Jack 's Survival Strategies And Patterns Of Adaptation Essay

Lord of the Flies, written by William Golding, has four very important dynamic characters. A dynamic character is a character that develops and grows during the course of the story. Ralph, Jack, Piggy, and Simon are four dynamic characters in Lord of the Flies that adapt to their new lifestyles in different ways. Jack is a very important dynamic character in Lord of the Flies because he goes through the most changes during the novel. While on the island, Jack has many life experiences that change him forever. Jack never thought he would live his life the way he is living his life in the island. Jack’s authoritative figure, savage-like/instinctual behavior, and violence are three qualities that make Jack a dynamic character.

When Jack’s dad leaves he feels lost because his whole life he had always helped Jack with his illness. Jack discovers his dad once worked at Bioscience Discoveries, a testing facility. Jack’s dad created a “super strength” sun lotion for Jack that gave him a little more time in the sun (Forster, page 41). All that Jack ever knew was that when his dad was around his disease was better than after he left. He was probably not better because his dad helped him with his disease, but because when he dad was around he was happy and always at ease. Jack was constantly worried when his da was gone and his illness dramatically got worse after his dad left(Forster, page 107). Because of Jack’s dad leaving his illness had gotten worse due to the stress that was put onto him.

This theory attempts to explain why individuals who have had a rough or neglectful childhood have trouble adjusting in adult life, or why adolescents who had trouble finding and identity have issues later in life (Erikson, 1994). This theory helps therapists to ask more key questions about developmental stages and how the patient adjusted to each one (Mummendey, 1999). For example, If the patient was not able to establish a healthy identity then the therapist can identify what was in the way of the formation (Mummendey, 1999).

The preoccupied attachment style is characterized by low fear of closeness and high fear of abandonment. Individuals classified as preoccupied have a negative model of themselves. Because preoccupies see themselves as unworthy of love and unsupportive, they tend to “strive for self-acceptance by gaining the acceptance of valued others” (Bartholomew, 227) and would do everything to keep people in their life; Preoccupied individuals try to avoid any kind of conflict in order to make themselves loveable and others happy. Despite the fact that preoccupies often see others as trustworthy and available, they also feel that others do not care about them as much as they care about others.

Loneliness is usually a common and unharmful feeling, however, when a child is isolated his whole life, loneliness can have a much more morbid effect. This theme, prevalent throughout Ron Rash’s short story, The Ascent, is demonstrated through Jared, a young boy who is neglected by his parents. In the story, Jared escapes his miserable home life to a plane wreck he discovers while roaming the wilderness. Through the use of detached imagery and the emotional characterization of Jared as self-isolating, Rash argues that escaping too far from reality can be very harmful to the stability of one’s emotional being.

This intervention focuses on helping to provide the client who has suffered a complex trauma with an attachment style intervention that focuses on the various subsystems in the client’s life (Foroughe & Muller, 2014). TBRI can be applied not just in a clinical setting but in any environment. This intervention would help Sarah to continue to make bonds with people and be aware of how these systems affect her. Also Sarah would receive support for her separation anxiety disorder as well. The individual sessions would also allow for interventions that assess how Sarah is adjusting to her new life, and the outlook of her new family.

Kim Bartholomew took Bowlby’s theory a step further and proposed four styles of adult attachment based on working models of self and others (Lyddon & Sherry, 2001). These styles were secure, preoccupied, dismissing and fearful. Secure adults feel self worth and expect other people to be trustworthy. Preoccupied adults feel unworthy but feel better about other people. Dismissing adults feel they are worthy but have a negative view of others. And fearfully attached adults tend to feel unworthy and untrusting of others (Lyddon & Sherry, 2001). All of the styles noted except for secure would also fall under the broader category of insecure.

William Golding portrayed his past through a character in his novel, Lord of the Flies; Godling brought out what he truly believed to be the "darkness" of ones heart and incorporated it into the fictional character, Jack. William Golding, according to his family, was a violent man. His family described him as being a dictator, which showed a correlation between him and the fictional character, Jack. Throughout the story, Jack was a representation of savagery. His character was blood thirsty and a manipulator. Upon their arrival to the island, Jack desired power over all things. He wanted to be the leader and in control of the boys.

