Is There Political Will in Egypt to Promote Gender Equality?

Various advocates and countries take steps to increase women's equality in culture during 1909. During this year in Egypt the influence of industrialization bring forth some of the same ideals amongst women from china in 1904. Ideas to improve their role in the workplace and to improve their role amongst society in Egypt. From the primary source found on page 684 of our textbook, we found excerpts from Women in Egypt amongst the upper-class having intellectual conversation about the effects of traditional religious practices on women's freedom and their potential role in society. As the Chinese held traditional values of women through their religion and social customs so too were subjected to such relations where the females of Egypt. Amongst their society men and those of the religion practiced believe women's role pertains to duties of the children and household while men's contribution was to be that of financial gains and provisions to the family's way of life. An outdated structural anomaly common amongst many men and women we see throughout various cultures. The women of this time period began to question these ideals held by their country just as various other civilizations have. What makes this source important is that it is one of many we found in this culture and in other cultures

Also after reading this it makes me wonder what else is going on around the world to find something as vulgar and painful as this going on in one area. This makes you question human abilities and traditions of other countries and basic human rights mainly for women. Female circumcision is just one of the things that is going around the world that is a tradition that is painful I'm sure there's more painful and equally disgraceful methods of “torture”. There are many points in this essay that made think about people's well-being. Obviously the pain they had to go through was very shocking but also how poor leave the women were being treated when they wanted to get it changed. One of the points that interest me that was all so shocking boys when they went into the detail of the circumcisions how they are “three different types” that you can do when you get a circumcision. Another part that interests me was when they are working for change there's many different types of ways that governments and individuals in these areas for work to try to get this band or changed from their

Everyone has their own perspectives on things and practice certain actions differently. After reading Martha Nussbaunm's piece made me realize how few other cultures deal with difficult circumstances. Female genital mutilation violates human rights regardless of what country you are from, what culture you are and what you practice in my opinion. Males and females are made exceedingly opposite within private parts so I agree and object to "female circumcision". Doing certain activities comes with dangerous health risks and and ultimately untimely deaths. That was the outcome these young woman faced in Fauziya's hometown. They were forced into this practice and own choice to protect their dignity was denied in which moral respect for others were

The horrible practice of female circumcision in sections of Africa as summarized in Female Circumcision: Rite of Passage or Violation of Rights? must be stopped. Female circumcision has been exercised for centuries in Africa and is usually performed without any anesthetic by practitioners with insufficient knowledge of human medicine or anatomy. Female genital cutting is a component for preparing adolescent girls for womanhood and marriage. There are three general types of genital excision: clitoridectomy, excision, and infibulation - the severity is in ascending order. Infibulation is the most severe and is “particularly likely to cause long-term health problems” (Althaus 245). Despite the ample amount of risks and health problems, some practitioners view female circumcision as an “integral part of their cultural and ethnic identity, and some perceive it as a religious obligation” (Althaus 243). The cultural practice of female circumcision requires the scrutiny of the West and should be abolished altogether because genital excision is injurious to women's health, has no health benefits, and is a violation of human rights.

Female genital mutilation (FGM) also known as female circumcision is a tradition passed down from generation to generation occurring all around the world affecting millions of women and young girls. FGM is controversial matter most prevalent in Africa (Ahanonu and Victor, 2014). To this day it’s estimated that about 28 African countries still practice this ritual including Nigeria (Ahanonu and Victor, 2014). In the past twenty years there has been a worldwide increased interest in FGM due to its multiplicity and lifelong effects. Some people believe FGM violates basic human rights where others believe this ritual is required to increase their chances of marriageability and that this practice is a transition from adolescents into adulthood

"I remember the blade. How it shone! There was a woman kneeling over me with the knife. I bit her; it was all I could do. Then three women came to hold me down. One of them sat on my chest. I bit her with all my might." These words reflect Banassiri Sylla’s account of her experience undergoing female circumcision, also known as female genital mutilation (FGM), at the young age of eight in the Ivory Coast. This disturbing description of her struggle makes it hard to understand why any culture could support such a practice. Yet, it is estimated that about 132 million women and girls in about thirty African countries have undergone the same, or at least similar, cultural

Female circumcision, also known as female genital mutilation (FGM), is a major topic in the feminist spotlight. Based solely on the difference between the descriptions of the topic (circumcision vs. mutilation), it is easy to see there is conflict of opinions about the ethics surrounding the practice. While male circumcision is often easily accepted in modern day society, female circumcision is not. The common stereotype is that female circumcision is performed as a male dominance practice (Vestbostad & Blystad, 2014), however, there are many alternate traditions surrounding the practice. Therefore, I will investigate both sides of the story: the religious/traditional outlook, feminist/human rights outlook and why concern is placed on female circumcision over male.

