Is Pastoralism a Practicable in Somali Region?

Environmental factors are a factor that affect living and nonliving organisms and have participated in Ethiopia’s problem in food deficiency and food insecurity. A large environmental factor that can affect food deficiency and food insecurity is natural hazards and disasters. These can include droughts and floods which can upset agricultural production. For example, grain production and stocks are very low and droughts have hit harvests in grain-producing areas around the world. A more specific example for Ethiopia is that because of Ethiopia’s seasonal rainfall from mid-June to mid-September, soil erosion and

The main industry is the agricultural sector which completely depends on the climate. There are strong linkages between poverty and environmental degradation, particularly poor water management, soil erosion, declining soil fertility and land degradation. In addition, the effects of climate change are undermining an already fragile resource base and have contributed to declining agricultural yields over the past decades. In recent years, drought has become a perennial problem in parts of Kenya. Episodes in 2009 and 2011 generated food emergencies, while flooding in 2010 affected parts of the country severely.

Pastoral societies differed from their agricultural because pastoral societies supported less people, since they had generally less productive economies, and the lived in scattered areas. They also generally offered women higher status, fewer restrictions, and a greater role in public life because they were needed, since people did not tend to specialize in things. Pastoral societies were also far more mobile, whereas in agricultural societies, people would have large populations because of their environment and their ability to grow food. They also lived in one area, and had had people who specialized in different things which brought down the status of women.

In Ethiopia, there is usually plenty of rain, and the farmers do not have to irrigate their crops. On the other hand, Somalia is very hot and dry farmers can only grow crops near a river an oasis or where they can use irrigation. This makes it very difficult for the Ethiopians to grow food, and they have suffered severe drought several times since the 1980s Lack of rainfall also makes it very difficult for them to raise livestock. Ethiopia has suffered from famines, and many people have died from hunger there. One way farmers can try to overcome the effects of rainfall is to plant a large variety of crops some that need alot of rain and some that can survive with very little rain. This way hopefully they can grow enough crops to stay subsistent which means they and feed and nourish their

18.  What role did Central Asian and West African pastoralists play in their respective regions?

4. Inventory Resources and Identify Groups at Risk- It is crucial to take an inventory of natural, biological, and human resources. For obvious reasons water is the most valuable natural resource in this situation; its location, accessibility, and quality. The biological resources refer to the quality and quantity of grasslands or rangelands, forests, wildlife, and so forth. Human resources are the labor needed to develop water resources and haul water, process citizen complaints, provide technical assistance, and direct citizens to available services. It is important to define the exposure of various parts of the region to drought hazard to determine which groups are at risk (Wilhite, Hayes, & Knutson, 2005).

(Phillips, 2008, p.385) Farmers are the reason as to why the region has been stable, has helped the economy, and are the “guardians of the land,” as noted by Phillips. (Phillips, 2008, p. 385) That being noted, farming has helped so many individuals, such as in jobs as well as food products such as wheat in our everyday lives. Technological innovations have helped in the development of the land of the Palouse. Chemicals have helped evolve the land with the growth of crop yields, such as “herbicides, pesticides, fertilizers, and hybrid wheat varieties.” (Phillips, 2008, pg. 387) This has caused long term environmental problems such as soil erosion. This has brought me to the interest of how the land that overcame the main problem. That is soil erosion stripped off the land due to farmers using chemicals to implement growth in their

The soil used to be rich and healthy. The rain used to provide necessary resources for survival. However, due to climate change this created a major complication for the tribe. Lately the land is not a fertile as it once was due to an inconsistent drought within the past fifteen years. Although the hills look lush and green, it is a facade because they’re not really what they appear to be.

I would like to address topic A, regarding the placement of subsistence strategies into four discrete categories: hunting and gathering (foraging), horticulture, pastoralism, and agriculture. While this quick categorization of human subsistence behavior has benefits to introduce these concepts, it falsely assumes that each behavior exists independently and ignores their location on a continuum, often blending from one strategy into the next. In this essay I will introduce each subsistence strategy, show examples of it and finally show ways that even among groups of people who would seem to fit the archetype of each behavior they often adopt strategies of others in a sort of mixing and matching process, especially in times of duress.

The subjects of Agriculture and Rural Development, including Natural Resource Economics, will enable me to empirically assess patterns that nest within it like; the relationship between climate change and food insecurity in marginalized communities: The case of semi-arid areas in Malawi. Through this plan, I will be able to answer questions on the nexus between food security, water use and energy security, as well as the indicators of climate change in Malawi. The correlation between climate change, the levels of food insecurity in Malawi and rural development, will also be accorded an investigation

No one seems to wonder why people fleeing drought should go to a desert. Simple logic tells us this is absurd”(Holcomb). I don’t know why these false accusations are being told. Somali refugees are waiting for the day their struggle is given light and not dismissed or amused. We need to hear the cries of our fellow humans and diminish stereotypes.

There are a variety of causes held responsible for the water crisis in Africa. These causes have been taken from African’s control and desperately need to be solved. Climate change is one of the countless reasons that there is a high demand for water in Africa. An article entitled “Africa’s Water Crisis Deepens” written for the 2006 News Scientist, states that Drought, famine and spreading deserts have plagued Africa for the past 30 years. With the expansion of desertification, the process in which land becomes increasingly dry with little to no water resources, areas of land have dried out and are useless to humans due to the lack of rainfall on the African continent over the past several years.

From there the people, land, and globally worldwide view of what can be done to stop the negative results of the drought:With so little resources East Africa uses what they have chicken blood is used as a treatment to a malnourished person (Stewart, 2011). Immunizations

Drought is another factor of climate change that causes severe damages to agriculture and livestock. The effects of drought on agricultural production and livestock holding can be a detrimental issue and result in quality dissatisfaction of products. The agricultural industry can be affected by drought both economically and environmentally. The economical effects of drought on crops and animals can lead to the loss of money and time. When droughts occur farmers lose money because they will have to spend more money earned from their

In this unit’s text, we learned about modernization of society and how agriculture permitted nomadic hunt-and-gather groups to become stabilized and centralized in one location. The text and supporting video clips introduced both positive and negative anthropological effects of the rise of agriculture. Three positive outcomes include stabilization, improved nutrition, and food surplus. For each of these positive instances, there is an alternate and negative impact as well: habitat destruction, feast and famine cycles, and health concerns. This essay will briefly expound on each positive outcome and its counterpart, and will relate the sustainable agrarian achievements of the people of the Gamo Highlands to these effects.