Golding uses symbols, imagery, and diction to delineate Jack’s evolution into savagery. When he first hunts for a pig, and hesitates, unable to kill it the boys “[Know] very well why [Jack] hadn’t: because of the enormity of the knife descending and cutting into living flesh; because of the unbearable blood”(31). At this time, Jack does not possess the mental strength, as he comes from a civilization where violence is unacceptable. He is not accustomed to inflicting harm on another living creature. Furthermore, the “unbearable blood” emphasizes his ties to civilization as he along with most other civil people would not take the sight of blood calmly. By the time Jack's second pig hunt occurs, his attitude towards violence has changed greatly: “His

Despite all the benefits of the three theories, they do have some limitations when addressing Andrew’s needs. For instance, attachment theory puts too much emphasis on the relationship between the mother and the chid, which unfortunately result in blame being put on the female caregiver (Coady & Lehmann, 2008). In Andrew’s case, the counsellor may focus too much on the relationship he had with his mother instead of also focusing on what kind of relationship he had with his father. One of the limitations for cognitive-behavioural theory regarding to treatment is that it may not be appropriate for clients with severe depressions or other sever problems (Coady & Lehmann, 2008). For Andrew’s case, if he was still taking his medications, he may

The following essay will aim to explore two developmental theories. It will also look at how they have become relevant in counselling and psychotherapy practice, how they should be helpful and offer support when a presenting issue occurs from a client, and how the counsellor will work in partnership with the client. The chosen theories are based on John Bowlby’s attachment theory and David Winnicott’s developmental theory.

In William Golding’s novel, Lord of the Flies, a group of English boys become stranded on an inhabited island after a plane crash, without any form of adult supervision. While walking around the beach two boys, Ralph and Piggy, find a conch and Piggy says they can use it as a horn to gather the other passengers. Once assembled, the boys hold an election for chief and Ralph is chosen and as a form of consolation he lets the runner-up, Jack, be the leader of the hunters. Jack’s role soon causes him to become obsessed with hunting and aids in the emergence of his savagery and portraying him as the savage side of man. While Ralph and Simon are two of the few boys that represent the civilized side of man; Ralph continuously attempts to stay civilized

In this Developmental Analysis I will be referring to the Attachment Theory, which is the product of the joint work from John Bowlby and Mary Ainsworth in 1991. The Attachment Theory draws on concepts from ethology, cybernetics, information processing, developmental psychology, and psychoanalysts. (Bretherton, 2007) Bowlby revolutionized our thinking about a child’s tie to the mother and its disruption through separation, deprivation, and bereavement. During this analysis I will explore how the novel Room and the young boy, Jack, fit into the attachment theory. I will come to terms with how everything that Jack saw and physically went through during his five years in the room will play an important role in his attachment outside of the room. One of the main questions I will be answering is; how does the Attachment Theory explain jacks ability to adapt outside of the room.

There has been some recent argument against the current understanding of the place of relationships in psychotherapy. While most theories argue that relationships are important or even essential to good mental health, other theorists claim that the way relationships are conceptualized in these theories is insufficient (Slife & Wiggins, 2009). Most of these theories conceptualize the individuals first, and then talk about the way these individuals relate. Relationships are often understood as two or more independent self-contained individuals interacting (Slife & Wiggins, 2009). An alternative way to look at relationships is offered by relational psychoanalysts and other theorists, though again it should be noted that

As I lie in bed, my deep brown hair, like the bark of an oak tree frames my pale face. I try to force myself to sleep and be drawn into the World of Dreams. Instead, I’m pulled into a whirlwind of thoughts. Like quicksand, the more I resist the further I’m sucked in. Jack. Jack, Jack, Jack. A tired sigh escapes my lips and I shift my gaze from the marble ceiling of my room to my left. I see nothing but a perfect white sheet and a high, plump pillow. Untouched and cold against my fingers. Abandoned like the tall bottle of Ampoule in the cabinet. As I run my hand against the once used pillow, I brood over the sense of tranquility I felt when I’d see Jack next to me, and the warm rays of sunshine I’d welcome every morning with comfort and contentment. I think about how worried he’d get when I was sad or concerned. I relive what I felt when I’d come home from work to find a beautiful candlelit dinner with Joe Henderson’s ‘Recorda Me’ blaring through the speakers. My heart aches at the thought