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Is Hacktivism Morally Permissible?

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Is Hacktivism Morally Permissible?
In Himma’s terms, “hacktivism will be understood as involving unauthorized digital intrusions for the purpose of protesting some injustice or advancing some political agenda.” (Himma 14) An unauthorized digital intrusion is the manipulation of computers and networks belonging to someone else who in turn has their property rights violated. (Himma 1) Himma argues hacktivism is morally impermissible if and only if it harms innocent people or if the hacktivist stays anonymous in relation to the act, through three premises in Hacking as Politically Motivated Digital Civil Disobedience: Is Hacktivism Morally Justified? In this paper I am going to explore Himma’s argument and object to his premise that the amount of harm that is produced by an act of hacktivism depends on the moral nature of the attack and the moral standing of the victims. First Himma’s argues that, to determine if an act of hacktivism is morally justified depends on how much harm is done. Himma’s first premise shows that there is a possibility that some acts of hacktivism potentially can be morally permissible, but often acts labeled as hacktivism are not. For example, a harmful act of hacktivism that should not be considered morally permissible by Himma’s standard was when Sony experienced one of the most impactful hacktivist acts by LulzSec in April, 2011. LulzSec is an anarchist group that came up with an effective strategy of using social media and clever

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