Ischaemic Heart Disease

The dental office can be a place of weakness for any cardiac attacks. Whether stable or unstable angina, patients subject to these attacks should be handled with a higher level of awareness. If a patient with a known history of angina experiences chest pain during a dental procedure, the procedure should be immediately stopped. The patient should be seated upright and given GTN sublingually and oxygen immediately. If the patient’s pain is not relieved within 3 minutes this pain may be caused by a possible myocardial infarction and medical help should be summoned.

Over the past years, heart disease has constituted one of the leading causes death in America. In fact, statistics show that one in every seven deaths is as a result of heart-related diseases (American Heart Association, 2016). Conversely, most deaths reported are of elderly individuals aged above the 65 years. However, there are also other underlying conditions that elevate the risk of developing heart diseases. According to the American Heart Association (2016) 62% of men and 67.8% of women have high blood pressure that are aged between 65-74 years of age. High blood pressure exposes older people to high-risk chances of developing cardiovascular diseases, characterized by high rates of mortality, morbidity, and disability. Cardiovascular

In Focus on Pharmacology Essentials For Health Professionals, Jahangir Moini states “angina pectoris is a common form of ischemic heart disease and often precedes and accompanies MI” (Moini, 2013. p.359). When having angina, a patient will feel pressure in the chest like a squeezing sensation and the pain can travel to the jaw, down the arm, into the neck, shoulders, or back.

One of the patient’s secondary diagnoses is atherosclerotic heart disease of native coronary artery without angina pectoris. He had a heart valve replacement in 2011. Atherosclerosis is a disease in which plaque made of fat, cholesterol, calcium, and other substances builds up inside the arteries. This is an issue because the plaque hardens over time and narrows the arteries, which then limits the flow of oxygenated blood to vital tissues. This condition can lead to heart attacks, strokes, and death. Coronary artery atherosclerosis is the single largest killer of both men and women in the United States (Boudi, 2016). The patient’s atherosclerosis is located in the coronary artery. This artery is one of two main blood vessels that branch off

Cardiovascular disease is a life threatening disease. Some persons may know that eating certain foods can increase their heart disease risk but it is tough to change these eating habits. In this paper I will explain the necessary dietary practices that can be use to prevent cardiovascular disease. Once you know which foods to eat more of and which foods to limit, you will be on your way toward a heart-healthy diet.

Healthcare teams often work together to augment the oral health of patients prior to cardiac surgery. This is commonly referred to as dental clearance prior to cardiac surgeries in this essay; I will focus on the rationale behind dental clearance for patients undergoing cardiac valve replacement. Dental clearance is the process when the patients who are referred from the cardiac surgery division, are assessed by the dental team for dental and oral concerns. And based on the finding the dentist might recommend a treatment plan before clearing the patient. These might include but not limited to, tooth extractions, dental hygiene, periodontal evaluation, fillings and oral surgery procedures.

Angina is considered a pressure or squeezing pain that occurs in your chest area. This is usually due to your heart muscle not getting the blood it needs to the heart. The pain could also happen in your shoulders, arms, jaw, neck, and back.

Complications that can also cause myocardial ischemia are heart attacks, arrhythmia , and heart failure. For a patient that has had any of these complications before are at a hirer risk for developing myocardial ischemia. Risk factors would be previous heart attacks, hypertension , high blood cholesterol, smoking, obesity, lack of physical activity, diabetes, and drug and alcohol abuse. In order to prevent or lower the risk of having myocardial ischemia is to make life-style changes for the better. It is also important to never and try to diagnose one’s self and to contact your doctor’s office if you may have any concerns.

Angina attacks are usually short, from one or two minutes to a maximum of about four to five. It usually goes away with rest, within a couple of minutes, or ten minutes at the most.<br> <br><i>Different Forms of Angina</i><br>There are several known forms of angina. Brief pain that comes on exertion and leave fairly quickly on rest is known as stable angina. When angina pain occurs during rest, it is called unstable angina. The symptoms are usually severe and the coronary arteries are badly narrowed. If a person suffers from unstable angina, there is a higher risk for that person to develop heart attacks. The pain may come up to 20 times a day, and it can wake a person up, especially after a disturbing dream. <br><br>Another type of angina is called atypical or variant angina. In this type of angina, pain occurs only when a person is resting or asleep rather

Heart disease, also known as the “silent killer”, is one of the most common causes of death worldwide, though many people live with this disease for many years without knowing it. Types of heart diseases include coronary artery disease, cardiomyopath, valvular heart disease, pericardial disease, and congenital heart disease. The most common type of heart disease is coronary artery disease.

During ischemia, the intracellular and extracellular adenosine and three phosphate (ATP) is depleted, leading to increased ATP degradation products, such as adenosine, hypoxanthine, xanthine and a shift towards anaerobic metabolism [3]. However, on reperfusion, the initial increase in oxygen delivery amount exceeds the amount needed for cellular metabolism from anaerobic pathways back to aerobic pathways. The whole process would lead to generation of damaging free radicals and a wide variety of reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated, including superoxide radical, hydrogen peroxide and hydroxyl radical. Even though hepatocyte can directly produce ROS, physiologically Kupffer cells are thought to be the main source of ROS in the early stages of live ischemia-reperfusion injury followed by natural killer T-cells generating ROS and neutrophils being the main source in the very later stages [4, 5].

Although the link is still not entirely clear, dentists and cardiologists have known of the connection between gum health and heart disease for a while. According to experts in both fields, one of the main noticeable tie-ins between a person's oral and heart health is inflammation. This is a common problem in both diseases: the hardening of arteries as plaque

Assess the ECG and, using a systematic approach, describe and interpret the ECG. Discuss the aetiology and pathogenesis of coronary atherosclerosis and myocardial ischaemia in your answer.

Angina pectoris is the medical term for chest pains, and is associated with coronary heart disease. This occurs due to a blockage or the over time narrowing of of arteries that transport blood to the heart. With angina pectoris, the causes, diagnosis and treatment steps can mean the difference between life or death for an individual. The term angina

In the department of Cardiology coronary artery disease is a major disease in the world. Coronary artery disease is the damages of the hearts major blood vessel for fat deposits. (2017, April 26) Plaque restricts the blood flow to the heart, which in the end progresses to a myocardial infraction also know as a heart attack, which is another major condition in the department of cardiology. When a patient is suffering from CAD, they may experience angina (chest pain) in the thoracic region that could circulate to their arms and neck. Arrhythmia can also occur, whether or not if it’s fast or slow paced. A patients pulse could also change depending on what is going on with the patient at the time. When a patient has CAD (coronary artery disease), there are a few procedures that are required from them on a monthly to yearly bases. Cardiac Catherization is one which is a procedure performed by passing a catheter into the blood vessel to see if there is any blockage in the arteries. (2017)