Is The Statistical Difference In Means Of The Congucent And Incongruent Scores?

In experiment 1, participants were instructed to press a key to determine if the stimulus was red, blue, yellow, or green. On the second half of the experiment, the stimulus appeared in grey with only one colored letter which was positioned randomly. Error rates for the experiment were below 2.5% for each condition, which is quite low. Experiment 2 was the same as experiment 1 except that there were 114 data collections instead of 288 and there were 36 practice trials instead of 72. According to experiment 1 and 2 it is suggested that the effect of

To first understand the importance of the clinical reaction time test, the physiological pathways involved in reaction time must first be

Throughout this investigation, data collection and statistical analysis will be performed to determine the validity of the following claim; “for driving a car, quick reactions are the most important factor. Males will be better drivers than females because they have faster reaction times” (Michael, 2014). In terms of driving, the time it takes for an individual to react to stimulus will have a major impact on the outcome of the situation. In an emergency, a driver may be required to rapidly slam on the breaks or turn the steering wheel, however it the individuals reaction time is slower than average, the likelihood of a collision is much greater. For instance, when an individual with a

Ullsperger, Bylsma, and Botvinick (2005) investigated whether the findings of Mayr, Awh, and Laurey (2003) can be replicated and how much they can be shown across different task performances. Their specific study was motivated by a prior experiment where Gratton, Coles, and Donchin (1992) found that after an incompatible type trial reaction times were reduced and target processing occurred more frequently than flanker processing on the next trial. Botvinick, Braver, Barch, Carter, and Cohen (2001) believed that this follows the conflict monitoring hypothesis where incompatible trials involve a conflict with the response leading to greater top-down information processing (Botvinick, Nystrom, Fissell, Carter, & Cohen, 1999). However, Mayr et. al (2003) argued that the congruency sequence effect found by Gratton et al. (1992) was due to repetition priming because of stimulus repeats in a flanker task. This may have led to a faster reaction time with repeated trials. Mayr et al. (2003) used two experiments to present evidence for their argument. Both experiments failed to show the effect found by Gratton et al. (1992) when target and stimulus items did not repeat from trial to trial.

The Stroop effect was tested on four different tasks. Nineteen Queens College students were recruited by flyer, and each were assigned to a word reading task, color reading task, color inhibition task, and word inhibition task. They were timed using a stopwatch function on a cell phone, to name the color, or word to the quickest of their ability. In the order from longest reaction time to shortest: inhibition color naming task, color naming task, inhibition word reading, and word reading. This study shows that people can read words more quickly than they can name colors, and that inhibiting an automatic response to color/word tasks will take longer to do than tasks that do not involve inhibition.

Alansari and Baroun (2004) had participants state whether they were color blind, dyslexic, or if they had previously ever taken the Stroop test before, it was important that these interferences were factored out in order to obtain a conclusive observation in regards to all the participants involved in the experiment. MacLeod (1991) had suggested that those with disabilities tended to show high Stroop interference, also along with those with an attention deficit disorder since maintaining concentration throughout the experiment and test is an important factor in obtaining more accurate results without a significant outlier. Also different levels of interference where shown in children and adults, it was also observed that interference began at an early age, declined in the adult years since most have a peak of cognitive development and understanding in adult years, but once again increased interference around the age of 60 (MacLeod,

It was therefore hypothesised that the reaction times for global judgments would be faster than the reaction times of local judgments. It was also hypothesised that consistent stimuli would be faster than conflicting stimuli in the local tasks.

The aim of this experiment is to study autonomic processes by replicating the previously carried out Stroop effect by using numbers. A number of 180 random participants aged in between 18-89 were recruited to participate in this experiment. Participants were presented with a stroop experiment task sheet which consists of three parts which was the control, congruent and incongruent conditions. Time was taken and recorded for each participant to say out the number of stars in the control condition and to say out the number of numbers in the congruent and incongruent conditions. Based on the results, participants took a considerably longer time to say the number of number in the incongruent condition than in the congruent condition.

The subjects were given mimeographed answer forms that were assumed to match the ones in front of the test takers. The subjects answer forms contained the correct answers so that they could keep track of the test takers scores. There were two tasks consisting of twenty-five questions each. The first consisted of household objects and was female oriented. The second consisted of mechanical objects and was male oriented. There was only one task completed during each experimental session chosen by the experimenter. The instructions given to each subject emphasized that a person’s performance is influenced by factors such as luck, ability, and effort. These factors were told to be kept in mind as well as the tone and hesitation in the test takers voice.

This is a correlational study and it has quantitative character. The article consists of next sections: Abstract, Introduction, Method (this part also consists of such subsections as Subjects, PDS, Tasks, and Procedure), Results, Discussion, and References.

I. Introduction The purpose of this reaction time experiment was to evaluate reaction time in relation to catching a ruler with one hand. The variables we tested this experiment under are as follows: catch with non-dominant indoors, catch with dominant indoors, and catch with non-dominant while outside, then catch with dominant while outside. Our control was to catch with dominant hand while inside. We chose these variables because we believe there will be a distinct difference between our ability to catch with our dominant hand vs. our non-dominant, and with distractions outside, and no distractions inside.

To understand the concept of Stroop effect, learning the definition is the first step in learning. To define the meaning, it is “a test for this effect in which individuals are presented with lists of color words in matching and non-matching colors and the time they take to read the different words, or the number of errors they make, is recorded.” (Stroop effect | definition of Stroop effect by Medical dictionary). With Stroop effect, we try to recognize and identify such colors and numbers. In the article, Rethinking the role of automaticity in cognitive control, by Chris Blais , Michael B. Harris , Jennifer V. Guerrero and Silvia A. Bunge, the subjects' performance is fundamentally based on implicit, rather than explicit, knowledge of the

In the experiment, one hundred and sixty (134 male, 26 female) Japanese students from Hokkaido University participated, which they were randomly drawn from a pool of roughly 1500 students who volunteered. The experimenters compared the assessments made between two 3-person groups in an intergroup condition with those made between two characters in the same condition. Hence, each sessions required eight participants; two participated in the

The reaction time (RT) of students was measured in the experiment to determine whether light or sound stimulus initiates a quicker response time. The question of whether or not RT was related to movement time (MT) was also challenged. Each student performed two test in random order; one testing the reaction time of a red light stimulus, or visual reaction time (VRT); and the other testing the reaction time of a “beeping” sound stimulus, or auditory reaction time (ART). The student completed the VRT trial by simply receiving the stimulus and pressing a button. The student placing and holding their hand on a button starts the ART trial. Once the student receives the stimulus (beep) they press the adjacent button as fast as they can. The ART trial does not only include the data of the RT, but also the data from the MT. Having previous knowledge that light travels faster than sound; one can predict that VRT is faster than ART. The prediction that MT is independent upon RT can be made with the thought that there are so many opposing variables that could affect the MT of an individual unrelated RT such as old age

We are replicating J.R. Stroop’s original experiment The Stroop Effect (Stroop, 1935). The aim of the study was to understand how automatic processing interferes with attempts to attend to sensory information. The independent variable of our experiment was the three conditions, the congruent words, the incongruent words, and the colored squares, and the dependent variable was the time that it took participants to state the ink color of the list of words in each condition. We used repeated measures for the experiment in order to avoid influence of extraneous variables. The participants were 16-17 years of age from Garland High School. The participants will be timed on how long it takes them to say the color of the squares and the color of the words. The research was conducted in the Math Studies class. The participants were aged 16-17 and were students at Garland High School. The results showed that participants took the most time with the incongruent words.