Bc Synthesis Lab Report

Acetic Anhydride and p-Aminophenol were heated in a vial attached to an air condenser to synthesize crude acetaminophen, resulting in 0.097 grams (47.48% yield). The crude acetaminophen was then recrystallized in a solvent of water and methanol over heat resulting in 0.082 grams (39.61% yield) of pure acetaminophen. Melting points of both crude and pure acetaminophen were taken, and found to be 165.9 - 170.9°C and 168.2 - 171.5°C, respectively. The literature melting point of acetaminophen is 169.5 – 171.0°C, indicating that our final product was pure.

Ever wonder about the chemical makeup of tablets that people take for pain relief? Before a tablet can be successfully made, the limiting and excess reactants must be considered. The limiting reactant will affect the amount of the product that can be made. Another reason why the starting reactants must be determined carefully is to make reduce the amount of the reactant in excess so that reactants are not wasted. This experiment uses an Alka-Seltzer tablet. Alka-Seltzer dissolves in water and is an antacid and a pain reliever1. The Alka-Seltzer tablet has many uses such as relief of headaches, ingestion, heart burns, or even upset stomachs2. The active ingredients in an Alka-Seltzer tablet is aspirin, also known as acetyl-salicylic acid (C8H12O4), citric acid (C6H8O7), and sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3)2. The aspirin in the Alka-Seltzer tablet helps with pain relief. Because of the acid-base chemistry (Brønsted-Lowry), citric acid and sodium bicarbonate produce O2, which makes the tablet fizz when it is dropped in liquid. The Brønsted-Lowry theory shows how the Brønsted-Lowry acid donates a hydrogen ion while the Brønsted-Lowry base accepts the hydrogen ions3. The remaining NaHCO3 that is in excess post reaction with the citric acid is what is used to neutralize stomach acid which helps relief heart burn2. The problem in

Both Aspirin and the Unknown are soluble in dichloromethane, due to their non-polar characteristics. To separate the two components, sodium bicarbonate was added (see figure 3). Sodium bicarbonate reacted with aspirin and converted it to a salt, also forming water and carbon dioxide. It was observed that the solution "fizzed" when this reaction took place, showing the release of carbon dioxide. The newly formed salt then traveled to an aqueous layer where it was soluble, while the unknown remained in the dichloromethane layer. The two layers were then separated. To collect an aspirin solid, the combination of the addition of HCl and the process of vacuum filtration helped to break down the salt and form a solid. Then the solid was placed in the Fisher Scientific Biotemp Oven to dry it to a constant mass of 0.091 g, 32.97% of the total composition. The

In this experiment, several analgesics were analyzed by Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) and the composition of an unknown tablet was identified. We define chromatography as the separation of two or more compounds or ions by their molecular interactions by either a moving or a stationary phase.1 There are different types of chromatography: Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC), Gas Liquid Chromatography (GC), and Column Chromatography (CC). All of which there two phases:

Discussion: As seen in the melting point determination, the average melting point range of the product was 172.2-185.3ºC. The melting points of the possible products are listed as 101ºC for o-methoxybenzoic acid, 110ºC for m- methoxybenzoic acid, and 185ºC for p- methoxybenzoic acid. As the melting point of the sample

Which brand of painkilling medicine dissolves the fastest and does flavor, coating, and color of the pill affect the dissolution time? If several different pain neutralizing pills are placed in stomach acid and timed in order to find out which pill dissolves first, then the most effective pill will be the first to dissolve. In order to test this, eight different types of pain neutralizing medicine were put into simulated stomach acid and timed. Normal strength, liquid gel capsules, and children's flavored pills were all tested. In order to accurately simulate stomach acid, vinegar, which has the same pH levels of stomach acid, was heated to thirty seven degrees Celsius and stirred constantly and evenly. The pills tested were Advil, Children's

b. As I mentioned above that I spilled some of the benzoic acid therefore the initial mass

The problem proposed in the experiment is an unknown ingredient found in generic Panacetin tablets that must be discovered. Panacetin tablets are known to contain aspirin, acetaminophen, and sucrose; therefore, the tablets tested, containing aspirin and sucrose, are thought to contain an unknown of something similar to that of acetaminophen such as acetanilide or phenacetin. Another problem trying to be sought out in the experiments is whether or not the composition of Panacetin as stated on the label is accurate.

