Paper Proposal

Associating Islam with violence is a false impression that the Western public has long cultivated about this religion. An example of this misconception is that Islam is a religion spread by the sword, meaning that Muslims went from one end of the world to the other, conquering nations and forcing the inhabitants to either convert or die. The truth is that Islam spread through the expansion of the Ottoman empire, not that people were forced to convert or die. A modern day example of the Islam=violence misconception is Saddam Hussein. Although Hussein is of the Islamic faith, not all of his actions necessarily represent Islamic beliefs.

Every time I visit my grandmother in Georgia the temperature can never be right. It is always too cold or too warm. This is a problem for someone her age because she is constantly having to adjust the thermostat; furthermore, to squint at the small numbers and dials is tiring and frustrating. Her internal temperature needs to be maintained, and constant fluctuations provide no benefit to her health. If her temperature drops too low it can cause infections and illness. If it rises too high it can cause fever, dehydration, and heat stroke. When 98.6 degrees Fahrenheit is not sustained the problems become endless.

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Islam is not the only religion that use violence for instance, the Christian use violence to destroy Islam. In the article crusades the idea of violence was demonstrated when pope urban II send innumerable amount of solder to “Rise in a spirit of cruelty against the jewish people scattered through the cities and slaughtered ’the women, also, and with their swords pierced tender children of whatever gender and sex.” The soldier did not stop there they also “Destroy the houses, synagogue of the jews and divided among themselves a very, large, amount of money [that once belonged to the jews].” Christians were influenced by Pope Urban II to assassinate million of people. It is estimated that about 1.7 million of people died during the crusades.

The 9/11 terrorists broke numerous laws of Islam and were denounced as mass murderers by Islamic religious leaders. Even so, Islam is viewed as a religion preaching violence.

According to Sabrina Tavernise from New York Times, Terrorism is an ideology, it's not a religion, but the religion that tends to give birth to it most often these days is Islam. The threat from that is very real, and we can't just ignore it. This false preaching is exactly what is promoting these unreasonable courses of action that terrorist do.

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say whether the students relative willingness to kill non-Muslims is resultant from their perception of non-Muslims as less like them or if it has been drawn directly from the teachings they have received. It should be noted that another finding of social psychology is that attitudes and behaviour are generally not strongly correlated (Eibach, 2012) and that when taken alone the interviews do not show a direct correlation with violent actions. However, other references that are made both in the book and within Atran's research does lead to a more conclusive link. Ultimately despite the weakness of its small sample size and the fact that it only shows an explicit attitude rather than behaviours that might be resultant from that attitude, the research is persuasive in that it shows a clear link between the degree to which outsiders are seen as being unlike the students and the degree to which they display hostile attitudes towards outsiders. In addition, this has been shown in a way that is highly relevant to ideas and facts presented in Talking to the Enemy, in that the students from the JI affiliated madrasa were far more likely than the others to endorse violence, and in fact within the same study it is stated that “JI-linked madrasa attendance rates of the jihadists that took part in... (a number of prolific bombings) are 19 times greater than the highest estimated rates of the general population.”

One of the biggest issues in our world today is the issue and conflict that the West is having with Islam. For almost the past two decades, it seems that the West And Islam have been in constant conflicts with each other. This papers will discuss and compare the opinions of Bernard Lewis in The Roots of Muslim rage and Nicolaas van der Zee in The Roots of Muslim rage Revisited, and their respective opinions on this issues. Both authors in many ways fundamentally disagree with each other, when searching for a cause and solution to this problem. This essay will discuss the valid points made by both authors, and will attempt to show how both authors have valid and sensible arguments on the issue on hand.

Nowadays, citizens often hear about the troubles Islamist radicals bring to countries, especially in the U.S. and Europe. It is known that people have several opinions on this particular religion, but the real question to be asked is whether Islam is really a religion of violence or peace. There are many Islamist groups- Isis and al-Quaida for example- that are responsible for acts of terrorism. For instance, the bombing of the twin towers in 2001 in New York, the London terrorist bombings that killed 52 innocent lives, the many bombings and attacks in Paris, etc. Personally, I think Islam is neither a religion of peace nor violence. Islam is not revolving around the idea of violence, but they don’t necessarily act in a tranquil manner. Moreover, Islam is not just a religion to its followers, it is more an ideology whereas its followers live for their religion; I think this is why some go to such extreme measures.

The connection between Muslims and violence is incorrect to a certain extent. This idea is encouraged

Verses 2:190-194 and 216-218 of the Quran reflect what Muslims believe constitutes a just war. A part of verse 191 says, “And kill them wherever you overtake them, and expel them from where they had expelled you.” The Quran even supports a just war in sacred places and sacred times of the year. Another part of verse 191 says, “But do not fight them at the Sacred Mosque, unless they fight you there.” The first part of verse 194 mentions fighting during a sacred time when, “The sacred month for the sacred month; and sacrilege calls for retaliation.” It also addresses how it is a necessity for a Muslim to fight if there is persecution by verse 216 saying, “Fighting is ordained for you, even though you dislike it.” The rest of verse 216 says that the person who finds fighting unappealing must still fight. These people who do not like fighting do not know what is best for themselves, but God does according to verse 216.

To understand the connection between Islam and violence, one must understand certain facets of the Muslim worldview. One of the most important is the fact that, according to the historic Muslim understanding, there is no separation between religion and government—what in Christianity would be called the separation of church and state.

Religion teaches goodness and violence is rarely found, if ever, within the teachings (Winchester, 1). Terrorists, though, need a justification for their actions and so they must dig through scriptures to find a reason (Gibson, 2). Religion and terrorism is a major controversy because of all the different opinions and facts.

The connection between Islam and terrorism was not intensified until the 9/11 attack on the World Trade Center that pushed the Islamic faith into the national and international spotlight (Smith, 2013). As Smith (2013) articulated, “Many Americans who had never given Islam a second thought before 9/11 now had to figure out how to make sense of these events and relate to the faith tradition that ostensibly inspired them” (p. 1). One way in which people made sense of these events was through the media channels that influenced their overall opinions by shaping a framework of censored ideas (Yusof, Hassan, Hassan & Osman, 2013). In a survey conducted by Pew Forum (2012), 32% of people reported that their opinions of Muslims were greatly influenced by the media’s portrayal of Islam that depicted violent pictorials and fundamentalist Muslims. Such constant negative depiction is likely to lead to the inevitable—prejudice and hate crime. For instance, in 2002 alone there were approximately 481 hate crimes that were carried out against Muslims (Smith, 2013). Ever since the 9/11 attacks Muslim people have been the target of “suspicion, harassment and discrimination” (Talal, n.d., p. 9).