Female Genital Mutilation is a very large issue in many countries around the world. Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) “refers to all procedures including partial or total removal of the external female genitalia or other injury to the female genital organs for non-medical reasons” (WHO, 1). There are four types of FGM, but type I and II are the most common for women and children to partake in. There are about 100-140 million girls and women who are subjected to this harmful practice around the world” (WHO, 1). This practice has been a part of the cultural norms of many societies since the pre-colonial time and is still a major issue for the countries that participate in this harmful practice.

Female genital circumcision (FGC) is a cultural ritual that is performed to the vast majority of women within the countries of Sudan, Kenya, Mali, Benin, Togo, and parts of the Middle East. Female genital circumcision also termed as female genital mutilation is used based upon a person’s beliefs. This ritual has been highly controversial for many years especially in the western society, due to the health risks that women may have to go through. Doctor Gruenbaum, and anthropologist who studied FGC in Sudan, has researched this topic and believes that outsiders need to have an open mind about diverse cultures. I believe that this procedure should not be illegal; however, education about the risks of the procedure

In the article, “Lagging Far Behind: Women in the Middle East” Judith Colp Rubin (2012), an author, journalist and publisher, demonstrates the main aspects behind causing inequality between male and female rights in the Arab World. Colp Rubin clearly states based on certified statistical evidence, that despite of the basic rights given to females in the Arab region, lack in the equilibrium between both genders has still been consistent. She demonstrates her claim by referring to the discriminated political roles given to women in government, to the violence and mistreatment caused by peers in the surrounding society, and finally in the work field and education. Overall, the detailed ideas, the objective and straight-forward strategy

Female circumcision, also known as Female genital mutilation, or female genital cutting is a custom that has sparked controversy among many people belonging to other cultures not accustomed to the practice. Within the argument lay a series of debates surrounding the issue as culture and tradition clash with human rights over whether or not this practice should be allowed. Advocates against the practice draw on the prevalence, perceptions, and reasons for conducting FGM to combat what they believe is a human rights issue.

The term female genital mutilation or cutting refers to “all procedures involving partial or total removal of the external female genital or other injury to the female genital organs for non-medical reasons” (WHO, 4). The practice of female genital mutilation dates back over 2000 years ago, and is thought to have originated in Egypt as a sign of nobility. However, the practice now holds a deeply rooted inequality between the sexes and remains a severe form of discrimination against women. Since the practice has been a part of Egyptian culture for so long, it has become culturally integrated both socially and economically. There are four classifications of female genital mutilation: partial or total removal of the clitoris (clitoridectomy), partial or total removal of the clitoris and labia minora (excision), narrowing of the vaginal orifice with creation of a covering seal by cutting and appositioning the labia minora (infibulation) and all other harmful procedures to the female genitalia for non-medical purposes (WHO, 5). In 2008, the World Health Organization estimated that 91.1% of Egyptian girls and women had undergone female genital mutilation (WHO, 4). However, the validity and reliability of the data is skeptical to many because of the interview style method used to acquire the data.

Female Genital Mutilation (FGM), otherwise known as female circumcision, is a traumatic procedure performed on women and young girls, primarily in Eastern parts of the world. Among these parts, it is most common in North-Eastern, Eastern, and Western Africa, parts of the Middle East, and South East Asia. By destroying the external female genitalia, a woman cannot produce sexual desires. This approach assures that a girl will remain abstinent and a virgin until marriage. Although is has been kept a private issue, organizations such as Tostan are trying to reach out to communities and teach about the harmful effects of these cuttings. FGM survivors are trying to spread awareness as well. Depending on the severity of mutilation, short and long term ramifications can result. This can make the women affected physically and psychologically scarred. It is not only important to spread awareness, but to enforce harsher laws and put an end to social ostracism.

Recently, the gender inequality phenomenon start to appear strongly in Egypt and other countries. This phenomenon refers to treat the individual in unequal way according to their gender. “The word feminism has become synonymous with man-hating when in fact it has more to do with women than men.” As stated by Aysha Taryam (Taryam, 2017). According to statistics about the unemployment rate for women in Egypt was 22.3% in 2000 and became 27.8% in 2014 while the unemployment rate for men in Egypt was 5.5% in 2000 and became 8.5% in 2014 (Gender Data Portal , 2017). Gender inequality is a huge problem against the humanity. Women have an effective role in the society and empower them is very important to

"It's not a secret; we celebrate it!" said a Sudanese woman (qtd. Gruenbaum 15). This seems odd and cruel to us, for we are not accustomed to their ways. Female circumcision is carried out in 28 African countries, from Mauritania and the Ivory Coast in the west to Egypt, Somalia and Tanzania in the east, and a few ethnic groups in Asia (Abusharaf). It's estimated that more than 137 million women and girls have undergone the surgery and that another estimated 2 million will undergo it each year (Bosch 1177).