Is Increased Dietary Fiber Intake Associated with Better Control of Type 2 Diabetes in Adults?
A Review of Current Research
Amy Faulkner
DIE 4564 Evidence Based Research in Dietetics
Professor Kathryn Brogan, PhD, RD
ABSTRACT
Introduction: With an estimated 26 million Americans currently living with Diabetes, 90-95% of the cases being type 2 diabetes, it is crucial lifestyle interventions are administered by health professionals to lessen the growth of this disease. Nutrition is a key component to reversing type 2 diabetes, and one way to reduce the risks associated with type 2 diabetes is through increased fiber intake. Not all fibers have the same effect on glycemic control, and therefore this review analyzed different types
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It is established that increased viscosity is a key factor in choosing a fiber for therapy in type 2 diabetes, as it’s role in delayed nutrient absorption is key to normalizing glycemic control.
Conclusion: After performing this systematic review, it is evident that increased fiber intake is associated with better control of type 2 diabetes in adults. Longer trials with more participants need to be conducted to determine the best type of fiber, and dosage for case-by-case scenarios to use fiber as an adjunct to dietary therapy in type 2 diabetes.
INTRODUCTION
Background: In a 2011 report, the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) stated that diabetes affects 26 million people of all ages, and 11 million adults 65 years and older.1 Since type 2 diabetes is primarily a result of lifestyle choices, it is clear that health professionals, specifically nutrition professionals, have a responsibility to administer lifestyle interventions for those affected by this disease. Research has found that lifestyle interventions are more cost-effective than medications in preventing or delaying the onset of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in individuals with pre-diabetes.1 Furthermore, the Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP), showed that lifestyle interventions reduced the development of T2DM by 58% during a 3-year period.2
With nutrition as a key component in lifestyle interventions, specific nutrients are being studied for their efficacy in reducing
Diabetes can be treated in three basic ways: by diet, by diet in conjunction with tablets, or diet in conjunction with insulin. Diet serves as an initial control for non-urgent patients. If a person’s diet will have a major effect on glycaemic control, it does so reasonably quickly, within a few weeks of changing
Changes that I would make among my vegetables, fruits, meat and meat alternatives and grain choices to increase my fiber intake would be to eat whole fruits instead of drinking fruit juice,
Mediterranean diet, a low-carbohydrate, high protein diet, a vegan diet and a vegetarian diet all of which to have shown to improve metabolic conditions. The degree of the improvement varies from patient to patient therefore, it is necessary to evaluate each patient based on their only needs and individual metabolic demands. It is recommended that patients with pre-diabetes be made aware of beneficial nutrition intervention. Knowing what diet is best for the patient can significantly help with the risks of developing diabetes type 2. Medical nutrition therapy plays a role at three levels, primary prevention, secondary and tertiary prevention. For the purpose of this paper primary prevention is observed to help aim in delaying or arresting the development of diabetes. Different types of diet have been shown to be associated with improvement in metabolic condition. Modest weight loss has been shown to improve insulin resistance so either a low carbohydrate, low-fat calorie-resistance, or Mediterranean diet may be effective in the short term (Khazrai et al.,
Background Audience Relevance: Diabetes is a disease that now in days is becoming more common to society because of the lifestyle in which many of us eat and how easy and cheap it is to obtain unhealthy fast food.
In order to combat the epidemic of type 2 diabetes in America, a series of subsidies and social programs promoting and mandating nutrition and exercise for weight loss should be created with the trillion dollar budget. The prevalence of type 2 diabetes in America is rising and has doubled over the last 30 years to 23 million (Campbell). Currently, it costs the nation about $90 billion a year to treat the complications of type 2 diabetes (Hoerger). Added with the co-morbidities of type 2 diabetes, namely cardiovascular disease, obesity, and kidney failure, it becomes apparent that drastic measures are needed. In order to combat this epidemic, the U.S. Congress is proposing to use a trillion dollars to do whatever it takes to reduce the
This paper will focus on some important nutrients that are important for general health: fiber and protein. My personal daily intake will be analyzed to determine what foods are providing the right type of proteins and fiber, and how food consumption might be adjusted to provide for a healthier nutrient intake. It is important to state at the outset that the nutrient intake that is being used for this analysis is only for a one-day period. However, it will provide some insight into my eating habits and how those habits might be improved from a scientific standpoint.
