J B Sanford Fallacy

“Women, we might as well be dogs baying the moon as petitioners without the right to vote!” These were the famous words of a key leader in the women’s Suffrage Movement, Susan B. Anthony. In the past, the rights guaranteed to men were not applied to women, and therefore caused great injustice. It wasn’t until the mid-1800s that women started to take a stand and fight for their voting rights. As a result, these actions caused a positive impact in our country and now, women have equal rights as men, as it should. There are some that say that it is just another part of history and that there is no importance behind it, in other words, it is irrelevant compared to the Civil Rights Movement for example. Women’s suffrage was a positive impact through the leadership of Susan B. Anthony, their hard work and contributions, and their succession in the ratification of the Nineteenth Amendment.

Women’s rights were not always a part of society as it may seem in today’s world. Suffrage can date all the way back to 1776. Women had to fight for their rights and privileges, hard and for many years. In the late 1800’s women were seen as much less than a male and had no voice. Women were arrested, prosecuted and put down for wanting more freedom and power for their gender. As you see in many suffrage ads, women were desperate and wanted so badly the same equality as men. A few women in particular stood up for what they believed was right and fought hard. Although it took far too long and over 100 years, in 1920 women were finally given the opportunity to share the same voting rights as men. History had been made.

The second argument, on women being too emotional and sentimental to be able to vote objectively, is dismantled because men, even political leaders, express the same emotions that could cloud the judgment of important decisions. Next, with the third argument, Blackwell explains how gender is not connected to the rights given to citizens. With the final argument, on how growing feminist and suffrage groups would destroy the home image and marital relationship, Blackwell presents the following statement, “We believe that woman’s ballot will strengthen the power of the home, and sustain the dignity and sacredness of marriage.” The central idea Blackwell was trying to convey was that women are on the same level as men, mentally and emotionally, as well as the fact that allowing women basic civil rights would not jeopardize the future of the nation, if not improve it. As stated by Blackwell, “Is there any equally good reason why no account should be taken of the opinions of women?” The truth is, there was no adequate answer to why women could not participate in society with the principals written out in the United States’ original, outdated Constitution. These weightless allegations against women’s suffrage proved nothing but the great divide between genders present at the time.

The first chapter introduced the reader to the art of rhetoric. He describes how rhetoric works through real life examples. He demonstrates ways that rhetoric persuades us like, argument from strength, and seduction. He tells the reader that the sole purpose of arguing is to persuade the audience. He showed that the chief purpose of arguing is to also achieve consensus, a shared faith in a choice.

Sentimentalism in marriage changed the idea of the marriage between man and woman from one that was traditional and gave men the ownership of a woman to a more loving, compassionate marriage. Around this time, Republican Motherhood, the idea that women were responsible for bettering the future of society through raising children, became popular. During the Second Great Awakening in 1820, women began to hold more authoritative roles. Through religious roles in the Second Great Awakening, women found opportunities in church-sponsored academies. The right of education became more and more popular as women stepped into society and out of the home. Women activism proved successful after the Civil War. In 1920, the 18th amendment, suffrage for women, was brought into society. With suffrage, women would continue to lead themselves into an empowerment many had never seen before. From the 1700s to modern day society, women have held more of an equal role in society with the rights of suffrage, education, and reproductive rights given to them through Roe V. Wade in 1973, which aided women in their transition into the professional world. Although women hold a more equal stance than in 1700, there is still a subtle, more “invisible” subordination present, negatively effecting women in America.

In Susan B. Anthony’s speech, she reasons that the constitution grants these rights to not just male or white male citizens, but to “the whole people”(Source E) making the purpose of voting to serve as a means to “secure the blessing of liberty”(Source E) for oneself, and Anthony believed everyone should have an opportunity to participate. The pathos emotion in her diction moves the listener to feel what she was feeling, insisting that “women are citizens”(Source E) just like men. Hence, many women and people of color in the U.S. find themselves having to stand up to the authorities or the government to explain that they deserve to exercise the same liberties given to everyone else, sometimes in vain. In her speech, Anthony has to do just that, convince her listeners throughout her speech that she in fact committed no crime at all, but simply “exercised her citizens rights”(Source E). In order to do this, he even went as far as saying that laws that limited women and other minorities voting capabilities was a “violation of the supreme law”(Source E). Moreover, the modern day voting system reflects, under closer inspection, that the power does not truly lie with the people, but only with the representatives elected by the people-- which impedes on the civil liberties of the entire country. Such corrupt systems of government imposing laws limiting the freedom of particular groups further prove that civil liberty

