Ischaemic Stroke Essay

     If doctors agree that a stroke has taken place, they may do other tests to determine where the stroke occurred, how large of an area is damaged, and how the blood flow with in the brain has been effected; they do this by taking a CAT scan. They may also take an ECG to determine if there is any heart disease that may have caused the stroke. In addition, they take tests to see if the patient has high blood pressure or they may test the arteries themselves because this is a major cause of stroke in most people. Catheterization, injecting dye into the arteries, and blood tests are the most common tests done. A high glucose level in the blood may reveal diabetes and high blood fats indicate thickened red blood and arteriosclerosis. There may also be a high level of red blood cells, changing the consistency of the blood. These conditions must be treated to prevent further strokes.

Strokes are caused by a block in the blood supply to the brain which causes a decrease in oxygen and delivery of other important supplies which facilitate proper functioning. Fifteen million cases are reported worldwide annually, although not all of these cases are mortalities, the large prevalence of strokes ranks it as the fourth leading cause of death in the United States. (Figueroa) Because of the time sensitivity associated with the lack of resources to the brain, strokes are considered a medical emergency and early recognition of symptoms can help decrease the amount of damage caused . Although strokes do not always cause death, strokes most often leave the individual with some physical and cognitive impairment.

Mariam background is 60 year old lady admitted with left sided weakness and facial droop. Once confirmed stroke using the Recognition of Stroke in the Emergency Room (ROSIER) scale. Catangui (2015) states ROSIER scale is used to distinguish whether the patient is having a stroke or stroke mimics e.g. seizures or brain tumours. Computed tomography CT brain showed ischemic stroke. Ischaemic stroke is lack of sufficient blood supply to perfuse the brain/ cerebral tissue due to narrowing or blocked arteries in the brain (Morrison, 2014). According to Stroke Association (2015) statics shows that 1520000 strokes occur in the United Kingdom.

Aneesh Singhal, MD, author of Recognition and management of stroke in young adults and adolescents, from the Clinical Journal of the American Academy of Neurology states

Ischemic stroke is the blockage of blood vessels in the brain as a result of blood clots (thrombi), causing the portions of the brain nourished by the vessel and its tributaries to be starved of nutrients, poisoned, and to eventually die (“Symptoms

Alice Palmer has a mild brain tissue damage associated with the ischemic stroke as evidenced by a Glasgow Coma Scale score of 15. On the other hand, she has a normal heart rate of 89 beats per minute (HR 89) and a blood pressure of 155/90 mmHg. A blood pressure of 155/90 mmHg is an indication of stage 1 hypertension. Mrs. Alice Palmer is hypertensive because she refused to take medication while she was at home (Grace Meissner, 2011; Fortrat & Gharib, 2016). Further, Mrs. Alice Palmer has a left-sided hemiparesis which indicates damage to the right side of the brain. Left-sided hemiparesis is a weak muscle tone of the left side of the body which leads to faded movement and carrying out self-care activities such as dressing, bathing, and grabbing objects (Fischer et al., 2016). Moreover, damage to the right side of the brain is associated with poor memory since the limbic system is located in that region (Usher & Marriott, 2011). Also, Mrs. Alice had a bilateral visual field deficit because of the mild brain tissue damage associated with the ischemic

A stroke can be generally be defined in two types of categories. The first and most common type of stroke is called ischemic stroke. This occurs when a blood clot (cerebral thrombosis) blocks a blood vessel in the brain. Blood flow beyond the blood clot is then

Stroke previously known as Cerebrovascular accident is well-defined as ‘an abrupt cessation of cerebral circulation in one or more of the blood vessels distributing the brain. Due to the interruption or diminish of oxygen supply causes serious damage or necrosis in the brain tissues (Jauch, Kissella & Stettler, 2005). There is a presence of one or more symptoms such as weakness or numbness or paralysis of the face, arm or leg, difficulty speaking or swallowing, dizziness, loss of balance, loss of vision, sudden blurring or decreased vision in one or both eyes and headache. Stoke is categorised into two types, Ischaemic and haemorrhagic

Multiple image technique, such as, computed tomography (CT) to scan on the brain is the first diagnostic test, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and magnetic resonance angiography (MRA), is more sensitive than CT scan. Nuclear medicine scanning techniques and cerebral angiogram (Caplan L. 2009; National Medicines Information Centre. 2011 and National Clinical Guidelines for Stroke. 2012).

Along with these stroke teams in hospital setting there should be emergency medical services and personnel that specialize in stroke cases on board ambulances, where imaging can be done while being transported. CT imaging and MRI should be done immediately in order to establish diagnosis of AIS or the more severe proximal artery occlusion. Imaging is effective and essential as it accurately pinpoints the area that is being occluded or suffering from ischemia. Imaging is also done while more invasive reperfusion therapy takes place using angiographic and fluoroscopic guidance. The clinical research that has been done and is taking place now has made for better outcomes for many victims of acute ischemic stroke. Without this research and imaging technology acute ischemic stroke could have claimed many sufferers. Overall, I have learned that AIS is a serious matter and is one that should be dealt with rapidly from the first sign of onset. Time predetermines patient’s functional outcomes, so we should educate and keep researching going to find ways to improve reperfusion therapy in organized systems in stroke

Stroke is the second most common cause of death and disability worldwide[1]. One of the

Stroke can be caused either by a break of a blood vessel or a blood clot that travels and makes to one of the blood vessels in the brain causing brain tissue death (. It is the third leading cause of death and disabilities next to heart disease and cancer in the western world. The incident of ischemic stroke increases exponentially as the age is greater than or equal to eighty. There are risk factors that are known causes of stoke such as hypertension, atrial fibrillation, and post- surgical procedures. The mortality and morbidity increases depending on how many times the incident of stoke re-occurs decreasing the chance of survival; thus this

A cerebrovascular accident more commonly known as a stroke or brain attack is the term used to describe the sudden death of brain cells in a localized area due to inadequate blood flow. In order to woke the brain needs a constant supply of oxygen and nutrients. This supply is carried to the brain

Stroke affects everybody differently, and it is difficult to say how much of a recovery is possible. Many stroke survivors experience the most dramatic recovery during their stay in hospital in the weeks after their stroke.

Our brain is most complex organ system in our body. This three pound of tissue creates the main nerve center of the body. It controls our all body function, body movement, thought, and our behavior. Many of people do not know about the how a brain works? The left part of the brain controls our right side of the body and right side of brain part controls our left side of the body part. Our brain uses 20% of the total oxygen and blood in the body so it is required oxygen and nutrition from the blood for work properly. The lake of oxygen in the brain for 5 to 10-minute results in permanent brain damage or occurs a stroke. A stroke occurs when the blood supply to part of our brain is interrupted or severely reduced. A stroke is one of the diseases