TLC Analysis of Analgesic Drugs Author: Monique Amanda Mendez Lab Instructor: Wenmo Sun Organic Chemistry Lab 243A: Section 038 Date Work Performed: 02 September 2015 Discussion: Lab 1a - TLC Analysis of Analgesic Drugs Discuss the relative polarities of the components of the analgesic drugs based on their functional groups The relative polarity of the analgesic drugs depends on their functional groups. Polarity of the drugs depends on several differentiating factors which include how the compound can hydrogen bond to itself or another compound, the number of electronegative atoms that are present within the structure of the compound, the net dipole moment of the molecule and the polarizability of the bonds or atoms that are present within the compound, which can highly define how polarizable the compound is or will be. The more polar the functional group, the stronger the bond is to the stationary phase, making it slower for the molecules to move down the TLC plate, thus the stronger it will be absorbed on the surface of the solid phase.

Aspirin, also known as acetylsalicylic acid, was among the earliest drugs to be synthesized and is still commonly used worldwide today. Aspirin is useful as an anti pyretic, anti platelet, analgesic, as well as, anti-inflammatory drugs. Its main clinical importance now is in the treatment of cardiovascular disease. It can be orally administered and is rapidly absorbed as the liver metabolizes 75%, but can’t be given to human beings under the age of 16. The elimination of aspirins metabolite, salicylate, follows first-order kinetics at low doses, but at high doses, it follows saturation kinetics. (Rang et al., 2012).

In this experiment, I collected the willow bark then boil it using the heating flask. I used the rotary evaporator to separate water from the crude product. I further used centrifugation and crystallization of the compound. At last, I compared my aspirin sample with an analgesic aspirin using the NMR at Boston College.

This series of labs aimed to synthesize and characterize aspirin from salicylic acid and acetic anhydride. The synthesis and recrystallization procedures entail the production and purification of aspirin. Several characterization techniques utilized in order to test its purity. Methods to characterize purity include determining the melting point of pure and crude aspirin, the pH

Aspirin is a commonly used pain killer and an anti-inflammatory. Hagiwara, Kaneko, Murata, Ikegami, and Oshima (2014) reported that aspirin or acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) is used to treat trauma, infections, and rheumatic diseases. Hagiwara et al. (2014) stated that,” a dose of ASA of greater than 150 mg/kg is toxic, and ASA intake of more than 500 mg/kg causes severe toxicosis” (p. 72). Since an overdose of ASA could be fatal, it is important that companies list the exact amount of aspirin in one tablet. The purpose of this lab is to confirm that aspirin tablets contain the amount of medicine that is advertised on the bottle. If the aspirin bottle states that there is 325 mg in one tablet, then there should be 325 mg of aspirin found when titrated. In an acid base reaction, both solutions are neutralized when there are equal parts of acid and base. This relationship is vital to determine the concentration of a solution through standardization. (Northern Virginia Community College, 2016, para. 1). Solutions are standardized by using titration, which is a method of measuring the volume of a solution needed to fully react and neutralize another reagent (Northern Virginia Community College, 2016, para. 1). To know when the solutions are equivalent, an indicator called phenolphthalein is put into the solution with

Alkaloids occur naturally and considered an organic compound that provides many benefits for both humans and animals. Nevertheless, alkaloids embrace caffeine as a member of the family, which exists in many natural drinks and manufactured drinks. Furthermore, the extraction of caffeine was done through the previous experiment in which boiling water and dichloromethane separated the organic layer and sodium carbonate worked on excluding the Tannins acid. Later on, caffeine was completely extracted by removing the solution via heating (Rains, 2016). Proceeding with experiment, the duration of boiling for tea was eight minutes whereas for coffee, boiling duration was fifteen minutes. Moreover, after boiling process, both liquids were transferred to a separatory funnel and was inverted for a total of four times and vented after every invertion to allow for the accumulation of undesired gas to

Thus, an important determinant for the diffusion of the substance through the SC is the logP value (table (18). According to this, caffeine has high aqueous solubility so will be presented to the SC in high concentration but its partitioning to the SC will be low. On the other hand, the hydrophobic molecule butyl paraben has good partitioning properties to the SC but its low aqueous solubility will limit the available concentration. The unionized and ionized forms of ibuprofen will behave similar to butyl paraben and caffeine respectively. Methyl paraben has an intermediate hydrophobic character which allows acceptable aqueous solubility and partitioning tendency to the SC, thus higher diffused amounts and flux values were