Izmir, Turkey - the Pearl of the Aegean

16. Plot the earthquake data from the region associated with the Tonga Trench from Table 1 on the left section of the graph paper, using a dot to represent each data point.

On January 12th, 2010, the small country of Haiti was hit by a 7.0 magnitude earthquake that devastated the city of Port-au-Prince and surrounding areas (Haiti earthquake of 2010, 2015). The 30-second disaster was just the beginning of a collection of aftershocks that then struck the country relentlessly for days (Haiti earthquake of 2010, 2015). Many areas were reduced to rubble leaving approximately one million Haitians homeless and 350 000 dead and another 300 000 injured (Haiti earthquake of 2010, 2015). The ill-prepared country was sitting on two tectonic plates- the Caribbean and the North American, where there was slippage resulting in the earthquake (KS3 Bitesize Geography). Following the environmental catastrophe, the international community responded, and a relief effort began (Haiti earthquake of 2010, 2015).

Earthquakes have afflicted the world since its inception. The sudden release of energy from volcanoes or displacing of earth plates can result in disasters of extreme magnitude. These usually naturally occurring phenomenon have been responsible from wiping out entire towns throughout history and until today continue to produce major loss of life and infrastructure. It can take years for a city or country to recover from a major event of this kind and when a third world country is involved, the result is usually exponentially worse than in a developed country. In the past decades Japan, Chile and Haiti have suffered the devastation an earthquake produces. This document will concentrate in Haiti, a small country in the Caribbean. On

From this figure I know that the earthquake is located at the point where all three circles are intersecting. It looks as if it is on the boarder of Montana and Colorado.

The 1906 San Francisco Earthquake tectonic setting was in the outermost shell of earth known as the crust this is composed of rigid plates that have been moving for hundreds of millions of years. Two of these moving plates meet in western California; the boundary between them is a zone of faults, the principal one being the San Andreas fault. The horizontal sliding of the Pacific Plate relative to the North American Plate, causes earthquakes along the San Andreas fault and similar plates near the region. The San Andreas fault is a transform plate boundary, accommodating horizontal relative motions (usgs.gov).

Greece, officially the Hellenic Republic, historically also known as Hellas, is a country in southeastern Europe, with a population of approximately 11 million as of 2015. Athens is the nation's capital and largest city, followed by Thessaloniki. Greece is strategically located at the crossroads of Europe, Asia, and Africa. Situated on the southern tip of the Balkan peninsula, it shares land borders with Albania to the northwest, the Republic of Macedonia and Bulgaria to the north, and Turkey to the northeast. Greece consists of nine geographic regions: Macedonia, Central Greece, the Peloponnese, Thessaly, Epirus, the Aegean Islands, Thrace, Crete, and the Ionian Islands. The Aegean Sea lies to the east of the mainland, the Ionian Sea

A ‘hazard’ can be defined as a geophysical process operating within the lithosphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere or biosphere which could potentially lead to the loss of human life or property. However, an earthquake only becomes hazardous and therefore needs management if it occurs within close proximity to a vulnerable population. To some extent, any human settlement around the world situated close to or on top of an area of seismic activity is vulnerable. However, not all nations suffer equal devastation.

At this point, from the information in Figure 9.6C, how specific can you now be as concerns the location of that earthquake?

Breaking news on Fox today, It is May 20,1960 and the ground is shaking. Scientists are saying one of the biggest quakes in the 20th century now happening in Valdivia located in southern Chile. The magnitude, how vast the size of something is, in this case the earthquake was 9.5 and great damage is reported. Now, we are reporting from the remains of the city and are not sure if there is going to be an aftershock,which is an earthquake that occurs after a larger earthquake in the same area. I am your news reporter Dasha Krumer and today I am with Shreya Srihari an expert on earthquakes a seismologist.

The extent to which tectonic processes represent a hazard depends upon when and where they are experienced (40)

Haiti, Japan, Taiwan...what do they all have in common? All 3 have had unexpected major earthquakes strike them and demolish there land. But what is an earthquake? An earthquake is the movement of earth’s tectonic plates. They happen because a mass energy causes the constantly moving tectonic plates to pass one another in either a transform, convergent or divergent movement, after a long period of time pushing against each other. They usually occur in cities located on the border of the tectonic plates like California, British Columbia (west coast) and Japan. Depending on the intensity of the earthquake, it has the potential to cause a lot of destruction and hurt many civilians. It can degrade community to a point where it would take years to recover. However much destruction has been caused, there are precautions that could be taken before hand to reduce the damage. This report will be comparing 3 major recent earthquakes from Haiti, Japan and Taiwan and how each country is doing post-earthquake.

Earthquake Hazards occur when there are adverse effects on human activities. This can include surface faulting, ground shaking and liquefaction. In this essay I will be discussing the factors that affect earthquakes, whether human such as population density, urbanisation and earthquake mitigation or physical such as liquefaction, magnitude, landslides and proximity to the focus.

Throughout history, the middle east has often been the focus of news reporters. A middle eastern country that has not been exempt from this, is Turkey. Turkey has not only been a focus, but it also has had a very long, complicated history.

It’s recognized as the second deadliest earthquake in New Zealand following the 7.8 Hawkes bay Earthquake (Kaiser et al, 2012). The earthquake was first thought to be an aftershock of the 7.1 Darfield earthquake of September 2010 at the eastern edge. This was an area that originally was of a low earthquake occurrence rate since prior to 2011 there was no knowledge of a fault’s existence thus catching the New Zealand citizens off-guard. The Christchurch earthquake resulted in 185 casualties affecting more than 300,000 people (Kaiser et al, 2012). The earthquake first made contact with in the South Islands, only 10 km away from the center of Christchurch. Ground motions were unusually large near Christchurch measuring 2.2 g and 1.7g at the epicenter, the point directly above

The North Anatolian Fault (NAF) (Fig. 1) in northern Turkey is a significant, seismically active structure (e.g. Barka 1992; Sengor et al. 2005). The NAF is a 1200 km-long dextral strike-slip fault which extends from the town of Karliova in eastern Turkey, paralleling the southern coast of the Black sea, across the Northern Aegean Sea, central and mainland Greece, eventually linking with the Hellenic subduction zone (e.g. Barka 1992; Barka et al. 2000; Sengor et al. 2005). The NAF is part of a larger zone of deformation called the North Anatolian Shear Zone (NASZ), but currently seismic activity is largely confined to the narrow, mostly through-going NAF (Sengor et al. 1985; Sengor et al. 2005).