is the most detrimental to a child’s psychological health. Uninvolved parents are indifferent to their child’s activities, emotional state, and overall well-being. They are neglectful and even reject their children from being a part
The four primary parenting styles are Authoritarian, Permissive, Authoritative, and Uninvolved parenting styles. Authoritarian parents are very controlling and strict with their children. They expect obedience form their children and don’t tolerate expressions of disagreement. In contrast, Permissive parents are more relaxed and provide inconsistent feedback. They require little of their children and don’t see themselves as responsible for their children’s behavior. They also don’t set limits or control over their children. Authoritative parents are firm and set clear and consistent limits for their children. While they tend to be strict they show love and emotional support for them as well. These parents tend to reason with their child as to why they should behave a certain way. These parenting styles also encourage the child to be independent. The fourth parenting style is uninvolved parenting style. These parents show interest in their children and display indifferent or rejecting behavior towards them. They detach emotionally and only see themselves as providers of materials goods such as shelter, food, and clothing.
A parent’s parenting styles are as diverse as the world we live in today. Nowadays, parents only want what is best for their children and their parenting styles plays a crucial role in the development of children which will in the long run, not only effect the child’s childhood years, but later prolong into their adult life as well.
With over three hundred million Americans and over six billion people worldwide parenting skills are essential to maintain a healthy society. Parenting involves many aspects and requires many skills. It is a time to nurture, instruct, and correct to develop fundamental skills children will need to be mature, responsible, and contributing adults to a society. There are four commonly identified parenting styles; authoritarian, authoritative, permissive, and uninvolved parenting. Of the four parenting styles, two remain on opposite ends of the parenting spectrum. These two styles; authoritarian, and permissive both have deleterious results that are often visible throughout different developmental stages, such as rebellious behavior. As well
Permissive parents allow complete freedom to their children and there is very little discipline visible. Permissive parenting was “Popular in the 1950’s and 1960’s” because of all the troubles going on during WWII. (5) They like to tell their kids “One more time…” whenever the kids do something bad. An example can be if Timmy asks his parents if he can go to a party. They tell him he has to be home by 10pm. Then his parents tell him the limit is 10pm. Then he suggests 12pm and because they do not want Timmy to be angry with them they let him do whatever he wants. Permissive parents have a fear that their kids will not like them. Unlike authoritarian parents, permissive parents make rules but they never enforce the rules. The children in this parenting style are usually immature, dependant, aggressive, and unhappy. They do not do well academically because of their inability to regulate to the school rules.
Childhood is the age span ranging from birth to adolescence and its non-specific for it can imply a varying range of years in human development reference. The age ranges anywhere from 12 years to 15years with 18years being most common. Previous research done by sociologists focused on children primarily in terms of socialization and within the context of the family. The ‘new sociology of childhood’ argues that children inhabit more than one world, worlds that may well conflict those of adults, those of children 's own making, and those that children
Concept 2 - Parenting Styles There's three parenting styles there's authoritarian, authoritative, and permissive. An authoritarian parent is someone who is strict, imposing many rules and not nurturing. An authoritative parent is someone who is allowing discussion with the kids, placing limits and nurturing. An permissive parent is someone who is inconsistent with few rules and very loving. For me, my mothers parenting style is authoritative, she can be strict, being not too
The permissive parenting style is one in which the parents care for their child, yet they don’t set rules or discipline their child. This parenting style is high in nurturance and low in maturity demands, control, and communication. According to Joseph Sclafani, a child psychologist,:
Authoritarian parents normally do not interact with their children in positive ways and usually install fear into the child. Punishment is usually harsh and given without explanation. Children with authoritarian parents are often anxiety- ridden. Studies have shown that these children have lower self- esteem, show high aggressiveness and typically do less well in school. Permissive parenting consists of high nurture and acceptance, but these parents lack structure and control. These parents look at their children as “free spirits” who need space to learn and grow. Permissive parents are usually inconsistent with discipline. Children with permissive parents normally are impulsive and irresponsible. These children also lack any self- control since none was expected (Sclafani 47).
Effective parenting is crucial to the healthy development of a child, especially today. Parenting techniques typically carry on from generation to generation, whether they are negative or positive.(CITE) There are more effective ways to discipline a child other than by physical abuse. One of the many reasons children act out is due to lack of attention, causing them to do things to receive it.(CITE) Developing a positive and supportive relationship with a child can be crucial in positively influencing the behavior of a child . Being consistent in the amount of time you spend with them daily can be very beneficial. The child will begin to understand that the parents still love him/her without having to act out of character. Once the relationship is set and healthy, positive behavior will begin to emerge. Set clear guidelines, but do so in a way that the child does not feel unloved or neglected.
Then there is Authoritarian parenting, also known as firm parenting, and is both unresponsive and demanding. Even though Authoritative might have a small similarity there is still many differences. Therefore just like authoritative, authoritarian have high standards but authoritarian have blind obedience. These parents use strict punishment and often use punishment to control their child’s behavior. These parents expect their child to listen and obey and follow their rules with no hesitation. There is little to no communication between the parent and the child. Authoritarian parents are insensitive to their children’s needs and are normally not nurturing toward there child. These children eventually develop wanting to focus on studies and have a tendency to want to make good grades. They also
Childhood is the social construction of children, where they develop and understand different relationships and cultures in their society. Children grow up during their childhood, when they realise their “sense of meaning in their lives” (Layard and Dunn 2009, p.9), by socializing and personal development. Childhood starts with a family, which is the beginning of life. Family is where children first learn about the world. In children’s perspective, as long as family members love each other, it is a happy family. Family is simply where children experience love and care of their parents, through their emotional and physical needs.
All parenting styles associate with the area of a child’s social skills, educational capability, psychosocial growth, and also the negative actions of a child. Parenting is extremely important in a child’s life in order to have a happy and successful life without dealing with unnecessary negative issues that can arise. This portion of the proposal describes literature relevant to the proposed study of this topic. It is organized into four sections: (1) the two aspects on how the parenting styles were based, (2) the four main types of parenting styles, (3) the effects that can result from the parenting styles, and (4) evaluation for results of previous research. The detail of effects on a child’s behavior will be further discussed in the methods section of the proposed study.
Authoritative parents “set standards, but also give their child choices. They recognize the good things that their child does, but they do not overlook the bad things. These parents are more confident and nurturing. They set standards that their child can meet. Usually, this type of parenting leads to a positive self-image in the child (Black, 2008). Permissive parents “do not control their children, it is more like the other way around. There is no discipline, and the child grows up knowing they can get whatever they want. When the parent does try to discipline, the child doesn't take it seriously. These parents give in easily and avoid confrontation whenever possible” (Black, 2008). In general American parents raise their children to have an individual personality, and to be independent from a very young age. “Firm disciplines are directed toward the infant and these are gradually relaxed as the child grows” (Suzuki, 2000).
Children are the future of the world and need to be nurtured and educated in the best conditions. Thus, parenting is one of the most challenging and admirable responsibilities that people can experience. Parenting plays important roles in the development of children’s characteristics. Some people nurture children depending on their own ways. Others get advice from friends or books. Parenting can be divided into three groups: authoritative, permissive, and democratic parenting.