It is important to teach diabetic patients or those who are at risk to watch carbohydrate intake because that directly influences glucose levels. Non-animal sources of protein such as legumes and whole grains should be consumed. High fiber is recommended, specifically soluble fiber such as lentils, oats, grapefruits, broccoli, beans or brussel sprouts. Teach the patient that alcohol consumption can cause
Grains, starches, fruits, vegetables, legumes, milk and sugary foods all contain carbohydrates. By limiting your food portion size, you will eat fewer carbohydrates, which will keep your blood glucose levels down, which is important for diabetes (Canadian Diabetes Association). Blood glucose levels can also be managed by using the glycemic index. Foods lower on the glycemic index will help keep your blood glucose levels low. The higher an item is on the glycemic index, the more it will raise your blood glucose, and the less of it you should eat in a sitting. Items such as oatmeal, pasta, sweet potatoes, beans, peas, legumes and most fruit are low on the glycemic index. Items such as white bread, instant oatmeal, white rice, pretzels, popcorn, melons and pineapple are high on the glycemic index. In order to balance a meal, and have less of an effect on blood glucose levels, food items high on the glycemic index can be combined with items low on the glycemic index (American Diabetes
In this report the focus will be the nutritional aspects of Type 2 Diabetes, although physical activity is a vital attribute to Type 2 Diabetes it will not be the main focus. This report will determine the modifiable and
Diets for structure 2 diabetes ought to be created over the benchmarks of restorative consuming with an attention on dinners that do not unfavorably have an effect on blood glucose stages.As a essential consultant, a weight-diminishment arrange
With obesity being the leading cause of type two diabetes, this is very worrying. In 2011/12 almost two in three adults were overweight or obese. One in 20 adults also had diabetes. (AIHW, 2016). The digital age has had a large impact on the risk of developing diabetes. With new technology being invented almost every day, the amount of physical activity people are doing is decreasing and the amount of snacking is increasing. The risk of developing type two diabetes is increased by having an unhealthy lifestyle. Some of the factors which may contribute to an unhealthy lifestyle may consist of low
Reduction in the Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes with Lifestyle Intervention or Metformin. Retrieved from: http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/nejmoa012512
Fiber is the important part of the diet. Soluble fibers dissolve in water. Insoluble fibers do not dissolve in water. High intake of dietary fiber can reduce risk of heart desease, dibetes, colon cancer and GI disorders. Soluble fibers take longer to digest, therefore it takes longer for our bodies to absorb sugar. It is very important to people who have diabetes, because soluble fiber can prevent blood sugar spikes. Insoluble fibers prevent constipation. Functional fibers consist of no digestible forms of carbs that are extracted from starchy foods or been manufactured in the laboratory from starches of sugar. Cellulose is the insoluble fiber that found in whole grains, whole whatnots .Lignin is insoluble fiber that can be found in flax and
Type 2 Diabetes is a chronic life threatening disease that affects individuals from all walks of life. It affects your bodies’ natural ability to produce or use insulin which is vital for your body to function normally. The issue with having type 2 diabetes is that there is no cure, it can only be controlled through associated medical remedies and a disciplined healthy lifestyle. Before Canadian Fredrick Banting had discovered a way to produce synthetic insulin, diabetes was considered a death sentence. Today our society has definitely seen miraculous improvements; since the inception of insulin, millions have fortunately been able to live out their lives. However, like most medications, insulin only prolongs the patients experience with
Many medical reports are recommending diets that are low in fat and high in fiber. And more health care practitioners than ever are recommending that their