In Cross’s opinion, she believes people are bamboozled by propaganda because they fail to recognize when they experience it (248). The thirteen propaganda methods Cross describes in this essay include the following: Name-Calling, Glittering Generalities, Plain-Folks Appeal, Arguementum Ad Populum (Stroking),

an action or a thinking that is right to do. The reason is because this opinion is popular, supported

Equal rights have long been sought out by the people of America and they continue to be chased after today. Several of our freedoms were originally seen by the Constitutional to be inalienable, so ingrained in what the founding fathers saw as American values that the Bill of Rights has set them in stone. Unfortunately for some, universal suffrage was not one of those rights. While voting was largely limited at the founding of America, citizens, namely white males, slowly gained the right to vote without discrimination towards age or social status. However, women remained barred from the ballot, regardless of race. Though the suffrage movement started as a woman’s social movement, it evolved into a driving force that would hold the power to put in place a nineteenth constitutional amendment.

     The first major social problem facing America today is the crisis of births to unmarried woman. In “Straight Line to Calamity” George Will writes, “rising illegitimacy is a self-reinforcing trend because of the many mechanisms of

In the third paragraph, Hillary Clinton appealed to the emotions of her audience by using the fallacy of ad misericordiam, which appeals to pity, while describing the treatment of LGBT youth in the inner city and suburbs. The presidential nominee argued, “You can get married on Saturday, post your pictures on Sunday and get fired on Monday. That's why we've got to continue the forward march of progress” (para. 5). That is an example of Clinton making a hasty generalization. She informed her audience of an isolated case and presented it as normal, recurring event. The majority of Clinton’s sixth paragraph employed the fallacy of ad populum. She only explained her plans for office as it pertained to her audience. Her audience was at a fundraiser for leaders and supporters of LGBT rights, thus she only explained her plans to uplift the LGBT community and nothing else. Clinton used the bandwagon appeal to refer to Donald Trump’s supporters when she called to put half of them in a group called the “basket of deplorables” (para. 7). Donald Trump’s supporters are often the subject of attention because of their colorful tactics and Hillary Clinton tried to cash in on that. Lastly, the Democratic presidential nominee also employed the logical fallacy of faulty cause and effect. It is evident when she said, “We will win if people turn out to vote. There is no doubt in my mind that we will win” (para. 10). Hillary Clinton is trying to

The Equal Rights Amendment has struggled immensely to be enacted since its introduction to Congress in 1923. It is an amendment with a simple goal: give women equal rights. It seems like that would be easily passed, but there was a lot of opposition that heavily criticized and misconstrued the intentions of the amendment. The opponents’ rationale for their beliefs is very interesting, because their main arguments are simply not true. Using false information to misinform the public is unfortunately a very common occurrence, and it is important that the truth is available and the lies are openly debunked. By simply looking at the amendment, it is clear that opponents to it are lying to instill fear into the public.

Katha Pollitt’s, “What’s Wrong with Gay Marriage,” is an article about why Gay Marriage should be accepted without question. Pollitt views what “social conservatives” (530) have to say about marriage, and how their belief that marriage is all about procreation isn’t persuasive to those outside of the “right-wing think tank, Catholic marriage tribunal, or ultra-Orthodox rabbi court.” (Pollitt 530). Pollitt tells her readers to scratch procreation and then examines the theory that, “marriage is the way women domesticate men.” Continuing with well known right-winger George Gilder’s theory, she uses his statistical support that married men are much less likely than single men to take drugs, steal a car, murder someone, etc against

Up until the 1920s, women’s struggle for their right to vote seemed to be a futile one. They had been fighting for their suffrage for a long time, starting numerous women's rights movements and abolitionist activists groups to achieve their goal. “The campaign for women’s suffrage began in earnest in the decades before the Civil War. During the 1820s and 30s, most states had enfranchised almost all white males (“The Fight for Women's Suffrage” ). This sparked women to play a more emphatic role in society. They began to participate in anti-slavery organizations, religious movements, and even meetings where they discussed that when the Constitution states "that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their creator with certain

He then ties his introduction back into the writing by again inferring that future generations of Americans will feel the most profound effects. Furthermore, he made a sub-claim that supports his argument by contending that gay men would undoubtedly be more adulterous and prone to divorce, which would, in turn, hurt divorce's institution. He then supports his claim with evidence from Swedish gay marriage statistics that show divorce rates since the legalization of gay marriage have jumped well over 100 percent.