Ischemic Stroke Rates in Ireland

Sometimes known as a brain attack, a stroke occurs when blood flow to the brain stops. Brain cells immediately start to die due to the lack of oxygen and nutrients they need to function. There are two types of strokes. The most common type, called ischemic stroke, is caused by a blood clot that blocks a blood vessel in the brain. The other kind of stroke, called hemorrhagic stroke, is caused by a blood vessel that breaks and bleeds into the brain. Stroke is the fourth leading cause of death for Americans ("What You Need to Know About Stroke," 2013). In fact, according to the CDC, more than 795,000 people in the United States have a stroke every year ("Stroke Facts," 2015). A stroke can cause great damage in the brain and lead to mild or severe

c. An ischemic stroke is typically caused by a thrombosis, which is a blood clot or an embolism, when the blood clot detaches and infiltrates the blood stream.

Section Two: Background Ischemic stroke is the blockage of blood vessels in the brain as a result of blood clots (thrombi), causing the portions of the brain nourished by the vessel and its tributaries to be starved of nutrients, poisoned, and to eventually die (“Symptoms

Outcome 1 1.1Dementia is caused by damage to brain cells and in many ways, from alcoholism, brain injury, drug abuse, side effects to medications, depression, age, thyroid function abnormalities, and vitamin B12 deficiency. Alzheimer’s Dementia is caused by a build-up of proteins which the body no longer breaks down and this

A stroke is a type of cardiovascular disease that affects the cerebral arteries, those blood vessels that carry blood to the brain. A stroke occurs when one of those blood vessels in the brain is obstructed or ruptures flooding the brain with blood. Depriving blood and oxygen to the brain results in those immediate cells death, causing the brain not to function properly. Once parts of the brain stop functioning, it can directly affect the areas of the body controlled (1).

Strokes are caused by pathophysiological changes. The two major mechanisms of stroke consist of ischemia and haemorrhage. Ischemia is when there is no oxygen or not, merely enough oxygen to fuel the tissue level in the body. Haemorrhage in the brain, causing strokes can be due to non-traumatic intracerebral haemorrhage (Shah, MD, n.d.) (see appendix 1). This essay will further discuss the implications of strokes on a cellular, organ and system level. Explain the clinical presentation of the signs and symptoms of strokes and how the condition will be managed by a paramedic.

Exploration of the Disease Strokes are caused by a block in the blood supply to the brain which causes a decrease in oxygen and delivery of other important supplies which facilitate proper functioning. Fifteen million cases are reported worldwide annually, although not all of these cases are mortalities, the large prevalence

Often times, doctors will typically call a stroke a “brain attack” because the events that transpire resemble those that occur during a heart attack (Wang and Aamodt, 2010). Blood supplies a constant source of oxygen to the brain. However, a stroke occurs when that blood supply to any given part of the brain is suddenly ceased. If the blood supply to the brain is suddenly interrupted this leads to the deprivation of oxygen and glucose to that area. The brain cells that are prevented from acquiring these substances, especially oxygen, will be quickly killed off. Strokes can be categorized into two classes: Ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes (Lindley, 2008).

Right side hemisphere strokes effects likely to be seen are paralysis on left side of the body, weak vision, and problems distinguishing basics e.g. tying shoes, buttoning shirts, up, down, left or right and also you can have short term memory. Brain Stem Strokes which are the most uncommon strokes that can happen are at the base of the brain and right above our spinal cord. Some effects after this stroke can give you problems in breathing or heart functions, unbalanced body temperature and body coordination, weakness or paralysis of both arms and legs, difficulty in chewing, swallowing, speaking and poor vision. Any type of stroke whether it is a Brain Stem Stroke or a Ischemic Stroke can be life changing but, after it depends on the progress at the recovery stage which can truly identify the damage and how serious it is. Some risk factors of stroke that you CANNOT change are the increase in your age, gender, family history, ethnicity and the Transient Ischemic Attack (chances of another stroke after a previous stroke). Some treatments that are available to patients with strokes are stroke medications, surgeries and few non surgical procedures. Stroke medications are drugs prescribed to be taken by a administrator some of them are Tissue Plasmogen Activator TPA (given within 3 hours of a stroke caused by a blood clot), clot busters, blood thinners

chemic strokes4 Ischemic strokes are the most common form of stroke, with around 85% of strokes being of this type. They are caused by the arteries that connect to the brain becoming blocked or narrowed, resulting in ischemia - severely reduced blood flow. These blockages are often caused by blood clots, which

Stroke is the fourth leading cause of death in American and a leading cause of adult disability. Stroke or other known as a “transient ischemic attack” occurs when a blood clot blocks an artery or a blood vessel breaks, interrupting the blood flown to an area of the brain. These characteristics cause a loss of cerebral function. (NSA, 2014) When brain cells die during a stroke, abilities controlled by that area of the brain are lost. These abilities include speech, movement and memory. How a stroke patient is affected depends on where the stroke occurs in the brain and how much the brain is damaged. (NSA, 2014) Stroke rehabilitation starts on admission to hospital and continues after discharge; the aim is to restore a level of

Strokes claim a victim every forty seconds in the world (Mcintosh 1). Strokes happen when the brain is deprived of blood, leading to rapid brain cells start dying rapidly, which causes muscle weakness on one side of the body, speech difficulties, and the drooping of the side of one’s face. Oftentimes, strokes are believed to be unpredictable and unmanageable, however understanding the biology and causes behind them can allow for many prevented and effectively managed strokes (Mcintosh 2).

Table of Contents Definition 2 General Information 3 Types Ischemic Stroke 4 Hemorrhagic Stroke 5 Stroke Warning Signs .6 Risk Factors Treatable Risk Factors 7 How a CVA is Diagnosed 8 Medical Treatment Emergency and Rehabilitation .9 Prevention and Prognosis 10 Effects of Stroke 11 Common Problems and Complications 12 Statistics 13 Cost Of Stroke to the United States 14 Final Data for 2000 14 Key Terms 15 Definition A cerebrovascular accident more commonly known as a stroke or brain attack is the term used to describe the sudden death of brain cells in a localized area due to inadequate blood flow. In order to woke the brain needs a constant supply of oxygen and nutrients. This supply is carried to the brain

When you have an ischemic stroke, the oxygen-rich bloodsupply to part of your brain is reduced. With a hemorrhagic stroke, there is bleeding in the brain.

Title: Cerebrovascular Disease: Stroke- Definition, Incidence & Prevention Student Larvinya Gnanasambantham Student Number 17690760 Email Address larvinya.gnanasam@student.curtin.edu.au Course BSc Medical Imaging Science Unit Foundations for Professional Health Practice 100 Lecturer/tutor Ajay Karia & Lauren Parsons Due Date 15th October 2014 I declare that this assignment is my own work and has not been submitted in any form for another unit, degree or diploma at any university or other institute of tertiary education. Information derived from the published or unpublished work of others has been acknowledged in the text and list of references is given. I warrant that any disks and/or computer files submitted as part of this assignment have been checked for viruses and reported clean.