Is Crying A Mental State? Essay

1. It is important that we take into consideration, areas other than physical pain and have an holistic approach. Pain is whatever the person who is suffering it feels it to be. Physical pain can be experienced as a result of disease or injury, or some other form of bodily distress. For example childbirth. Although not associated with injury or disease, but can be an extremely painful experience. Pain can also be social, emotional and spiritual as well as just physical.

Bernard Lester. This award winning novel tells the story about Emma - a slave of a horrible gambler, Pierce Butler, and caretaker of his two daughters. She teaches his daughters, one who opposes and one who supports slavery, to be open minded and have a good soul. During this, Pierce is in terrible gambling debt and decides to sell his slaves in the largest slave auction in America, including the protagonist Emma. On this day, the rain falls hard as if the sky was sobbing on the auction below. Other than the selling of Emma which disconnected her from her loving family, one major event was the escape of Emma and her friends away from their plantation, towards freedom.

Consciousness, Thomas Nagel states, “is what makes the mind-body problem really intractable.” Here he refers particularly to phenomenal consciousness, which Block defines as “perceptual experiences,” and Nagel describes as “something that it is to be.’ This experiential element appears to present a challenge to the physicalist assertion that all mental processes are explicable in terms of physical brain states, biochemical reactions and the laws of physics. Frank Jackson presents this argument in his 1982 thesis Epiphenomenal Qualia. Whilst Jackson’s argument occupies a seminal position in philosophy of mind, whether he adds anything new to knowledge of the nature of conscious experience, is debateable. Thomas Nagel’s What is it like to

The mind is a complex myriad of thoughts and psychological systems that even philosophers today cannot entirely grapple. It is composed of the senses, feelings, perceptions, and a whole series of other components. However, the mind is often believed to be similar or even the same as the brain. This gives rise to the mind-brain identity theory, and whether there exists a clear distinction between the physical world and the non-material mind. In this paper, I will delineate the similarities and differences between mind and brain, describe the relevant ideas such as functionalism and materialism, and provide explanations on how these theories crystallized. Further, I will discuss the differing views of this concept from multiple philosophers’ perspectives and highlight the significance of each. Ultimately, I will defend the view that the mind-brain identity theory is false by analyzing its errors and examining the invalid assumptions it makes about consciousness.

Gertler identifies pain as dissimilar to water in that the sensation is the same in appearance and in reality, but if pain cannot be separated from its location then, at the very least, the concept is not “sufficiently comprehensive.” Pain does not meet Gertler's requirement for a successful thought experiment, and ultimately fails to fit cohesively into her argument and support her conclusion for the possibility of pain without a physical state. If one's concept of pain allows one to separate it from its location and accept the Disembodiment Argument, the physicalists are right to conclude that one's understanding of pain is severely

"Men pray to the gods for health and they ignore that it is in their power to have it."

Emotional pain and loss lingers in people’s minds and often stays with them for a lifetime and can often cause distress on people’s character while physical pain and loss is strictly present I think because if you hurt somewhere physically it is often temporary and if you lose a loved one on the physical world that person’s

Pain not only involves the physical reaction to damaged tissue, but also involves an emotional and cognitive response by the person experiencing the pain (Backer, 1994). A person's prior experience will influence how pain is managed. Pain is a signal that something is not

The first major reason Physical pain is painful, in most cases, at one place and you know it's going to pass. Mental pain can be pure agony, wipe out your hope. And one evidence of this is from Elie Wiesel, “ How can we fail to pity a father who witnesses the massacre of his children by his other children? Is there a suffering more devastating, a remorse more bitter? -(Pg. 109).” What this quote is saying is that a father was watching

In denying that the mind and mental properties, like qualia, are nonphysical things, mind-brain theory objects to both substance and property dualism. Therefore it is a physicalist approach to the philosophy of

Personality disorders are very defined and recognized in today’s society. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) published by the American Psychiatric Association provides common language and standards classifying mental disorders. The DSM is used by many people in varying disciplines in the USA as well as many other countries. In times past, people with disorders may have been outcast from a community or even persecuted. However, in our current culture the pendulum has swung in the other direction. It almost seems that there is a trend to explain all behavior by a mental disorder. This results in needing to disprove that certain people are not displaying a disorder, rather acting within a normal human emotion or

Thomas Pynchon’s The Crying of Lot 49 (1966) is one of the early instances of postmodern literature, in which the spread of mass culture plays a central role. In addition, the novel explores the ways, in which conspiracy of unknown forces or structures influence an individual’s vision of the world and self. The entire novel is saturated with references to popular culture; Oedipa’s world is filled with and dominated by mass culture technology, such as television, radio and newspaper, and most of the people around her are in some ways representing various historical figures. The names of the characters are an essential aspect of The Crying of Lot 49, and are reflecting both popular culture and the struggle to determine one’s identity in the novel. Oedipa’s name is a reference to the Ancient Greek tragedy

One in every seventeen people in America suffers from a mental disorder. These disorders inhibit the afflicted person from functioning properly and coping normally with daily life. Many afflicted with a psychological disorder do not exhibit obvious symptoms, as medical advancements have made it possible for these disorders to be suppressed or even nonexistent. Today, however, harsh stigmas exist that unfairly categorize those with a mental illness as violent, unfriendly, and abnormal. The media and federal government are culprits in fabricating the unrealistic depictions of mental disability that define the portrayal of those who are mentally or psychologically disadvantaged.

The mind-body problem is an age-old topic in philosophy that questions the relationship between the mental aspect of life, such as the field of beliefs, pains, and emotions, and the physical side of life which deals with matter, atoms, and neurons. There are four concepts that each argue their respective sides. For example, Physicalism is the belief that humans only have a physical brain along with other physical structures, whereas Idealism argues that everything is mind-based. Furthermore, Materialism argues that the whole universe is purely physical. However, the strongest case that answers the commonly asked questions such as “Does the mind exist?” and “Is the mind your brain?” is Dualism.

The International Association for the Study of Pain defined pain as “an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience with actual or potential tissue damage, or described in terms of such damage” (Unk, 2007). Pain being described such as this allows us to see that pain is a perception, not unlike seeing or hearing. Pain is the most common reason that people seek medical attention but pain is very hard to define because it is subjective. Pain perception is the process by which a painful stimulus is relayed from the site of stimulation to the central nervous system (Freudenrich, 2008). In order to determine if pain is a perception of the mind or if it is biological we must first understand how the process of pain works.